FRP约束混凝土柱快速荷载下力学性能试验研究
摘要
近年来,纤维增强复合材料(简称FRP)优良的力学性能日益得到人们的关注,被广泛用于混凝土结构及其他结构的加固中,并寄期望应用于普通结构的抗震加固与防护结构的抗爆加固,而目前对其快速荷载下的力学性能研究较少。为此,本文共通过64根(25组)圆柱体试件分别对FRP约束混凝土的单调静力(0.00001/s)加载、单调快速(0.0149/s~0.357/s)加载和等幅多循环快速(0.0149/s)加载进行了试验研究和理论分析,并采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对GFRP约束混凝土进行了静力建模分析,模拟值和试验值吻合较好,从而对FRP约束混凝土静力和快速荷载下力学性能有了较为深入地了解。
FRP约束混凝土静载下极限强度较素混凝土显著提高,且随包裹层数的增多而基本呈线性增长,但随混凝土强度提高,极限强度提高幅度没有呈现逐渐增高的趋势,虽然各种强度下极限强度有不同程度的提高。且静载情况下,约束混凝土相对素混凝土极限应变有很大程度的提高,即延性有所改善,更有利于抗震加固。FRP约束混凝土在单调静力加载下强度提高其原因在于:FRP套箍对混凝土进行约束,迫使混凝土处于三向受压状态,从而达到提高混凝土强度的目的。
FRP约束混凝土快速加载下的极限强度随应变速率的增加而提高,与对数应变速率呈线性关系,其斜率α(极限强度的应变速率敏感性系数)与约束比ξ不呈线性关系,逐渐变缓。快速荷载下的极限应变随应变速率的增加而增大,亦大致与对数应变速率呈线性关系,其斜率β(极限应变的应变速率敏感性系数)大致与约束比ξ呈线性关系。FRP强约束混凝土在快速荷载作用下,其初始弹性模量与静载下基本相同,全过程应力应变曲线与静载下的双线性关系有较大区别,表现为明显的曲线特征。
FRP约束混凝土在较高应变幅值的等幅有限次快速重复加载作用下,其“抗力”与环线刚度衰减不大并有收敛趋势。经重复加载后的静力试验表明,应力应变曲线与静力单调加载有较大差别,尤其是强约束状态,初始弹性模量较大幅度的降低,存在线性化的趋势,但不影响其最终的静载强度,且极限应变有一定的提高。这些性能表明,将FRP约束混凝土应用于普通结构的抗震加固与防护结构的抗爆加固是完全可行的。
运用损伤理论分析了FRP约束混凝土快速单调加载和等幅多循环加载作用下的损伤过程及FRP约束混凝土的损伤机理,认为对FRP约束混凝土的分析应采用弹塑性损伤模型,该模型才能较好的描述其损伤演变过程。
运用ABAQUS有限元软件对FRP约束混凝土进行静力加载分析,试验值和模拟值吻合较好。
In recent years, the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) has been attracting people’s attention due to its excellent mechanics properties, It is widely used for the reinforcement of concrete structure and other structures. And it is expected to be used for blast-resistance retrofit of protective structure and seismic retrofit of the ordinary structure. However there are few researches about mechanical performance of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading. This paper aims to make people further understand the static performance and mechanical performance of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading. This paper mainly deals with the experiment research and theoretical analysis through 64 (25 sets) cylinderical columns testing under monotony quasi-static (0.00001/s) loading, monotony rapid (0.0149/s~0.357/s) loading, rapid (0.0149/s) repeated loading with equal strain amplitude. Also it adopts finite element software ABAQUS to conduct the static analysis of GFRP confined concrete. The simulation is as similar as the experiment ones.
Compared with plain concrete column, the ultimate strength of FRP confined concrete under quasi-static loading has improved significantly. And with increasing of packages, it presents a linear growth. with the improvement of the concrete strength, the ultimate strength did not show a trend to gradual increase, although under various intensities ultimate strength has improved to some extent. And under quasic-static conditions, ultimate strain of confined concrete has a considerable degree of increase comparing with plain concrete, that is the ductility have an improvement and be advantageous to an anti-earthquake. The reason of FRP confined concrete’s strength improvement lies in: FRP hoops restraint concrete and force concrete in three-dimensional compression conditions so as to improve the strength of concrete.
Ultimate strength of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading increases along with increasing of strain rate and has linear relationship with logarithmic strain rate, but the slopeα(which is defined strain rate susceptive coeffcient of ultimate strength on FRP confined concrete under rapid loading)has no linear relationship with constraint ratioξ, gradually converges. Ultimate strain of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading increases along with strain rate increasing and has linear relationship with logarithmic strain rate. The slopeβ(which is strain rate susceptive coefficient of ultimate strain on FRP confined under rapid loading)has linear relationship with constraint ratioξ. The original elastic modulus of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading is basically as same as the one under the condition of static loading.Stress-strain curve of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading shows clearly smooth curve character, and has obvious difference in comparison to coupled linear characteristic under quasi-static loading.
Under rapid repeated loading with lager amplitude,“Resistance”and round stiffness of FRP confined concrete reduces a little and gradually converges. After repeated loading quasi-static test of FRP confined concrete shows that the stress-strain curve is different from the one under monotony loading, its elastic modulus decreases much, especially for the FRP confined concrete,however this doesn’t influence on the ultimate strength, the ultimate strain increases. All this performance show that it is feasible to apply FRP confined concrete to the retrofit of blast-resistance protective structure and seismic retrofit of building structure.
Based on damage theory, this paper theoretically analyses the damage process and damage mechanism of FRP confined concrete under rapid and rapid repeated loading with lager amplitude. Through analysis we find that plasticity damage model should be used to the FRP confined concrete analysis, this model can be better used to describe the evolution of damage.
Using finite element software ABAQUS for FRP confined concrete for static loading analysis, the experimental value matches well with the simulation value.
FRP约束混凝土静载下极限强度较素混凝土显著提高,且随包裹层数的增多而基本呈线性增长,但随混凝土强度提高,极限强度提高幅度没有呈现逐渐增高的趋势,虽然各种强度下极限强度有不同程度的提高。且静载情况下,约束混凝土相对素混凝土极限应变有很大程度的提高,即延性有所改善,更有利于抗震加固。FRP约束混凝土在单调静力加载下强度提高其原因在于:FRP套箍对混凝土进行约束,迫使混凝土处于三向受压状态,从而达到提高混凝土强度的目的。
FRP约束混凝土快速加载下的极限强度随应变速率的增加而提高,与对数应变速率呈线性关系,其斜率α(极限强度的应变速率敏感性系数)与约束比ξ不呈线性关系,逐渐变缓。快速荷载下的极限应变随应变速率的增加而增大,亦大致与对数应变速率呈线性关系,其斜率β(极限应变的应变速率敏感性系数)大致与约束比ξ呈线性关系。FRP强约束混凝土在快速荷载作用下,其初始弹性模量与静载下基本相同,全过程应力应变曲线与静载下的双线性关系有较大区别,表现为明显的曲线特征。
FRP约束混凝土在较高应变幅值的等幅有限次快速重复加载作用下,其“抗力”与环线刚度衰减不大并有收敛趋势。经重复加载后的静力试验表明,应力应变曲线与静力单调加载有较大差别,尤其是强约束状态,初始弹性模量较大幅度的降低,存在线性化的趋势,但不影响其最终的静载强度,且极限应变有一定的提高。这些性能表明,将FRP约束混凝土应用于普通结构的抗震加固与防护结构的抗爆加固是完全可行的。
运用损伤理论分析了FRP约束混凝土快速单调加载和等幅多循环加载作用下的损伤过程及FRP约束混凝土的损伤机理,认为对FRP约束混凝土的分析应采用弹塑性损伤模型,该模型才能较好的描述其损伤演变过程。
运用ABAQUS有限元软件对FRP约束混凝土进行静力加载分析,试验值和模拟值吻合较好。
In recent years, the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) has been attracting people’s attention due to its excellent mechanics properties, It is widely used for the reinforcement of concrete structure and other structures. And it is expected to be used for blast-resistance retrofit of protective structure and seismic retrofit of the ordinary structure. However there are few researches about mechanical performance of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading. This paper aims to make people further understand the static performance and mechanical performance of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading. This paper mainly deals with the experiment research and theoretical analysis through 64 (25 sets) cylinderical columns testing under monotony quasi-static (0.00001/s) loading, monotony rapid (0.0149/s~0.357/s) loading, rapid (0.0149/s) repeated loading with equal strain amplitude. Also it adopts finite element software ABAQUS to conduct the static analysis of GFRP confined concrete. The simulation is as similar as the experiment ones.
Compared with plain concrete column, the ultimate strength of FRP confined concrete under quasi-static loading has improved significantly. And with increasing of packages, it presents a linear growth. with the improvement of the concrete strength, the ultimate strength did not show a trend to gradual increase, although under various intensities ultimate strength has improved to some extent. And under quasic-static conditions, ultimate strain of confined concrete has a considerable degree of increase comparing with plain concrete, that is the ductility have an improvement and be advantageous to an anti-earthquake. The reason of FRP confined concrete’s strength improvement lies in: FRP hoops restraint concrete and force concrete in three-dimensional compression conditions so as to improve the strength of concrete.
Ultimate strength of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading increases along with increasing of strain rate and has linear relationship with logarithmic strain rate, but the slopeα(which is defined strain rate susceptive coeffcient of ultimate strength on FRP confined concrete under rapid loading)has no linear relationship with constraint ratioξ, gradually converges. Ultimate strain of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading increases along with strain rate increasing and has linear relationship with logarithmic strain rate. The slopeβ(which is strain rate susceptive coefficient of ultimate strain on FRP confined under rapid loading)has linear relationship with constraint ratioξ. The original elastic modulus of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading is basically as same as the one under the condition of static loading.Stress-strain curve of FRP confined concrete under rapid loading shows clearly smooth curve character, and has obvious difference in comparison to coupled linear characteristic under quasi-static loading.
Under rapid repeated loading with lager amplitude,“Resistance”and round stiffness of FRP confined concrete reduces a little and gradually converges. After repeated loading quasi-static test of FRP confined concrete shows that the stress-strain curve is different from the one under monotony loading, its elastic modulus decreases much, especially for the FRP confined concrete,however this doesn’t influence on the ultimate strength, the ultimate strain increases. All this performance show that it is feasible to apply FRP confined concrete to the retrofit of blast-resistance protective structure and seismic retrofit of building structure.
Based on damage theory, this paper theoretically analyses the damage process and damage mechanism of FRP confined concrete under rapid and rapid repeated loading with lager amplitude. Through analysis we find that plasticity damage model should be used to the FRP confined concrete analysis, this model can be better used to describe the evolution of damage.
Using finite element software ABAQUS for FRP confined concrete for static loading analysis, the experimental value matches well with the simulation value.
引文
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