大麻脱胶功能菌株的选育及在沤麻中的应用
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摘要
大麻是重要的纤维作物,其纤维性能优异,具有耐用、卫生和附加值高等特点,是一种环保型的纤维原料,有着巨大的应用潜力。本项研究主要是通过大麻微生物脱胶功能菌株选育,并优化其产酶条件,从而建立一套完整的加菌沤麻脱胶新工艺,为提高大麻脱胶的效率和纤维的产质量奠定基础。
从延寿县亚麻纺织厂41号大麻沤麻池的沤麻液中分离、筛选两株大麻脱胶功能菌株,编号分别为HDDMM02、HDDMG05。采用形态观察、生理生化试验及16S rDNA系统发育分析手段进行鉴定,确定两株菌分别为为地衣芽孢杆菌Bacillus licheniformis(EU723824)和大肠埃希氏杆菌Escherichia coli(EU723821)。
采用单因素及响应面法优化两株功能菌的培养基,并确定其最佳产酶条件,菌株HDDMM02的培养基最佳配方是摩芋粉6%、蛋白胨0.25%、NaCl 0.5%、MgSO_4.7H_2O 0.05%,培养条件为pH值7、接种量2%、温度37℃,最大酶活为5.89 IU/mL,比优化前提高近2倍。菌株HDDMG05的培养基配方是桔皮粉16.1%、酵母提取物0.2%、NaCl 0.5%、K_2HPO_4 0.5%、MgSO_4.7H_2O 0.01%,培养条件为接种量2%、温度37℃,最大酶活为8126U/mL,比优化前提高了16倍。
通过对大麻纤维化学成分测定,确定实验室的最佳沤制条件为:把选育的菌株HDDMG05和HDDMM02培育至最大产酶时期,以1:1的比例,两株菌接种量均为0.5%,助剂尿素为0.1%,NaCl为0.1%。其沤制后大麻纤维中果胶、半纤维素和木质素的含量分别为5.32%、17.96%和2.11%,与不加菌相比三者均下降1-3个百分点。工厂加菌中试的大麻纤维的平均出麻率为13.11%,加菌前的平均出麻率为11.66%。加菌后出麻率提高1-1.5%,大麻纤维的强度提高了20-25N(牛顿)。
Cannabis is an important fiber crop, its fiber has performance with durable, high added-value and it is an environment-friendly fiber raw materials, it has great potential applications. The mainly study is selection the cannabis degumming functional microbial strain and optimization of its enzyme production conditions, so as to establish a complete set of additional strains of retting process, for enhance the efficiency of degumming hemp fiber production and lay the foundation for quality.
Two Function strains of degumming cannabis, HDDMM02 and HDDMG05, were isolated from the fermentation liquid of the 41# hemp retting. Two strains were identified as Bacillus licheniformis(EU723824) and Escherichia coli(EU723821) according to the morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and the sequencing of 16S rDNA.
Single factors and response surface method was used to optimize function of two strains of the medium, and to determine the optimum conditions for enzyme production. The HDDMM02 strains grew best when cultured at 37℃with 6% konjac powder as carbon, 0.25% peptone as nitrogen source, 0.5% NaCl, 0.05% MgSO_4.7H_2O, pH 7.0, incolumn volume for HDDMM02 was 2%. The HDDMM02 strains could respectively show the highest mannanase activity as 5.89 IU/mL, the nearly 2 times before optimization. The HDDMG05 strains grew best when cultured at 37℃with 16% orange powderas carbon, 0.2% Yeast extract as nitrogen source, 0.5% NaCl, K_2HPO_4 0.5%, 0.01% MgSO_4.7H_2O, pH 7.0, incolumn volume for HDDMM02 was 2%. The HDDMG05 strains could respectively show the highest mannanase activity as 8126U/mL, the nearly 16 times before optimization.
The best laboratory conditions for retting system wes determined by determing of hemp fiber chemical composition: The strains HDDMG05 and HDDMM02 were breed largest enzyme production period, the ratio of 1:1, two inoculum strains were 0.5%, CO(NH_2)20.1%, NaCl 0.1%.The retting of hemp fiber system in the pectin, hemicellulose and lignin content were 5.318%, 2.105% and 17.954%, and without bacteria are decreased compared to three percentage points 1-3.The average rate for hemp fiber is 13.11% after add the bacteria, 11.66% before add the bacteria. The rate of hemp fiber was improved 1-1.5%, the strength of hemp fiber was improved 20-25N.
从延寿县亚麻纺织厂41号大麻沤麻池的沤麻液中分离、筛选两株大麻脱胶功能菌株,编号分别为HDDMM02、HDDMG05。采用形态观察、生理生化试验及16S rDNA系统发育分析手段进行鉴定,确定两株菌分别为为地衣芽孢杆菌Bacillus licheniformis(EU723824)和大肠埃希氏杆菌Escherichia coli(EU723821)。
采用单因素及响应面法优化两株功能菌的培养基,并确定其最佳产酶条件,菌株HDDMM02的培养基最佳配方是摩芋粉6%、蛋白胨0.25%、NaCl 0.5%、MgSO_4.7H_2O 0.05%,培养条件为pH值7、接种量2%、温度37℃,最大酶活为5.89 IU/mL,比优化前提高近2倍。菌株HDDMG05的培养基配方是桔皮粉16.1%、酵母提取物0.2%、NaCl 0.5%、K_2HPO_4 0.5%、MgSO_4.7H_2O 0.01%,培养条件为接种量2%、温度37℃,最大酶活为8126U/mL,比优化前提高了16倍。
通过对大麻纤维化学成分测定,确定实验室的最佳沤制条件为:把选育的菌株HDDMG05和HDDMM02培育至最大产酶时期,以1:1的比例,两株菌接种量均为0.5%,助剂尿素为0.1%,NaCl为0.1%。其沤制后大麻纤维中果胶、半纤维素和木质素的含量分别为5.32%、17.96%和2.11%,与不加菌相比三者均下降1-3个百分点。工厂加菌中试的大麻纤维的平均出麻率为13.11%,加菌前的平均出麻率为11.66%。加菌后出麻率提高1-1.5%,大麻纤维的强度提高了20-25N(牛顿)。
Cannabis is an important fiber crop, its fiber has performance with durable, high added-value and it is an environment-friendly fiber raw materials, it has great potential applications. The mainly study is selection the cannabis degumming functional microbial strain and optimization of its enzyme production conditions, so as to establish a complete set of additional strains of retting process, for enhance the efficiency of degumming hemp fiber production and lay the foundation for quality.
Two Function strains of degumming cannabis, HDDMM02 and HDDMG05, were isolated from the fermentation liquid of the 41# hemp retting. Two strains were identified as Bacillus licheniformis(EU723824) and Escherichia coli(EU723821) according to the morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and the sequencing of 16S rDNA.
Single factors and response surface method was used to optimize function of two strains of the medium, and to determine the optimum conditions for enzyme production. The HDDMM02 strains grew best when cultured at 37℃with 6% konjac powder as carbon, 0.25% peptone as nitrogen source, 0.5% NaCl, 0.05% MgSO_4.7H_2O, pH 7.0, incolumn volume for HDDMM02 was 2%. The HDDMM02 strains could respectively show the highest mannanase activity as 5.89 IU/mL, the nearly 2 times before optimization. The HDDMG05 strains grew best when cultured at 37℃with 16% orange powderas carbon, 0.2% Yeast extract as nitrogen source, 0.5% NaCl, K_2HPO_4 0.5%, 0.01% MgSO_4.7H_2O, pH 7.0, incolumn volume for HDDMM02 was 2%. The HDDMG05 strains could respectively show the highest mannanase activity as 8126U/mL, the nearly 16 times before optimization.
The best laboratory conditions for retting system wes determined by determing of hemp fiber chemical composition: The strains HDDMG05 and HDDMM02 were breed largest enzyme production period, the ratio of 1:1, two inoculum strains were 0.5%, CO(NH_2)20.1%, NaCl 0.1%.The retting of hemp fiber system in the pectin, hemicellulose and lignin content were 5.318%, 2.105% and 17.954%, and without bacteria are decreased compared to three percentage points 1-3.The average rate for hemp fiber is 13.11% after add the bacteria, 11.66% before add the bacteria. The rate of hemp fiber was improved 1-1.5%, the strength of hemp fiber was improved 20-25N.
引文
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