伺服压力机的控制系统研究
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摘要
压力机是制造业的重要装备之一,它更是现代信息产品、机械、电子、仪器等行业中的主要成形装备。传统压力机具有工艺可能性小、结构复杂、制造困难等缺点,随着机械加工领域的发展和成形工艺的提高,压力机的研制正向着高效率、高精度、高加工质量和柔性制造方向发展。伺服压力机结合传统压力机易操作、工作稳定等优点,充分利用伺服电机的可控性和数字化,大大提高了压力机的自动化、柔性化和加工范围。
本论文从现有的传统机械压力机设备入手,分析其现存的不足,用伺服电机直接驱动压力机进行大型伺服压力的研究。一方面,现有压力机设备由机械传动控制,结构复杂、效率不高、灵敏度差；另一方面,伺服电机具有稳定可靠、动作灵敏、精度高等优点,选择用伺服电机代替普通电机对压力机进行驱动控制,通过对伺服控制系统的研究,将伺服电机技术与数控技术结合研制出高效可行的大型伺服压力机,同时结合仿真软件对滑块运动性能进行了分析,突出了虚拟设计的优势。本文对大型伺服电机的研制进行了探索,达到了预期目的,为伺服压力机的进一步发展提供了理论和实际依据。
伺服压力机作为一种新型压力机具有良好的可控性,满足了高效率、高精度、高柔性的加工要求,扩大了加工范围和加工工艺,提高了冲压件的质量,是压力机发展的主要趋势。伺服压力机的研制促进了压力机行业的进一步发展,增强了制造业的市场竞争力,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。
The press is one of the important manufacturing equipments, which is the main equipment in information products, electronic machinery, motor vehicles, and other industry. Traditional press has the small craft possibility, complicated structure, and manufacturing. Along with the development of mechanical processing field and the improvement of forming process, the press-research is toward efficient machine, high precision, high processing quality and flexible manufacturing. Servo press combines the easy operation, low cost and stable work of tradition, making full use of advantages of control and digital of servo motor, greatly improving the automation, flexibility and processing range of press.
This paper from the existing traditional mechanical press equipment, combined with its existing shortage, and puts forward the different idea of press driven directly. On the one hand, the existing mechanical driven-press has complex equipment structure and poor efficiency and sensitivity; on the other hand, servo motor is stable and reliable, and has the advantages of quick action and high precision. Choose to use servo motor instead of mechanical transmission to drive the slider of press. Through the research of servo-control-system, determine the appropriate servo system and control-scheme. According to the control-system-scheme to attain the correct electrical system and choose the appropriate electronic devices to develop a feasible servo press. This paper explores the development of the large servo press and reaching the expected purpose, provides a theoretical and practical basis for the further development of the servo press.
As a new type press, servo press has good control and meets the high efficiency, high precision, high flexible processing requirements and expands processing range and processing technology, improving the quality of the stamping press, the research of servo press is the main trend of development of press. Servo press has been developed to promote the further development of the industry. And enhance the manufacturing market competitiveness, and has achieved good economic and social benefit.
本论文从现有的传统机械压力机设备入手,分析其现存的不足,用伺服电机直接驱动压力机进行大型伺服压力的研究。一方面,现有压力机设备由机械传动控制,结构复杂、效率不高、灵敏度差；另一方面,伺服电机具有稳定可靠、动作灵敏、精度高等优点,选择用伺服电机代替普通电机对压力机进行驱动控制,通过对伺服控制系统的研究,将伺服电机技术与数控技术结合研制出高效可行的大型伺服压力机,同时结合仿真软件对滑块运动性能进行了分析,突出了虚拟设计的优势。本文对大型伺服电机的研制进行了探索,达到了预期目的,为伺服压力机的进一步发展提供了理论和实际依据。
伺服压力机作为一种新型压力机具有良好的可控性,满足了高效率、高精度、高柔性的加工要求,扩大了加工范围和加工工艺,提高了冲压件的质量,是压力机发展的主要趋势。伺服压力机的研制促进了压力机行业的进一步发展,增强了制造业的市场竞争力,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。
The press is one of the important manufacturing equipments, which is the main equipment in information products, electronic machinery, motor vehicles, and other industry. Traditional press has the small craft possibility, complicated structure, and manufacturing. Along with the development of mechanical processing field and the improvement of forming process, the press-research is toward efficient machine, high precision, high processing quality and flexible manufacturing. Servo press combines the easy operation, low cost and stable work of tradition, making full use of advantages of control and digital of servo motor, greatly improving the automation, flexibility and processing range of press.
This paper from the existing traditional mechanical press equipment, combined with its existing shortage, and puts forward the different idea of press driven directly. On the one hand, the existing mechanical driven-press has complex equipment structure and poor efficiency and sensitivity; on the other hand, servo motor is stable and reliable, and has the advantages of quick action and high precision. Choose to use servo motor instead of mechanical transmission to drive the slider of press. Through the research of servo-control-system, determine the appropriate servo system and control-scheme. According to the control-system-scheme to attain the correct electrical system and choose the appropriate electronic devices to develop a feasible servo press. This paper explores the development of the large servo press and reaching the expected purpose, provides a theoretical and practical basis for the further development of the servo press.
As a new type press, servo press has good control and meets the high efficiency, high precision, high flexible processing requirements and expands processing range and processing technology, improving the quality of the stamping press, the research of servo press is the main trend of development of press. Servo press has been developed to promote the further development of the industry. And enhance the manufacturing market competitiveness, and has achieved good economic and social benefit.
引文
1.于涛,范云霄.数字控制技术与数控机床[M].北京：中国计量出版社,2004.
2.葛正浩ADAMS2007虚拟样机技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2010.
3.何德誉.专用压力机[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1989.
4.盛晓敏,邓朝晖.先进制造技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
5.邢启恩.Solidworks2007装配体设计与案例精粹[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006.
6.陈文华等.ADAMS2007机构设计与分析范例[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2009.
7.孙凤勤.冲压与塑压设备[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002.
8.范宏才等.现代锻压机械[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1994
9.孙友松等.交流伺服压力机及其关键技术[J].锻压技术,2008,(4)：1-8.
10.李永堂等.锻压设备理论与控制[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2005.
11.任艺,王冬梅.数控技术的发展[J].科技资讯,2009,(18)：8
12.张占龙等.虚拟现实技术概述[J].计算机仿真,2005,22(3)：1-3.
13.刘爽.数控技术的发展与应用[J].化学工程与装备,2010,(10)：147-148.
14.杨建武.国内外数控技术的发展现状与趋势[J].制造技术与机床,2008,(12)：57-62.
15.张小兵.数控技术发展趋势探讨[J].机电技术,2008,(2)：88-90.
16.卢胜利等,现代数控系统[M],北京：机械工业出版社发行,2006年5月.
17.张建生等,数控系统应用及开发[M],北京：科学出版社发行,2006年9月.
18.富大伟等.数控系统[M],北京：化学工业出版社发行,2005年9月.
19.李增刚.ADAMDS入门详解与实例.北京：国防工业出版社,2009年8月.
20.陈德民等.ADAMS2005/2007虚拟样机技术.北京：化学工业出版社,2010年2月.
21.钱功.伺服开式压力机的设计验证[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2008,(11)：27-30.
22.张元通,朱灯林.机械压力机肘杆传动机构的优化设计[J].机械电子,2008,(01).
23.刘扬.伺服电机驱动的电机及机电液一体化压力机研究[D].苏州大学,2010.
24.郑子文.超精密机床伺服控制技术研究[D].国防科学技术大学,2001.
25. Study on the cross Coupling Control of the Contour Error [A], Proceeding of the Second Asia International Symposium on Mechatronics [C].2006.
26.胡伟伟.机械压力机参数化设计的研究[D].南京理工大学,2009
27. Omid Banyasad. Philip T Cox. Intergrating design synthesis and assembly of structured objects in a visual design language[J]. Theory and Practice of Logic Programming,2005, (5):601-615.
28. Hoffman C M, Kim K J. Towards valid parametric CAD models. Computer Aided Design, 2001,33 (1):81-85
29.付继祥.双肘杆伺服压力机样机设计与动态性能分析[D].上海交通大学,2009.
30.彭向阳.浅谈多连杆压力机[J].锻压机械,1998,(02).
31. Yan, H.S. Chen Weiren.On the Output Motion Characteristics of Variable Input Speed Servo-controlled Slider-crank Mechanisms. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2000, 35:541-561.
32.雷小宝.新型数字化压力机的研制[D].合肥工业大学,2007.
33.张宪栋.机床结构动态性能分析与设计的应用研究[D].天津大学,2005.
34.赵升吨等.高速压力机的现状及发展趋势[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2005,(01).
35.李林.基于伺服电机直接驱动的压力机控制系统的研究[D].南京理工大学,2006.
36.魏良模等.变速驱动曲柄压力机运动分析[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2004,(03).
37.徐大任.AC伺服冲压机及应用[J].机械工人,2005,(05).
38.冯清华.伺服电机运动控制器的研制[D].西安理工大学,2004.
39. Hongjun Jeon,Dirk Grunwald. Design of servo control systems with quadratic optimal control and observed-state feedback control for mems-based storage device[J]. Microsystem Technologies,2005,11(8-10).
40.马秀舫.一种可控机械压力机的设计[D].燕山大学,2006.
41.宋晓华.机械压力机运动学仿真分析和虚拟样机研究[D].浙江工业大学,2005.
42. Ting K.L., Mobility Criteria of Single Loop N-bar Linkage. Journal of Mechanisms, Transmission, and Automation in Design.2002, Vol.Ⅲ:504-507.
43. Ting K.L.,Mobility Criteria of Geared Five-Bar Linkages, Mech. Mach.Theory,2001,29 (2):251-264.
44. Tokuz L.C., A Design Guide for Hybrid Machine Applications, Tr.J.of Engineeringand Environment Sciences,1997, (21):1-11
45. Ali Kirecci, L. Canan Dulger, A study on a hybrid actuator[J], Mechanism Machine Theory. 2000,35(2):1141-1149.
46. Frank Bokulish. CAD Software Integration[J], Automotive Engineering International, 1999, (4):52～64
47. Sehyun Myung, Soonhung Han. Knowledge-based Parametric Design of Mechanical Products Based on Configuration Design Method[J], Expert Systems with Applications,2001, 21(2):99～107
48. Li Baofu, Liu Jin. Detail Feature Recognition and Decomposition in Solid Model[J], Computer Aided Design,2002,34(5):405～414
49. S.Yossifon, R.Shivpuri. Optimization of a double knuckle linkage drive with constant mechanical advantage for mechanical press[J]. International Journal of Machinery Tool Manufacture,1993,(2):193-208.
50. Frank Bokulish. CAD Software Integration[J], Automotive Engineering International, 1999, (4):52～64
51.李军等ADAMS实例教程[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2002年7月.
52.邓星钟.机电传动控制[M].武汉：华中科技大学出版社,2001年3月.
2.葛正浩ADAMS2007虚拟样机技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2010.
3.何德誉.专用压力机[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1989.
4.盛晓敏,邓朝晖.先进制造技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
5.邢启恩.Solidworks2007装配体设计与案例精粹[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006.
6.陈文华等.ADAMS2007机构设计与分析范例[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2009.
7.孙凤勤.冲压与塑压设备[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002.
8.范宏才等.现代锻压机械[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1994
9.孙友松等.交流伺服压力机及其关键技术[J].锻压技术,2008,(4)：1-8.
10.李永堂等.锻压设备理论与控制[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2005.
11.任艺,王冬梅.数控技术的发展[J].科技资讯,2009,(18)：8
12.张占龙等.虚拟现实技术概述[J].计算机仿真,2005,22(3)：1-3.
13.刘爽.数控技术的发展与应用[J].化学工程与装备,2010,(10)：147-148.
14.杨建武.国内外数控技术的发展现状与趋势[J].制造技术与机床,2008,(12)：57-62.
15.张小兵.数控技术发展趋势探讨[J].机电技术,2008,(2)：88-90.
16.卢胜利等,现代数控系统[M],北京：机械工业出版社发行,2006年5月.
17.张建生等,数控系统应用及开发[M],北京：科学出版社发行,2006年9月.
18.富大伟等.数控系统[M],北京：化学工业出版社发行,2005年9月.
19.李增刚.ADAMDS入门详解与实例.北京：国防工业出版社,2009年8月.
20.陈德民等.ADAMS2005/2007虚拟样机技术.北京：化学工业出版社,2010年2月.
21.钱功.伺服开式压力机的设计验证[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2008,(11)：27-30.
22.张元通,朱灯林.机械压力机肘杆传动机构的优化设计[J].机械电子,2008,(01).
23.刘扬.伺服电机驱动的电机及机电液一体化压力机研究[D].苏州大学,2010.
24.郑子文.超精密机床伺服控制技术研究[D].国防科学技术大学,2001.
25. Study on the cross Coupling Control of the Contour Error [A], Proceeding of the Second Asia International Symposium on Mechatronics [C].2006.
26.胡伟伟.机械压力机参数化设计的研究[D].南京理工大学,2009
27. Omid Banyasad. Philip T Cox. Intergrating design synthesis and assembly of structured objects in a visual design language[J]. Theory and Practice of Logic Programming,2005, (5):601-615.
28. Hoffman C M, Kim K J. Towards valid parametric CAD models. Computer Aided Design, 2001,33 (1):81-85
29.付继祥.双肘杆伺服压力机样机设计与动态性能分析[D].上海交通大学,2009.
30.彭向阳.浅谈多连杆压力机[J].锻压机械,1998,(02).
31. Yan, H.S. Chen Weiren.On the Output Motion Characteristics of Variable Input Speed Servo-controlled Slider-crank Mechanisms. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2000, 35:541-561.
32.雷小宝.新型数字化压力机的研制[D].合肥工业大学,2007.
33.张宪栋.机床结构动态性能分析与设计的应用研究[D].天津大学,2005.
34.赵升吨等.高速压力机的现状及发展趋势[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2005,(01).
35.李林.基于伺服电机直接驱动的压力机控制系统的研究[D].南京理工大学,2006.
36.魏良模等.变速驱动曲柄压力机运动分析[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2004,(03).
37.徐大任.AC伺服冲压机及应用[J].机械工人,2005,(05).
38.冯清华.伺服电机运动控制器的研制[D].西安理工大学,2004.
39. Hongjun Jeon,Dirk Grunwald. Design of servo control systems with quadratic optimal control and observed-state feedback control for mems-based storage device[J]. Microsystem Technologies,2005,11(8-10).
40.马秀舫.一种可控机械压力机的设计[D].燕山大学,2006.
41.宋晓华.机械压力机运动学仿真分析和虚拟样机研究[D].浙江工业大学,2005.
42. Ting K.L., Mobility Criteria of Single Loop N-bar Linkage. Journal of Mechanisms, Transmission, and Automation in Design.2002, Vol.Ⅲ:504-507.
43. Ting K.L.,Mobility Criteria of Geared Five-Bar Linkages, Mech. Mach.Theory,2001,29 (2):251-264.
44. Tokuz L.C., A Design Guide for Hybrid Machine Applications, Tr.J.of Engineeringand Environment Sciences,1997, (21):1-11
45. Ali Kirecci, L. Canan Dulger, A study on a hybrid actuator[J], Mechanism Machine Theory. 2000,35(2):1141-1149.
46. Frank Bokulish. CAD Software Integration[J], Automotive Engineering International, 1999, (4):52～64
47. Sehyun Myung, Soonhung Han. Knowledge-based Parametric Design of Mechanical Products Based on Configuration Design Method[J], Expert Systems with Applications,2001, 21(2):99～107
48. Li Baofu, Liu Jin. Detail Feature Recognition and Decomposition in Solid Model[J], Computer Aided Design,2002,34(5):405～414
49. S.Yossifon, R.Shivpuri. Optimization of a double knuckle linkage drive with constant mechanical advantage for mechanical press[J]. International Journal of Machinery Tool Manufacture,1993,(2):193-208.
50. Frank Bokulish. CAD Software Integration[J], Automotive Engineering International, 1999, (4):52～64
51.李军等ADAMS实例教程[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2002年7月.
52.邓星钟.机电传动控制[M].武汉：华中科技大学出版社,2001年3月.
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