烧结助剂对无压烧结制备γ-AlON透明陶瓷的影响研究
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摘要
尖晶石型氧氮化铝(γ-AlON)是Al2O3-AIN体系中的一个稳定存在的单相、立方固溶体物相。具有优良的光学性能和机械性能,因而成为颇具潜力的结构-功能一体化新型材料。透明γ-AlON陶瓷可以应用于照明、光学与医用仪器、激光、装甲、红外探测等诸多领域。
本论文首先采用实验室自制的包含不同AlN (32mol%、36mol%、40mol%、44mol%)名义含量的单相γ-AlON透明陶瓷粉末为原料,研究球磨时间对原料粉末的纯度、粒径分布的影响。确定了合适的球磨时间,得到颗粒小、分散均匀的γ-AlON粉末。
其次,本论文通过无压烧结法制备了γ-AlON透明陶瓷。以不同组分的γ-AlON粉体为原料,Y2O3和La2O3为复合烧结助剂(其中Y2O3和La2O3质量比是4:1)系统研究了制备工艺和烧结助剂对无压烧结制备γ-AlON透明陶瓷的影响。研究表明优化的制备工艺是烧结温度为1900℃、保温时间为24h；并且当Y2O3-La2O3复合烧结助剂含量为0.1wt%时,可得到样品厚度为1mm,最大直线透过率超过60%的γ-AlON透明陶瓷,其最大直线透过率比没有添加烧结助剂的AlON陶瓷提高50%。通过研究不同复合烧结助剂含量对γ-AlON透明陶瓷的光学性能、机械性能以及微观结构的影响,表明：适量的复合烧结助剂,通过固溶至γ-AlON晶粒中促进材料致密化,有利于光学性能的提高；过多的烧结助剂在烧结过程中形成液相并残留在晶界中,导致γ-AlON陶瓷的致密度和光学透过性能下降。
另外,本论文还探索了MgO、MgF2等烧结助剂对γ-AlON陶瓷无压烧结的影响。以44mol%AlN名义含量的γ-AlON粉末为原料,以0.5wt%MgO为烧结助剂,在N2气氛,1900℃下无压烧结,保温24h可以制备出透过率在40%左右的AlON透明陶瓷；而添加MgF2的γ-AlON陶瓷样品不透明。表明Mg2+离子引入方式的不同,对γ-AlON透明陶瓷透光率的影响有较大差异。
Spinel-structure aluminium oxynitride (γ-AlON) is one of the most important potential materials with combined properties of structural and functional cemmics because of its outstanding optical and mechanical properties.γ-AlON transparent ceramics can be widely used in lighting, optical and medical instruments, laser, armor, infrareddetection, etc.
Firstly, single-phaseγ-AlON transparent ceramic powders were used as materials with different mol AlN (32mol%、36mol%,40mol%、44mol%) in this thesis. we study the influence of the powder purity and particle size distribution with the time of ball mill. And we get the uniform dispersion of small particles and purity ofγ-AlON powders through choosing appropriate milling time.
Secondly,γ-AlON transparent ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering usingγ-AlON powders as raw material and Y2O3-La2O3 (m(Y2O3):m(La2O3)= 4:1) as combined sintering additives. The effect of process of preparation and sintering additives onγ-AlON transparent ceramics by pressureless sintering has been systematicly investigated. The results show that the condition for sinteringγ-AlON transparent ceramics is 1900γfor 24h.When the content of 0.1wt% La2O3-Y2O3 combined sintering additives, we can get the sample of 1mm thickness, the maximum rate more than 60% of theγ-AlON transparent ceramics, It's increased by 50% than without adding additives sintering. Meanwhile, The crystalline phase and microstructure ofγ-AlON transparent ceramics were investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM. The effect of combined sintering additives on microstructure optical and mechanical properties ofγ-AlON transparent ceramics was studied. The result shows that appropriate amount of combined sintering additives were dissolved intoγ-AlON grains, which can improve the density and optical property of materials. However, excessive amount combined sintering additives formed liquid phase and were remained in the grain boundary, which degrade the density and optical performance ofγ-AlON ceramics. In this paper, the effect of different sintering additives such as MgO,MgF2 on the pressureless sintering ofγ-AION has also been investigated. We usedγ-AlON power with a nominal content of 44mol%AlN as raw material and 0.5wt% MgO as sintering additive.γ-AlON transparent ceramics with transmmitance around 40% was well synthesized through presureless sintering at 1900℃for 24 hours in a N2 atmosphere.However, AlON ceramics obtained by adding MgF2 as sintering additive under the same condition showed little transparency. The research indicates that effect of introducing Mg ion through different compounds on the transmmitance ofγ-AION transparent ceramics varies a lot.
本论文首先采用实验室自制的包含不同AlN (32mol%、36mol%、40mol%、44mol%)名义含量的单相γ-AlON透明陶瓷粉末为原料,研究球磨时间对原料粉末的纯度、粒径分布的影响。确定了合适的球磨时间,得到颗粒小、分散均匀的γ-AlON粉末。
其次,本论文通过无压烧结法制备了γ-AlON透明陶瓷。以不同组分的γ-AlON粉体为原料,Y2O3和La2O3为复合烧结助剂(其中Y2O3和La2O3质量比是4:1)系统研究了制备工艺和烧结助剂对无压烧结制备γ-AlON透明陶瓷的影响。研究表明优化的制备工艺是烧结温度为1900℃、保温时间为24h；并且当Y2O3-La2O3复合烧结助剂含量为0.1wt%时,可得到样品厚度为1mm,最大直线透过率超过60%的γ-AlON透明陶瓷,其最大直线透过率比没有添加烧结助剂的AlON陶瓷提高50%。通过研究不同复合烧结助剂含量对γ-AlON透明陶瓷的光学性能、机械性能以及微观结构的影响,表明：适量的复合烧结助剂,通过固溶至γ-AlON晶粒中促进材料致密化,有利于光学性能的提高；过多的烧结助剂在烧结过程中形成液相并残留在晶界中,导致γ-AlON陶瓷的致密度和光学透过性能下降。
另外,本论文还探索了MgO、MgF2等烧结助剂对γ-AlON陶瓷无压烧结的影响。以44mol%AlN名义含量的γ-AlON粉末为原料,以0.5wt%MgO为烧结助剂,在N2气氛,1900℃下无压烧结,保温24h可以制备出透过率在40%左右的AlON透明陶瓷；而添加MgF2的γ-AlON陶瓷样品不透明。表明Mg2+离子引入方式的不同,对γ-AlON透明陶瓷透光率的影响有较大差异。
Spinel-structure aluminium oxynitride (γ-AlON) is one of the most important potential materials with combined properties of structural and functional cemmics because of its outstanding optical and mechanical properties.γ-AlON transparent ceramics can be widely used in lighting, optical and medical instruments, laser, armor, infrareddetection, etc.
Firstly, single-phaseγ-AlON transparent ceramic powders were used as materials with different mol AlN (32mol%、36mol%,40mol%、44mol%) in this thesis. we study the influence of the powder purity and particle size distribution with the time of ball mill. And we get the uniform dispersion of small particles and purity ofγ-AlON powders through choosing appropriate milling time.
Secondly,γ-AlON transparent ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering usingγ-AlON powders as raw material and Y2O3-La2O3 (m(Y2O3):m(La2O3)= 4:1) as combined sintering additives. The effect of process of preparation and sintering additives onγ-AlON transparent ceramics by pressureless sintering has been systematicly investigated. The results show that the condition for sinteringγ-AlON transparent ceramics is 1900γfor 24h.When the content of 0.1wt% La2O3-Y2O3 combined sintering additives, we can get the sample of 1mm thickness, the maximum rate more than 60% of theγ-AlON transparent ceramics, It's increased by 50% than without adding additives sintering. Meanwhile, The crystalline phase and microstructure ofγ-AlON transparent ceramics were investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM. The effect of combined sintering additives on microstructure optical and mechanical properties ofγ-AlON transparent ceramics was studied. The result shows that appropriate amount of combined sintering additives were dissolved intoγ-AlON grains, which can improve the density and optical property of materials. However, excessive amount combined sintering additives formed liquid phase and were remained in the grain boundary, which degrade the density and optical performance ofγ-AlON ceramics. In this paper, the effect of different sintering additives such as MgO,MgF2 on the pressureless sintering ofγ-AION has also been investigated. We usedγ-AlON power with a nominal content of 44mol%AlN as raw material and 0.5wt% MgO as sintering additive.γ-AlON transparent ceramics with transmmitance around 40% was well synthesized through presureless sintering at 1900℃for 24 hours in a N2 atmosphere.However, AlON ceramics obtained by adding MgF2 as sintering additive under the same condition showed little transparency. The research indicates that effect of introducing Mg ion through different compounds on the transmmitance ofγ-AION transparent ceramics varies a lot.
引文
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[2]戴英,裴新美,南策文等.尖晶石型氮氧化铝(γ-AlON)研究进展.材料导报,1999.13(4)：71-73
[3]Graham E K, Munly W C, McCauley J W, et al. Elastic properties of polycrystalline aluminum oxynitride spinel and their dependence on pressure,temperature and composition J.Am.Ceram.Soc.,1988.807
[4]Quinn G D, Corbin N D, McCauley J.W., et al. Thermomechanical properties of aluminum oxynitride spinel. J. Am. Ceram. Soc.,1984.723
[5]Swab J, Lasalvia J C, Gilde G A, et al. Transparent armor ceramicics:AlON and spinelCeram ENG Sci proc,1999.79
[6]Tropf W. J. and Thomas M.E.. Handbook of Optical Constant of Solids Ⅱ. New York: Academic Press,1991.
[7]Corbin N D. Aluminum oxynitride spinel:A review. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 1989.143-154
[8]Nakao W, Fukuyama H. Cibba energy change of carbothermal nitridation reaction of γ-AION and its thermodynamic stability. J Am Ceram Soc,2005.3170-3176
[9]Bandyopadhyay S, Rixecker G, Aldinger F, et al. Effect of reaction parameterson γ-AION formation from Al2O3 and AlN. J Am Ceram soc,2002.1010-1012
[10]MeCauley J W, Corbin N D. Process for producing polycrystalline cubic aluminum oxynitride. US Pat:4241000,1980-12-23
[11]Paliwal B, Ramcah K T, MeCauley J W. Direct observation of the dynamic compressive failure of a transparent polycrystalline ceramic (AION).J Am Ceram soc,2006.2128-2133
[12]Hartnett T M, Bernstein S D, Maguire E A, et al. Optical properties of AION (aluminum oxynitride). Infrared Physics & Technology,1998.203-211
[13]Joseph M W, Thomas M H, Lee M G, et al. Recent advances in AlON optical ceramic Proc. SPIE.2005.71-83
[14]www. surmet. com
[15]张芳,王十维,张昭等.AION粉体制备及透明陶瓷烧结.稀有金属材料与工程,2009.38(3)：45-51
[16]姜华伟,杜洪兵,田庭燕等.AION透明陶瓷研究进展.硅酸盐通报,2009.28(2)298-302
[17]魏巍.AlON透明陶瓷的制备与性能研究：[硕士学位论文].武汉：武汉理工大学,2007
[18]孟志民.γ-AlON透明陶瓷的粉末制备及其密实化研究：[硕士学位论文].武汉：武汉理工大学,2008
[19]彭丁.γ-AlON透明陶瓷粉末制备及其无压烧结研究：[硕士学位论文].武汉：武汉理工大学,2009
[20]齐建起.AlON粉体的铝热还原法合成及其透明陶瓷制备研究：[博士学位论文].四川：四川大学,2009.
[21]魏春城.尖晶石型AlON透明陶瓷的制备与表征：[硕士学位论文].山东：山东理工大学,2008
[22]McCauley J W. A simple mode for aluminum oxynitride Spinels. J. Amer. Soc.1978.372
[23]McCauley J W and Corbin N D. Phase relations and reaction sintering of transparent cubic aluminum oxynitride spinel (ALON). J. Am. Ceram.Soc.,1979.476-479
[24]Lejus, A, Formation at high temperature of nonstoichiometric spinels and of derived phases in several oxide systems based on alumina and in the system alumina-aluminum nitride. Rev. Int. Hautes Temp. Refrac,1964,1(1),53.
[25]Adams I, AuCoin T R and Wolff G A. Luminescence in the system Al2O3-AlN. J. Electrochem,1962.1050
[26]Willems H X and Metselaar R. Thermodynamics of AlON, III:Stabilization of AlON with MgO. J. Eur. Ceram.Soc,1993.43
[27]LEE J H and KOO B K. Manufacturing a transparent polycrystalline aluminum oxynitride ceramic comprises adding a sintering additive to a source powder that includes less than 0.5wt.percent MgO. WO2008047955-A1
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