竖向荷载对高层建筑结构侧向变形影响研究
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摘要
随着研究工作的深入开展,高层建筑结构侧向变形的计算与控制越来越受到重视。然而,目前许多商用软件在计算混凝土高层建筑结构侧向变形时,忽视了竖向荷载对侧向变形的影响,或者只考虑了竖向荷载对结构侧向变形的不利影响(如P-Δ效应),对于竖向荷载可能限制竖向受力构件的裂缝开展,从而使其截面刚度比不考虑竖向荷载时大,侧向变形有可能比不考虑竖向荷载时小的情况却考虑不够。因此,计算出的侧向变形值有可能不够准确,影响了需要用侧向变形进行控制的设计。
本文在查阅了大量文献资料的基础上,针对竖向荷载对高层建筑结构侧向变形的影响问题进行了研究,取得了以下主要成果:
(1)完成了10根钢筋混凝土悬臂柱的试验,比较了有竖向荷载作用和无竖向荷载作用时侧向变形的变化,为本研究奠定了基础。
(2)提出了钢筋混凝土压弯构件截面刚度的简化计算公式,反应了竖向荷载大小对钢筋混凝土压弯构件截面刚度的影响。
(3)采用建议的钢筋混凝土压弯构件截面刚度的简化计算公式对钢筋混凝土柱的侧向变形进行了分析,计算值与试验结果吻合较好,并将其运用于重力二阶效应的简化计算。
(4)根据王传志推荐的公式和国内外的试验结果,提出了钢筋混凝土竖向受力构件考虑竖向荷载影响的截面刚度理论简化计算公式和钢筋混凝土柱考虑竖向荷载作用时侧向变形的计算方法。
(5)研究了竖向荷载对钢筋混凝土框架结构侧向变形的影响,得到了不同竖向荷载作用下楼层侧向变形的曲线特征,比较了不同参数对竖向荷载作用下侧向变形的影响程度。
(6)探讨了竖向荷载对钢筋混凝土框架-剪力墙结构侧向变形的影响,建立了适宜的等代柱计算模型,考虑了剪力墙剪切变形的影响,对比了墙元模型和等代柱模型的计算结果。
(7)分析了竖向荷载对钢筋混凝土框支剪力墙结构侧向变形的影响,总结了等代柱计算模型的优缺点,提出了适合于钢筋混凝土框支剪力墙结构的等代柱计算模型,考虑了剪力墙剪切变形和转换梁剪切变形的影响,比较了按等代柱模型与按墙元模型进行计算时侧向变形的差异。
(8)研究了竖向荷载对带转换层高层钢筋混凝土结构静力弹塑性分析(Pushove分析)的影响,对一栋由本人主持设计的带转换层的混凝土高层结构进行了静力弹塑性分析,比较了考虑竖向荷载和不考虑竖向荷载对结构破坏过程的影响。
(9)本文的试验和对各类高层混凝土结构的分析表明,在进行混凝土高层建筑结构的侧向变形计算时,应考虑竖向荷载的影响。
With the deep development of the research work, the calculation and control of lateral deformation of tall building structures become more and more important. However, the influence of vertical loads on the lateral deformation of tall building structures is neglected in many commercial computer softwares or only factors, such as the effect of P-△, which increases the lateral deformation, is considered when the lateral deformation is calculated. In fact, it can restrain crack developing, increases section stiffness of vertical elements and decreases lateral deformation of tall building structures.But those are always not considered. Thus, the calculated values of lateral deformation are not accurate and it affects the designs, when they are controlled by the lateral deformation.
Based on a great number of literature, research works have been done as follows:
(1)10 reinforced concrete cantilever columns were tested. The influences of vertical loads on lateral deformations are recorded and discussed.
(2)A simplified formula of section stiffness on RC compression-bending members is proposed, which shows the effect of vertical load to section stiffness of RC compression-bending members.
(3)Using the simplified formula proposed above, lateral deformations of some reinforced concrete columns are calculated. The calculation results coincide well with the test ones. The formula is applied to the calculation of gravity second order effect.
(4)Based on the formula recommended by professor Wang Chuanzhi and the test results at home and abroad, a theoretical formula of section stiffness and the calculation method of lateral deformation on reinforced concrete compression- bending members are proposed.
(5)The influence of vertical loads on RC frame structures is analyzed. Curve features of story displacement with different vertical loads are carried out. The influence degree of different factors to lateral deformation under vertical loads are compared. And blind spot of basic commercial computer software in deformation calculation is pointed out.
(6)The influence of vertical loads on RC frame-shear wall structures is studied. A suitable model of equivalent column is established by considering the effect of shear deformation of shear walls, and the results of wall element model and equivalent column model are compared.
(7)The influence of vertical loads on RC frame-supported shear wall structures is discussed. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different equivalent column models, and considering the effect of shear deformation of shear walls and transfer beams, a new equivalent column model for RC frame-supported shear wall structures is proposed. Similar results have been gotten after comparing this model and wall element model.
(8)The influence of vertical loads on push-over analysis of tall reinforced concrete structures with transfer story is researched. A tall structure with transfer story designed by the author is analyzed through push-over method and the influence of vertical loads on lateral deformation is or is not considered.
(9)The experimental and theoretical study indicates that the effect of vertical loads must be considered when lateral deformation of RC tall building structures is calculated.
本文在查阅了大量文献资料的基础上,针对竖向荷载对高层建筑结构侧向变形的影响问题进行了研究,取得了以下主要成果:
(1)完成了10根钢筋混凝土悬臂柱的试验,比较了有竖向荷载作用和无竖向荷载作用时侧向变形的变化,为本研究奠定了基础。
(2)提出了钢筋混凝土压弯构件截面刚度的简化计算公式,反应了竖向荷载大小对钢筋混凝土压弯构件截面刚度的影响。
(3)采用建议的钢筋混凝土压弯构件截面刚度的简化计算公式对钢筋混凝土柱的侧向变形进行了分析,计算值与试验结果吻合较好,并将其运用于重力二阶效应的简化计算。
(4)根据王传志推荐的公式和国内外的试验结果,提出了钢筋混凝土竖向受力构件考虑竖向荷载影响的截面刚度理论简化计算公式和钢筋混凝土柱考虑竖向荷载作用时侧向变形的计算方法。
(5)研究了竖向荷载对钢筋混凝土框架结构侧向变形的影响,得到了不同竖向荷载作用下楼层侧向变形的曲线特征,比较了不同参数对竖向荷载作用下侧向变形的影响程度。
(6)探讨了竖向荷载对钢筋混凝土框架-剪力墙结构侧向变形的影响,建立了适宜的等代柱计算模型,考虑了剪力墙剪切变形的影响,对比了墙元模型和等代柱模型的计算结果。
(7)分析了竖向荷载对钢筋混凝土框支剪力墙结构侧向变形的影响,总结了等代柱计算模型的优缺点,提出了适合于钢筋混凝土框支剪力墙结构的等代柱计算模型,考虑了剪力墙剪切变形和转换梁剪切变形的影响,比较了按等代柱模型与按墙元模型进行计算时侧向变形的差异。
(8)研究了竖向荷载对带转换层高层钢筋混凝土结构静力弹塑性分析(Pushove分析)的影响,对一栋由本人主持设计的带转换层的混凝土高层结构进行了静力弹塑性分析,比较了考虑竖向荷载和不考虑竖向荷载对结构破坏过程的影响。
(9)本文的试验和对各类高层混凝土结构的分析表明,在进行混凝土高层建筑结构的侧向变形计算时,应考虑竖向荷载的影响。
With the deep development of the research work, the calculation and control of lateral deformation of tall building structures become more and more important. However, the influence of vertical loads on the lateral deformation of tall building structures is neglected in many commercial computer softwares or only factors, such as the effect of P-△, which increases the lateral deformation, is considered when the lateral deformation is calculated. In fact, it can restrain crack developing, increases section stiffness of vertical elements and decreases lateral deformation of tall building structures.But those are always not considered. Thus, the calculated values of lateral deformation are not accurate and it affects the designs, when they are controlled by the lateral deformation.
Based on a great number of literature, research works have been done as follows:
(1)10 reinforced concrete cantilever columns were tested. The influences of vertical loads on lateral deformations are recorded and discussed.
(2)A simplified formula of section stiffness on RC compression-bending members is proposed, which shows the effect of vertical load to section stiffness of RC compression-bending members.
(3)Using the simplified formula proposed above, lateral deformations of some reinforced concrete columns are calculated. The calculation results coincide well with the test ones. The formula is applied to the calculation of gravity second order effect.
(4)Based on the formula recommended by professor Wang Chuanzhi and the test results at home and abroad, a theoretical formula of section stiffness and the calculation method of lateral deformation on reinforced concrete compression- bending members are proposed.
(5)The influence of vertical loads on RC frame structures is analyzed. Curve features of story displacement with different vertical loads are carried out. The influence degree of different factors to lateral deformation under vertical loads are compared. And blind spot of basic commercial computer software in deformation calculation is pointed out.
(6)The influence of vertical loads on RC frame-shear wall structures is studied. A suitable model of equivalent column is established by considering the effect of shear deformation of shear walls, and the results of wall element model and equivalent column model are compared.
(7)The influence of vertical loads on RC frame-supported shear wall structures is discussed. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different equivalent column models, and considering the effect of shear deformation of shear walls and transfer beams, a new equivalent column model for RC frame-supported shear wall structures is proposed. Similar results have been gotten after comparing this model and wall element model.
(8)The influence of vertical loads on push-over analysis of tall reinforced concrete structures with transfer story is researched. A tall structure with transfer story designed by the author is analyzed through push-over method and the influence of vertical loads on lateral deformation is or is not considered.
(9)The experimental and theoretical study indicates that the effect of vertical loads must be considered when lateral deformation of RC tall building structures is calculated.
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