碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱抗震性能研究
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摘要
近年来,碳纤维片材加固混凝土结构技术发展迅速,凭借其自身的诸多优点,已经广泛应用于结构加固或新建结构中。碳纤维不仅具有优异的力学性能,还有较好的力电感知特性,即碳纤维的电阻变化与碳纤维自身断裂程度密切相关,通过监测碳纤维的电阻变化可直接反映碳纤维材料的受力状态。将碳纤维包裹在高强混凝土构件表面时,可以对内部混凝土的侧向膨胀起到良好的约束作用,改善高强混凝土的抗震性能;同时还可以通过碳纤维的力电特性监测其自身及高强混凝土的受力状态,对其自身及高强混凝土的损伤进行诊断。基于以上思想,本文主要完成了以下几个方面的工作:
1.通过碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱的伪静力试验,研究轴压比、碳纤维包裹方式、混凝土强度等级等参数对碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱抗震性能的影响规律;
2.将铜丝编织在碳纤维片材中作为电极,测量碳纤维布材的电阻变化规律;利用其监测结果,研究碳纤维约束高强混凝土的力电特性,考察其在水平往复荷载作用下碳纤维电阻变化率与碳纤维受力之间的关系,揭示外包碳纤维的损伤程度与破坏顺序;
3.基于已有碳纤维约束混凝土本构关系,利用有限条带法对碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱压弯构件进行非线性全过程分析及参数分析,得到了构件大小偏心破坏的轴压比限值,并提出碳纤维的合理包裹方式。
Recently, The technology of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(CFRP) confining concrete structure has been rapidly developed,CFRP has been widely used for strengthing and new-built structures due to their advantages CFRP not only has superior mechanical properties but also has good electromechanical sensing properties, which is the change of CFRP electric resistance is intimately relative to the damage extent of CFRP, according to monitoring the change of CFRP electric resistance, it can directly reflect the actual stress condition of CFRP. When CFRP is enwrapped to high strength concrete, it could confine inner concrete lateral expansion, and improve the seimic performance of high strength concrete. Furthermore, through itself electromechanical sensing properties, CFRP could monitor itself and high-strength concrete stress as well as diagnose itself and high-strength concrete damage. Based on these concepts, the main contents of paper which were finished by experimentations and theoretic analyses are following:
1. According to the pseudo-static test of CFRP conifining high strength concrete, the influencing factors of high strength concrete column confined with CFRP seismic performance is studied, including axial pressure ratio, mode of enwrapping CFRP, and concrete strength.
2. Woven the copper wire with CFRP as the electric pole to measure the rule of electric resistance. Make use of monitoring results, The electromechenical propertiy of CFRP confining high strength concrete is studied, and the relationship between voltage variation and applied strain in horizontal reciprocal load is analysed. The damage extent and damage order is disclosed.
3. Based on existing constitutive relationship of concrete confined with CFRP, utilizing finite-strip method, the experimental results are nonlinearly analysed, the interrelated parameters are analysed. The axial pressure ratio bound point and proper enwrapping mehod of CFRP are found.
1.通过碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱的伪静力试验,研究轴压比、碳纤维包裹方式、混凝土强度等级等参数对碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱抗震性能的影响规律;
2.将铜丝编织在碳纤维片材中作为电极,测量碳纤维布材的电阻变化规律;利用其监测结果,研究碳纤维约束高强混凝土的力电特性,考察其在水平往复荷载作用下碳纤维电阻变化率与碳纤维受力之间的关系,揭示外包碳纤维的损伤程度与破坏顺序;
3.基于已有碳纤维约束混凝土本构关系,利用有限条带法对碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱压弯构件进行非线性全过程分析及参数分析,得到了构件大小偏心破坏的轴压比限值,并提出碳纤维的合理包裹方式。
Recently, The technology of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(CFRP) confining concrete structure has been rapidly developed,CFRP has been widely used for strengthing and new-built structures due to their advantages CFRP not only has superior mechanical properties but also has good electromechanical sensing properties, which is the change of CFRP electric resistance is intimately relative to the damage extent of CFRP, according to monitoring the change of CFRP electric resistance, it can directly reflect the actual stress condition of CFRP. When CFRP is enwrapped to high strength concrete, it could confine inner concrete lateral expansion, and improve the seimic performance of high strength concrete. Furthermore, through itself electromechanical sensing properties, CFRP could monitor itself and high-strength concrete stress as well as diagnose itself and high-strength concrete damage. Based on these concepts, the main contents of paper which were finished by experimentations and theoretic analyses are following:
1. According to the pseudo-static test of CFRP conifining high strength concrete, the influencing factors of high strength concrete column confined with CFRP seismic performance is studied, including axial pressure ratio, mode of enwrapping CFRP, and concrete strength.
2. Woven the copper wire with CFRP as the electric pole to measure the rule of electric resistance. Make use of monitoring results, The electromechenical propertiy of CFRP confining high strength concrete is studied, and the relationship between voltage variation and applied strain in horizontal reciprocal load is analysed. The damage extent and damage order is disclosed.
3. Based on existing constitutive relationship of concrete confined with CFRP, utilizing finite-strip method, the experimental results are nonlinearly analysed, the interrelated parameters are analysed. The axial pressure ratio bound point and proper enwrapping mehod of CFRP are found.
引文
1韩克双.碳纤维布加固高强混凝土柱的受力性能试验研究.大连理工大学硕士论文,2005, 7:8-12
2赵彤,戴自强,张景明.碳纤维布增强钢筋混凝土柱抗震能力的试验研究. 2000, 7:31-32
3赵树红,叶列平,张轲.碳纤纤对混凝土柱抗震加固的试验分析. 2001, 12:17-18
4李春雷. FPR约束钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能研究现状. 2005, 2:30～31
5刘金龙.自监测碳纤维约束高强混凝土本构关系研究.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文, 2005,7:15-23
6 Schueler R, Joshi S P, Schulte K. Damage detection in CFRP by electrical conductivity mapping [J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2001, 61:921-930.
7 Chung D D L. Self-monitoring structural material [J]. Materials Science and Engineering, 1998, 22:57-78.
8 Park J B, Okabe T, Takeda N, et al. Electromechanical modeling of unidirectional CFRP composites under tensile loading condition [J]. Composites Part A, 2002, 33:267-275.
9 Sun M, Li Z, Liu Q, et al. A study on thermal self-diagnostic and self-adaptive smart concrete structures [J], Cement and Concrete Research, 2000, 30:1251-1253.
10 Ou J P, Wang B, He Z, et al. Mechanical and sensing properties of FRP bars for concrete structures [J], Pacific Science Review, 2002, 4:93-99.
11欧进萍,王勃,张新越等混凝土结构用CFRP筋的感知性能试验研究[J].复合材料学报, 2003, 20(6):47-51.
12 Teng J G, Chen J F, Smith S T, et al. FRP-Strengtheded RC Structures[M]. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons, 2002.
13 Rudiger Shueler,Shiv P.Joshi, Karl Schulte, Damage Detection in CFRP by electrical conductivity mapping, Composites Science and Technology 61 (2001)921-930
14 A. Todoroki. The Effect of Number of Electrodes and Diagnostic Tool forMonitoring the Delamination of CFRP Laminates by Changes in Electrical Resistance. Composites Science and Technology2001 (61):1871-1880
15 J.C.Abry, Y.K.Choi, A.Chateauminois, B.Dalloz, G.Giraud, M.Salvia, In-situ monitoring of damage in CFRP laminations by means of AC and DC measurements, Composites Science and Technology61(2001)855-864
16 M. X. Xu, W. G. Liu, X. Z. Gao, L. P. Fang and D. K. Yao, Correlation of Change in Electrical Resistance with Strain of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic in Tension. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 1996, 60(10):1595-1599
17 Dae-Cheol Seo, Jung-Ju Lee, Damage detection of CFRP laminates using electrical resistance measurement and neural network, Composite Structures 47 (1999) 525-530
18 A.Todoroki, M.Tanaka, Y. Shimamura. Measurement of Orthotropic Electric Conductance of CFRP Laminates and Analysis of the Effect on Delamination Monitoring with an Electric Resistance Change Method. Composites Science and Technology,2002,62:619-628
19 Jae Beom Park, Tomonaga Okabe, Akinori Yoshimura, Nobuo Takeda and William A. Curtin, Quantitative evaluation of the electrically conductive internal network in CFRP composites, NDE and Health Monitoring of Aerospace Materials and Civil Infrastructures Vol. 4704 (2002):40-50
20周文松.大跨度斜拉桥健康监测系统研究与应用,哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文, 2005, 7:8-13
21徐皇冈.环氧树脂基碳纤维片材传感特性的研究,哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2006,4:37-38.
22卢明碳纤维约束高强混凝土本构关系与机敏特性研究,哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文, 2006, 9:39-41.
23 Considere A. Experimental researches on reinforced concrete[R]. L. S. Moisseiff, translator,Mc Graw,New York, 1996.
24 Richart F E, Brandtzaeg A. A study of the failure of concrete under combined compressive stress[R]. University of Illinois, Engineering Experimental Station, Illinois, USA, 1928.
25林大炎,王传志.矩形箍筋约束的混凝土应力一应变曲线研究.见:清华大学抗爆工程研究室科学研究报告集第三集[C].北京:清华大学出版社, 1981.9:19-37.
26 Toutanji H. Srtess-strain characteristics of concrete columns externally confined with advanced fiber composite sheets[J]. ACI Mater. J.,1999,96(3):697-404
27 Saffi M, Toutanji H A et al. Behavior of concrete columns confining with fiber reinforced polymer tubes[J].ACI Materials Journal, 1999, 96(4):500-509
28 L.Lam and J. G.Teng. A New Stress-Strain Model For FRP-Confined Concrete [A]. J.G.Teng. FRP Composites in Civil Engineering[C]. Elsevier Service Ltd,2001,Vo1(I).283 -292.
29 Y. Xiao and H. Wu. Concrete Stub Columns Confined By Various Types of FRP Jackets[A]. J.-G.Teng.FRP Composites in Civil Engineering[C].Elsevier Service Ltd, 2001, Vo1(I) 293-300.
30 Harmon, T. G.., and Slattery, K. T.. Advanced composite confinement of concrete. AdvancedComposite Materials in Bridges and Structures (Edited by Neale, K. W., and Labossiere, P.), Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, 1992.
31 Karabinis, A. I., and Rousakis. T. C.. Concrete confined by FRP material: a plasticityapproach. Engineering Structures. 2002, 24: 923-932.
32肖岩,吴徵,陈宝春.碳纤维套箍约束混凝土的应力-应变关系[J].工程力学, 2002, 19(2):154-159.
33贾英明,程华.不同FRP约束混凝土圆柱轴心受压性能试验研究[J].工业建筑, 2002, 32(5):65-67.
34贾英明. FRP约束混凝土柱轴心受压性能试验研究[D].后勤工程学院硕士学位论文, 2002, 7:.15-23
35欧阳煌,黄奕辉,钱在兹等.玻璃纤维(GFRP)片材约束混凝土的受力性能分析.土木工程学报, 2004, 37 (3):26-34.
36李静,钱稼茹,蒋剑彪. CFRP约束混凝土应力应变全曲线研究.见:岳清瑞.第二届全国土木工程用纤维增强复合材料(FRP)应用技术学术交流会论文集[C].北京:清华大学出版社, 2002:157-163.
37赵彤,谢剑.碳纤维布补强加固混凝土结构新技术[M].天津大学出版社, 2001, 8:5-150.
38 Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani M R, Jin L. Seismic retrofitting of rectangular bridge columns with composite straps. Earthquake Spectra. May 1997, Vol.13, No.2:281-304
39 Hamid Saadatmanesh. Repair of Earthquake-Damaged RC Columns with FRP Wraps, ACI Structural Journal. March-April 1997, 206-215
40杨剑.碳纤维布加固混凝土柱的试验研究与数值模拟.河海大学硕士论文. 2005, 12:3-4.
41赵彤,谢剑,戴自强.碳纤维布约束混凝土应力-应变全曲线的试验研究[J].建筑结构, 2000, 30(7):40-43.
42赵彤,谢剑,刘明国.碳纤维布改善高强混凝土性能的研究[J].工业建筑, 2001, 31(3):42-44.
43赵彤,谢剑.碳纤维布加固混凝土结构新技术[M].天津:天津大学出版社, 2001.
44张柯,岳清瑞,赵树红,叶列平.碳纤维布加固混凝土柱改善延性的试验研究[J],工业建筑2000, 30(2):237-241
45张柯,岳清瑞,叶列平碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能分析及目标延性系数确定[A],中国首届纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集[C]北京, 2000:227-232
46范立础,卓卫东,薛元德, FRP筒套箍RC墩柱抗震性能的初步研究[A],中国首届纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集[C],北京, 2000:113-117
47岳清瑞.纤维增强塑料在土木工程结构中应用技术的进展[A].见:岳清端.第二届全国土木工程用纤维增强复合材料(FRP)应用技术[C].北京:清华大学出版社, 2002:18-22.
48朱伯龙,董振祥.钢筋混凝土非线性分析.同济大学出版社. 1985.1
49吕西林,金国芳,吴晓涵.钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元理论与应用.同济大学出版社. 1998.2
50 Mander, J, Priestiey, and M. J. Park, R. , theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete, Jourmal of Structural Engineering, V. 124, NO.8, 1998, pp. 1804-1824.
51敬登虎. FRP约束混凝土的应力-应变模型及其在加固中的应用研究.东南大学博士论文, 2006(3):50-52.
2赵彤,戴自强,张景明.碳纤维布增强钢筋混凝土柱抗震能力的试验研究. 2000, 7:31-32
3赵树红,叶列平,张轲.碳纤纤对混凝土柱抗震加固的试验分析. 2001, 12:17-18
4李春雷. FPR约束钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能研究现状. 2005, 2:30～31
5刘金龙.自监测碳纤维约束高强混凝土本构关系研究.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文, 2005,7:15-23
6 Schueler R, Joshi S P, Schulte K. Damage detection in CFRP by electrical conductivity mapping [J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2001, 61:921-930.
7 Chung D D L. Self-monitoring structural material [J]. Materials Science and Engineering, 1998, 22:57-78.
8 Park J B, Okabe T, Takeda N, et al. Electromechanical modeling of unidirectional CFRP composites under tensile loading condition [J]. Composites Part A, 2002, 33:267-275.
9 Sun M, Li Z, Liu Q, et al. A study on thermal self-diagnostic and self-adaptive smart concrete structures [J], Cement and Concrete Research, 2000, 30:1251-1253.
10 Ou J P, Wang B, He Z, et al. Mechanical and sensing properties of FRP bars for concrete structures [J], Pacific Science Review, 2002, 4:93-99.
11欧进萍,王勃,张新越等混凝土结构用CFRP筋的感知性能试验研究[J].复合材料学报, 2003, 20(6):47-51.
12 Teng J G, Chen J F, Smith S T, et al. FRP-Strengtheded RC Structures[M]. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons, 2002.
13 Rudiger Shueler,Shiv P.Joshi, Karl Schulte, Damage Detection in CFRP by electrical conductivity mapping, Composites Science and Technology 61 (2001)921-930
14 A. Todoroki. The Effect of Number of Electrodes and Diagnostic Tool forMonitoring the Delamination of CFRP Laminates by Changes in Electrical Resistance. Composites Science and Technology2001 (61):1871-1880
15 J.C.Abry, Y.K.Choi, A.Chateauminois, B.Dalloz, G.Giraud, M.Salvia, In-situ monitoring of damage in CFRP laminations by means of AC and DC measurements, Composites Science and Technology61(2001)855-864
16 M. X. Xu, W. G. Liu, X. Z. Gao, L. P. Fang and D. K. Yao, Correlation of Change in Electrical Resistance with Strain of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic in Tension. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 1996, 60(10):1595-1599
17 Dae-Cheol Seo, Jung-Ju Lee, Damage detection of CFRP laminates using electrical resistance measurement and neural network, Composite Structures 47 (1999) 525-530
18 A.Todoroki, M.Tanaka, Y. Shimamura. Measurement of Orthotropic Electric Conductance of CFRP Laminates and Analysis of the Effect on Delamination Monitoring with an Electric Resistance Change Method. Composites Science and Technology,2002,62:619-628
19 Jae Beom Park, Tomonaga Okabe, Akinori Yoshimura, Nobuo Takeda and William A. Curtin, Quantitative evaluation of the electrically conductive internal network in CFRP composites, NDE and Health Monitoring of Aerospace Materials and Civil Infrastructures Vol. 4704 (2002):40-50
20周文松.大跨度斜拉桥健康监测系统研究与应用,哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文, 2005, 7:8-13
21徐皇冈.环氧树脂基碳纤维片材传感特性的研究,哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2006,4:37-38.
22卢明碳纤维约束高强混凝土本构关系与机敏特性研究,哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文, 2006, 9:39-41.
23 Considere A. Experimental researches on reinforced concrete[R]. L. S. Moisseiff, translator,Mc Graw,New York, 1996.
24 Richart F E, Brandtzaeg A. A study of the failure of concrete under combined compressive stress[R]. University of Illinois, Engineering Experimental Station, Illinois, USA, 1928.
25林大炎,王传志.矩形箍筋约束的混凝土应力一应变曲线研究.见:清华大学抗爆工程研究室科学研究报告集第三集[C].北京:清华大学出版社, 1981.9:19-37.
26 Toutanji H. Srtess-strain characteristics of concrete columns externally confined with advanced fiber composite sheets[J]. ACI Mater. J.,1999,96(3):697-404
27 Saffi M, Toutanji H A et al. Behavior of concrete columns confining with fiber reinforced polymer tubes[J].ACI Materials Journal, 1999, 96(4):500-509
28 L.Lam and J. G.Teng. A New Stress-Strain Model For FRP-Confined Concrete [A]. J.G.Teng. FRP Composites in Civil Engineering[C]. Elsevier Service Ltd,2001,Vo1(I).283 -292.
29 Y. Xiao and H. Wu. Concrete Stub Columns Confined By Various Types of FRP Jackets[A]. J.-G.Teng.FRP Composites in Civil Engineering[C].Elsevier Service Ltd, 2001, Vo1(I) 293-300.
30 Harmon, T. G.., and Slattery, K. T.. Advanced composite confinement of concrete. AdvancedComposite Materials in Bridges and Structures (Edited by Neale, K. W., and Labossiere, P.), Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, 1992.
31 Karabinis, A. I., and Rousakis. T. C.. Concrete confined by FRP material: a plasticityapproach. Engineering Structures. 2002, 24: 923-932.
32肖岩,吴徵,陈宝春.碳纤维套箍约束混凝土的应力-应变关系[J].工程力学, 2002, 19(2):154-159.
33贾英明,程华.不同FRP约束混凝土圆柱轴心受压性能试验研究[J].工业建筑, 2002, 32(5):65-67.
34贾英明. FRP约束混凝土柱轴心受压性能试验研究[D].后勤工程学院硕士学位论文, 2002, 7:.15-23
35欧阳煌,黄奕辉,钱在兹等.玻璃纤维(GFRP)片材约束混凝土的受力性能分析.土木工程学报, 2004, 37 (3):26-34.
36李静,钱稼茹,蒋剑彪. CFRP约束混凝土应力应变全曲线研究.见:岳清瑞.第二届全国土木工程用纤维增强复合材料(FRP)应用技术学术交流会论文集[C].北京:清华大学出版社, 2002:157-163.
37赵彤,谢剑.碳纤维布补强加固混凝土结构新技术[M].天津大学出版社, 2001, 8:5-150.
38 Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani M R, Jin L. Seismic retrofitting of rectangular bridge columns with composite straps. Earthquake Spectra. May 1997, Vol.13, No.2:281-304
39 Hamid Saadatmanesh. Repair of Earthquake-Damaged RC Columns with FRP Wraps, ACI Structural Journal. March-April 1997, 206-215
40杨剑.碳纤维布加固混凝土柱的试验研究与数值模拟.河海大学硕士论文. 2005, 12:3-4.
41赵彤,谢剑,戴自强.碳纤维布约束混凝土应力-应变全曲线的试验研究[J].建筑结构, 2000, 30(7):40-43.
42赵彤,谢剑,刘明国.碳纤维布改善高强混凝土性能的研究[J].工业建筑, 2001, 31(3):42-44.
43赵彤,谢剑.碳纤维布加固混凝土结构新技术[M].天津:天津大学出版社, 2001.
44张柯,岳清瑞,赵树红,叶列平.碳纤维布加固混凝土柱改善延性的试验研究[J],工业建筑2000, 30(2):237-241
45张柯,岳清瑞,叶列平碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能分析及目标延性系数确定[A],中国首届纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集[C]北京, 2000:227-232
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