永定河流域洪水调度问题的研究
摘要
永定河是全国四大重点防洪河道之一,素有“不定河”、“小黄河”之称,洪水来得快,预见期短,含沙量大,地形坡度陡,洪水对下游威胁极大,历来是海河流域防洪的重点和难点,天津地处海河流域下游,永定河末端,防汛形势更为严峻。
通过科学、优化调度等非工程措施使防汛工程措施发挥最大效益、洪水灾害损失最小化,是当代水利发展的正确决策。本文利用永定河泛区洪水预报调度模型系统软件,针对1999年以来河道工程建设情况的变化及调度方案的变化,从非工程措施方面对永定河的洪水调度问题进行了研究,得出以下主要研究成果:
(1)当天堂河、龙河、北京排污河、潮白新河四条支流恒定入汇,永定新河不分洪,通过北运河控泄,永定新河可使10年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
(2)当天堂河、龙河、北京排污河、潮白新河四条支流恒定入汇,通过北运河、永定新河28+082口门(只用西七里海)分洪,永定新河可使20年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
(3)当天堂河、龙河、北京排污河、潮白新河四条支流恒定入汇,通过北运河、永定新河28+082、22+200口门(西七里海、淀北联用)分洪,永定新河可使50年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
(4)当天堂河、龙河、北京排污河恒定入汇,永定新河不分洪,通过北运河控泄,永定新河可使50年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
(5)当天堂河、龙河恒定入汇,永定新河不分洪,通过北运河控泄,永定新河可使100年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
Yongding River is one of the four important flood control rivers in China, which wasnamed “Movable River”or “Small Yellow River”. The floodwater of this river comes fast,the forecast period is relatively very short, has a huge sediment concentration, the landconfigration is quite steep. The floodwater has a great menace to downstream, which wasthe important and difficult point of flood control in Haihe Water Basin. Tianjin City islocated in the downstream of Haihe River Water Basin as well as the end of the YongdingRiver;therefore the flood control situation is more difficult.
It is the wise desion that the flood control engineerings could have been made the bestbenefit and the losts of floodwater have been diminized throuth non-engineering measuressuch as scientific and optimizate dispatching. This thesis makes use of the Yongding RiverFlood Basin Floodwater Forecast and Diversion Model System Soft. According to thechanges of engineering constructions and diversion of floodwater since 1999, it studies thediversion methods of floodwater through non-engineering measures. The results have beenmade as follows:
1. Four branch rivers(Tiantanghe River, Longhe River, Beijingpaiwuhe River andChaobaixinhe River) flow into Yongding River steadily and Yongding New River flood isnot diverted, through controlling flood by Beiyunhe River. The ten-year flood in YongdingNew River can get through the flood diversion works safely.
2. Four branch rivers flow into Yongding River steadily and Yongding New Riverflood is diverted through Beiyunhe River and 28+082 works (only Western Qilihe floodbasin) along Yongding New River bank. The twenty-year flood in Yongding New Rivercan get through the flood diversion works safely.
3. Four branch rivers flow into Yongding River steadily and Yongding New Riverflood is diverted through Beiyunhe River and 28+082、 22+200works (Western Qilihe andDianbei flood basins are used together) along Yongding New River bank. The fifty-yearflood in Yongding New River can get through the flood diversion works safely.
4. Tiantanghe River, Longhe River and Beijingpaiwuhe River flow into YongdingRiver steadily and Yongding New River flood is not diverted, through controlling flood byBeiyunhe River. The fifty-year flood in Yongding New River can get through the flooddiversion works safely.
5. Tiantanghe River, Longhe River flow into Yongding River steadily and YongdingNew River flood is not diverted, through controlling flood by Beiyunhe River. Thefifty-year flood in Yongding New River can get through the flood diversion works safely.
通过科学、优化调度等非工程措施使防汛工程措施发挥最大效益、洪水灾害损失最小化,是当代水利发展的正确决策。本文利用永定河泛区洪水预报调度模型系统软件,针对1999年以来河道工程建设情况的变化及调度方案的变化,从非工程措施方面对永定河的洪水调度问题进行了研究,得出以下主要研究成果:
(1)当天堂河、龙河、北京排污河、潮白新河四条支流恒定入汇,永定新河不分洪,通过北运河控泄,永定新河可使10年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
(2)当天堂河、龙河、北京排污河、潮白新河四条支流恒定入汇,通过北运河、永定新河28+082口门(只用西七里海)分洪,永定新河可使20年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
(3)当天堂河、龙河、北京排污河、潮白新河四条支流恒定入汇,通过北运河、永定新河28+082、22+200口门(西七里海、淀北联用)分洪,永定新河可使50年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
(4)当天堂河、龙河、北京排污河恒定入汇,永定新河不分洪,通过北运河控泄,永定新河可使50年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
(5)当天堂河、龙河恒定入汇,永定新河不分洪,通过北运河控泄,永定新河可使100年一遇洪水安全通过分洪口门。
Yongding River is one of the four important flood control rivers in China, which wasnamed “Movable River”or “Small Yellow River”. The floodwater of this river comes fast,the forecast period is relatively very short, has a huge sediment concentration, the landconfigration is quite steep. The floodwater has a great menace to downstream, which wasthe important and difficult point of flood control in Haihe Water Basin. Tianjin City islocated in the downstream of Haihe River Water Basin as well as the end of the YongdingRiver;therefore the flood control situation is more difficult.
It is the wise desion that the flood control engineerings could have been made the bestbenefit and the losts of floodwater have been diminized throuth non-engineering measuressuch as scientific and optimizate dispatching. This thesis makes use of the Yongding RiverFlood Basin Floodwater Forecast and Diversion Model System Soft. According to thechanges of engineering constructions and diversion of floodwater since 1999, it studies thediversion methods of floodwater through non-engineering measures. The results have beenmade as follows:
1. Four branch rivers(Tiantanghe River, Longhe River, Beijingpaiwuhe River andChaobaixinhe River) flow into Yongding River steadily and Yongding New River flood isnot diverted, through controlling flood by Beiyunhe River. The ten-year flood in YongdingNew River can get through the flood diversion works safely.
2. Four branch rivers flow into Yongding River steadily and Yongding New Riverflood is diverted through Beiyunhe River and 28+082 works (only Western Qilihe floodbasin) along Yongding New River bank. The twenty-year flood in Yongding New Rivercan get through the flood diversion works safely.
3. Four branch rivers flow into Yongding River steadily and Yongding New Riverflood is diverted through Beiyunhe River and 28+082、 22+200works (Western Qilihe andDianbei flood basins are used together) along Yongding New River bank. The fifty-yearflood in Yongding New River can get through the flood diversion works safely.
4. Tiantanghe River, Longhe River and Beijingpaiwuhe River flow into YongdingRiver steadily and Yongding New River flood is not diverted, through controlling flood byBeiyunhe River. The fifty-year flood in Yongding New River can get through the flooddiversion works safely.
5. Tiantanghe River, Longhe River flow into Yongding River steadily and YongdingNew River flood is not diverted, through controlling flood by Beiyunhe River. Thefifty-year flood in Yongding New River can get through the flood diversion works safely.
引文
[1] 李义天等,洞庭湖分蓄洪区调度运用数学模型研究报告,武汉水利电力大学,1997年8月
[2] 李义天,河网非恒定流隐式方程组的汊点分组解法,水利学报,1997年3月
[3] 大清河、永定河下游地区超标准洪水安排规划,水利部天津水利水电勘测设计研究院,1997年2月
[4] 大清河、永定河下游地区超标准洪水安排规划附件 2-数学模型研究报告,河海大学水资源水文系,水利部天津水利水电勘测设计研究院
[5] 王喜诚等,永定河泛区洪水预报与调度方案研究报告,河北省水文水资源勘测局,廊坊市水文水资源勘测局,1999年10月
[6] 周潮洪等,天津市蓄滞洪区不同蓄滞洪水位下面积蓄量及淹没损失研究,天津市水利科学研究所,1998年12月
[7] 周雪漪,计算水力学,清华大学出版社,1995年
[8] 程文辉,王船海,用正交曲线网格及“冻结”法计算河道流速场,水利学报,1988年6月
[9] 永定河防汛调度系统的建立与应用技术报告,天津市水利科学研究所,天津市水利局水源调度处,2001年5月
[10] 永定新河2004年应急度汛清淤工程初步设计报告,天津市水利勘测设计院,2004年3月
[11] 永定新河右堤2004年应急加固工程初步设计报告,天津市水利勘测设计院,2004年3月
[12] 永定新河右堤治理工程2000年实施方案,天津市水利勘测设计院,2000年4月
[13] 永定新河右堤应急加固工程2001年实施方案,天津市水利勘测设计院,2001年4月
[14] 《国务院关于永定河防御洪水方案的批复》,国务院国函[2003]91号
[15] 王燕生,工程水文学P270,中国水利水电出版社,1992年
[16] 刘光文,水文分析与计算P64,河海大学,1994年
[17] 《关于永定河洪水调度方案的批复》,国汛[2004]7号
[18] 永定新河右堤2004年应急加固工程初步设计报告,天津市水利勘测设计院,2004年4月
[19] 天津水利志(第三编 河流),《天津水利志》编委会,1995年3月
[20] 海河流域综合规划,水利部海河水利委员会,1996年10月
[21] 吴持恭,水力学(上、下册),高等教育出版社,1993年4月
[22] 何少华,叶守泽,洪水预报联合实时校正方法研究,水力发电学报,1996年1期
[23] 胡兴林,畅俊杰等,考虑区间正负入流量的自适应洪水预报模型,水文,2003年第3期
[24] Mahmood K.Yevjerich V. Unsteady Flow in Open Channels[M].Water Resourods Publications,1975
[25] Feng Ping . Method of Flood Routing for Mult-branch Rivers . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering.ASCE.1999,125(3):271-276
[26] Cunge J A.On then subject of flood propagation computation method (Muskingum method) . Journal Hydraul Res, 1969,7(2):205-230
[27] 王新宏,张强,杨方社. Preissmann隐式差分格式在渭河下游洪水演进计算中的应用.西北水利发电,2000年第1期
[28] 姜志群,王佩兰.河道洪水演进有限差分模型糙率系数的率定.水文,1996年第6期
[29] 程进豪,安连华,王华.黄河山东段河床糙率分析.水利学报,1997 年第1 期
[30] 齐春英,刘克岩.沿程渗漏河道的洪水流量演算模型.水文,1997第6期
[31] 赖良魁. 河网水力数值模拟的追赶法模型的应用. 东北水利水电,2001第10期
[2] 李义天,河网非恒定流隐式方程组的汊点分组解法,水利学报,1997年3月
[3] 大清河、永定河下游地区超标准洪水安排规划,水利部天津水利水电勘测设计研究院,1997年2月
[4] 大清河、永定河下游地区超标准洪水安排规划附件 2-数学模型研究报告,河海大学水资源水文系,水利部天津水利水电勘测设计研究院
[5] 王喜诚等,永定河泛区洪水预报与调度方案研究报告,河北省水文水资源勘测局,廊坊市水文水资源勘测局,1999年10月
[6] 周潮洪等,天津市蓄滞洪区不同蓄滞洪水位下面积蓄量及淹没损失研究,天津市水利科学研究所,1998年12月
[7] 周雪漪,计算水力学,清华大学出版社,1995年
[8] 程文辉,王船海,用正交曲线网格及“冻结”法计算河道流速场,水利学报,1988年6月
[9] 永定河防汛调度系统的建立与应用技术报告,天津市水利科学研究所,天津市水利局水源调度处,2001年5月
[10] 永定新河2004年应急度汛清淤工程初步设计报告,天津市水利勘测设计院,2004年3月
[11] 永定新河右堤2004年应急加固工程初步设计报告,天津市水利勘测设计院,2004年3月
[12] 永定新河右堤治理工程2000年实施方案,天津市水利勘测设计院,2000年4月
[13] 永定新河右堤应急加固工程2001年实施方案,天津市水利勘测设计院,2001年4月
[14] 《国务院关于永定河防御洪水方案的批复》,国务院国函[2003]91号
[15] 王燕生,工程水文学P270,中国水利水电出版社,1992年
[16] 刘光文,水文分析与计算P64,河海大学,1994年
[17] 《关于永定河洪水调度方案的批复》,国汛[2004]7号
[18] 永定新河右堤2004年应急加固工程初步设计报告,天津市水利勘测设计院,2004年4月
[19] 天津水利志(第三编 河流),《天津水利志》编委会,1995年3月
[20] 海河流域综合规划,水利部海河水利委员会,1996年10月
[21] 吴持恭,水力学(上、下册),高等教育出版社,1993年4月
[22] 何少华,叶守泽,洪水预报联合实时校正方法研究,水力发电学报,1996年1期
[23] 胡兴林,畅俊杰等,考虑区间正负入流量的自适应洪水预报模型,水文,2003年第3期
[24] Mahmood K.Yevjerich V. Unsteady Flow in Open Channels[M].Water Resourods Publications,1975
[25] Feng Ping . Method of Flood Routing for Mult-branch Rivers . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering.ASCE.1999,125(3):271-276
[26] Cunge J A.On then subject of flood propagation computation method (Muskingum method) . Journal Hydraul Res, 1969,7(2):205-230
[27] 王新宏,张强,杨方社. Preissmann隐式差分格式在渭河下游洪水演进计算中的应用.西北水利发电,2000年第1期
[28] 姜志群,王佩兰.河道洪水演进有限差分模型糙率系数的率定.水文,1996年第6期
[29] 程进豪,安连华,王华.黄河山东段河床糙率分析.水利学报,1997 年第1 期
[30] 齐春英,刘克岩.沿程渗漏河道的洪水流量演算模型.水文,1997第6期
[31] 赖良魁. 河网水力数值模拟的追赶法模型的应用. 东北水利水电,2001第10期