新型序批式生物膜反应器（SBBR）充氧性能及挂膜试验研究
|
摘要
本试验采用一种新型填料—生物膜复合装置对味精废水的处理性能进行了试验研究,并对同类型传统反应器做了对比。试验针对两种不同的序批式生物膜反应器在挂膜过程中的存在的异同,以及反应器中流体的水力特性等方面的几个核心问题进行对比研究,主要结论如下：
(1)新型反应器与传统反应器的充氧能力Eo、氧总转移系数(KLa)20值均随着曝气强度的增加而增加,对新型SBBR反应器来说,增加曝气强度,能更好的提高氧转移效率,新型反应器的(KLa)20值得增长速率能达到传统反应器的1.45倍。当曝气强度为0.8m3/h时,新型反应器的Eo值是传统反应器的1.26倍,(KLa)20值是传统反应器的1.26倍。因此新型SBBR反应器具有更好的氧传质能力和更高的氧转移效率。
(2)新型SBBR反应器中的填料篮有效地阻止了气泡对生物膜的剥离作用,增加了溶解氧的横向扩散,增大了气液接触面积,提高了氧传质能力；相比传统SBBR反应器,新型SBBR反应器具有更好的节能效果,并且具有更高的氧转移效率。
(3)经过挂膜培养,可观察到两种反应器填料球内部的聚丙烯片上都附着着一定厚度的生物膜,其中新型反应器中填料上生物膜成熟的时间为40天,成熟的生物膜量为57.96mg/g,生物膜厚度为1.21～1.98mm;传统反应器中填料上生物膜成熟的时间为45天,成熟的生物膜量为41.20mg/g,生物膜厚度为0.62～1.38mm。微生物镜检发现反应器中存在着多种微生物,使得系统中的生物链得以延长,污泥产量大大减少。
(4)在试验过程中,随着生物膜量的增多COD的去除率也逐渐增大,最高可达95%,并且系统也具有较高的耐冲击负荷的能力。对氨氮来说,微生物在未适应新环境期问内氨氮去除率波动比较大,但等系统稳定后新型反应器和传统反应器氨氮去除率分别能保持在96%和93%。对总氮而言,由于系统内生物膜的形成,TN的去除率也有明显提高,挂膜成熟后TN的去除率分别能保持在80%和77%左右并趋于稳定。
This test studied the performance of monosodium glutamate wastewater treated by a new type filler-biofilm process. Several core issues were comparatively studied, including similarities and differences of two different sequencing batch biofilm reactors in the process of hanging film, and hydraulic characteristics of fluid in two types of reactor and so on. The main conclusions were as follows:
(1) Eo and (Kla)20in New Reactor and Traditional Reactor were increasing with the addition of aeration. Let's take New SBBR Reactor as an example, increasing aeration intensity could get higher oxygen transfer efficiency, and the increase rate of (KLa)20value in Reactor New was1.45times as many as that in Traditional Reactor. When aeration rate was0.8m3/h, E0and (KLa)20in Reactor New were both1.26times as many as those in Traditional Reactor Therefore, New SBBR Reactor had better oxygen mass transfer ability and higher oxygen transfer efficiency.
(2) Because there existed filler basket in New Reactor,it prevented lateral movement of bubble effectively, increased the probability of bubble vertical movement, and increased the probability that filler cut bubbles, thereby increased the contact area between gas and liquid, and improved the oxygen mass transfer ability. Compared with Traditional SBBR Reactor, New SBBR Reactor had a better energy-saving effect, and had higher oxygen transfer efficiency.
(3) After the culture of hanging film, polypropylene sheet attached with a certain thickness of the biofilm inside the filler ball in two reactors could be observed. Maturation time of biofilm on the filler in New Reactor was40days, mature biofilm capacity was57.96mg/g,and the biofilm thickness was1.21～1.98mm. But maturation time of biofilm on the filler in Traditional Reactor was45days, mature biofilm capacity was41.20mg/g, and the biofilm thickness was0.62～1.38mm. A variety of microorganisms were found by microscopy, biological chain in the system could be extended, and sludge production was greatly reduced.
(4) During the test, with the biofilm capacity increased, the removal rates of COD were gradually increasing, the maximum was95%, and the system also had a higher capability of resistance to the shock load. To ammonia nitrogen, when microorganisms were not adapted to the new environment, removal rates of two ammonia nitrogen fluctuated widely, but when the system stabled, removal rates of ammonia nitrogen in New Reactor and Traditional Reactor were separately maintained at96and93%. To TN, because of the formation of biofilm, removal rates of TN were also obviously improved, removal rates of TN could be separately maintained at80%and77%after hanging film matured, and they tended to be stable.
(1)新型反应器与传统反应器的充氧能力Eo、氧总转移系数(KLa)20值均随着曝气强度的增加而增加,对新型SBBR反应器来说,增加曝气强度,能更好的提高氧转移效率,新型反应器的(KLa)20值得增长速率能达到传统反应器的1.45倍。当曝气强度为0.8m3/h时,新型反应器的Eo值是传统反应器的1.26倍,(KLa)20值是传统反应器的1.26倍。因此新型SBBR反应器具有更好的氧传质能力和更高的氧转移效率。
(2)新型SBBR反应器中的填料篮有效地阻止了气泡对生物膜的剥离作用,增加了溶解氧的横向扩散,增大了气液接触面积,提高了氧传质能力；相比传统SBBR反应器,新型SBBR反应器具有更好的节能效果,并且具有更高的氧转移效率。
(3)经过挂膜培养,可观察到两种反应器填料球内部的聚丙烯片上都附着着一定厚度的生物膜,其中新型反应器中填料上生物膜成熟的时间为40天,成熟的生物膜量为57.96mg/g,生物膜厚度为1.21～1.98mm;传统反应器中填料上生物膜成熟的时间为45天,成熟的生物膜量为41.20mg/g,生物膜厚度为0.62～1.38mm。微生物镜检发现反应器中存在着多种微生物,使得系统中的生物链得以延长,污泥产量大大减少。
(4)在试验过程中,随着生物膜量的增多COD的去除率也逐渐增大,最高可达95%,并且系统也具有较高的耐冲击负荷的能力。对氨氮来说,微生物在未适应新环境期问内氨氮去除率波动比较大,但等系统稳定后新型反应器和传统反应器氨氮去除率分别能保持在96%和93%。对总氮而言,由于系统内生物膜的形成,TN的去除率也有明显提高,挂膜成熟后TN的去除率分别能保持在80%和77%左右并趋于稳定。
This test studied the performance of monosodium glutamate wastewater treated by a new type filler-biofilm process. Several core issues were comparatively studied, including similarities and differences of two different sequencing batch biofilm reactors in the process of hanging film, and hydraulic characteristics of fluid in two types of reactor and so on. The main conclusions were as follows:
(1) Eo and (Kla)20in New Reactor and Traditional Reactor were increasing with the addition of aeration. Let's take New SBBR Reactor as an example, increasing aeration intensity could get higher oxygen transfer efficiency, and the increase rate of (KLa)20value in Reactor New was1.45times as many as that in Traditional Reactor. When aeration rate was0.8m3/h, E0and (KLa)20in Reactor New were both1.26times as many as those in Traditional Reactor Therefore, New SBBR Reactor had better oxygen mass transfer ability and higher oxygen transfer efficiency.
(2) Because there existed filler basket in New Reactor,it prevented lateral movement of bubble effectively, increased the probability of bubble vertical movement, and increased the probability that filler cut bubbles, thereby increased the contact area between gas and liquid, and improved the oxygen mass transfer ability. Compared with Traditional SBBR Reactor, New SBBR Reactor had a better energy-saving effect, and had higher oxygen transfer efficiency.
(3) After the culture of hanging film, polypropylene sheet attached with a certain thickness of the biofilm inside the filler ball in two reactors could be observed. Maturation time of biofilm on the filler in New Reactor was40days, mature biofilm capacity was57.96mg/g,and the biofilm thickness was1.21～1.98mm. But maturation time of biofilm on the filler in Traditional Reactor was45days, mature biofilm capacity was41.20mg/g, and the biofilm thickness was0.62～1.38mm. A variety of microorganisms were found by microscopy, biological chain in the system could be extended, and sludge production was greatly reduced.
(4) During the test, with the biofilm capacity increased, the removal rates of COD were gradually increasing, the maximum was95%, and the system also had a higher capability of resistance to the shock load. To ammonia nitrogen, when microorganisms were not adapted to the new environment, removal rates of two ammonia nitrogen fluctuated widely, but when the system stabled, removal rates of ammonia nitrogen in New Reactor and Traditional Reactor were separately maintained at96and93%. To TN, because of the formation of biofilm, removal rates of TN were also obviously improved, removal rates of TN could be separately maintained at80%and77%after hanging film matured, and they tended to be stable.
引文
[1]张忠详.废水生物处理新技术[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2004,297～311
[2]刘亚敏,崔海波等.填料在废水生物处理方面应用的研究进展[J].化学工程与装备.2008,11：115～116
[3]蒋战洪.污水处理中填料的种类、性能和发展趋势[J].环境污染与防治,1994,1(4)13～16
[4]艾恒雨,汪群慧.接触氧化工艺中生物填料的发展及应用[J].给水排水,2005,31(2)：88～92
[5]刘或,张晓红,陆慧琪等.生物接触氧化工艺中填料的研究进展[J].吉林化工学院学报,2008.25(4)：32～35
[6]烂善红,陈锡强,梁谋会等.新型填料的BAF处理印染废水的研究[J].工业水处理,2007,27(7)：77～80
[7]张召基,夏世斌,陈尧等.新型填料生物膜法处理城市污水的试验研究[J].武汉理工大学,2007,29(7)：73～86
[8]张菊萍,孙华,周增炎.一种新型悬浮填料的性能试验研究[J].安全与环境学报,2002,2(5)：42～44
[9]李晓晨,吴成强,杨敏等.用于生物接触氧化工艺的填料特性比较研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,6(1)：44～46,57
[10]马国平,何玉风,杨莹芸等.高分子填料在生物法处理废水中的应用进展[J].化学通报,2007,1：41～44
[11]周鹏飞.复生物填料的研制及应用研究[D].沈阳理工大学,2011
[12]张凡,程江,杨卓如等.废水处理中生物填料的进展研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(4)：8-12
[13]孙娜,林波、李风琴等.水处理填料的研究进展[J].江西化工,2005,4：8-10
[14]廖晶广.微污染水生物接触氧化处理技术[D].西安建筑科技大学,2004
[15]代琳琳.低温条件下悬浮填料生物膜法处理生活污水的研究[D].东北师范大学,2005
[16]Lu Linwei..Application of soft fiber filler in aerobic wastewater treatment system of biofilm[J]. South Lian Science and Tecnology,2000,7(3):16-18
[17]P.S.Gollam. Three years of full-scale CAPTOR(?)process operation at Moundsville wwtp[J]. Wat.Sci.Tech,1994,29(10):175～181
[18]M.Morper.ect. Improvement of existing wastewater treatment plants's efficiencies without enlargement of tantage by application of the LINPOR(?)-process CASE STUDIES[J]. Water Science and Technology,1990,22 (8):207～215
[19]刘晋旭,刘振鸿.复合式生物处理系统的研究及应用[J].工业水处理,2003,23(1)：8-11
[20]常欣,王艺,丛喜彬.污水生物处理反应填料的应用现状[J].吉林建筑工程学院学报,2002,2(5)：42～44
[21]刘健敏.序批式生物膜法处理味精废水填料性能试验研究[D].郑州大学,2010
[22]李阳.一种新型植物纤维填料[P].中国.实用新型专利,CN2654595.2004-11-10
[23]隋军,施琪.一种用于水处理的活性填料[P].CN1279213.2001-01-10
[24]Georgiou.D, Hatiras J,Airasidis A. Microbial immobilization in a two-stagefixed-bed-reactor pilot plant for on site anaerobic decolorization of textile wastewater[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2005,37(6):597～605
[25]Clifford W R, Dipankar S. Full-scale evaluation of an integrated fixed-film activated sludge(IFAS) process for enhanced nitrogen removal [J]. Water Science and Technology,1996,33(12):155～162
[26]吴浩汀,孔宇.粉末活性炭-生物处理技术及工程应用[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(9)：61-63
[27]袁熙,沈耀良,陈坚.瓷粒和陶粒填料曝气生物滤池处理低浓度生活污水的试验研究[J].给水排水,2007,33(5)：142～145
[26]张朝升,荣宏伟,张可方.序批式生物膜反应器的生物膜特性研究[J].中国给水排水,2007.23(1)53-55
[27]刘健敏,何争光,下迎辉SBBR反应器填料比选研究[J].广州化工,2010,38(3)：133～135
[28]冯春华.SBBR工艺脱氮除磷性能的研究[D].北京化工大学,2005
[29]何争光,郑敏,贾胜勇.DO对SBBR处理味精废水脱氮效果的影响[J].水处理技术,2012,38(10)：103～106
[32]Irvine R L, wilderer P A,Flemming H C. controlled unsteady state process and technologies-an overview[J]. Water Science and Technology,1997,35(1):1～10
[33]A.ieseke,P. Arnz,etal.Simultaneous Pand N removal in a sequencing bath biofilm reactor: insights from reactor-and microscale investigations[J]. Water research.2001,36: 501～509
[34]Arnz P, Esterl S, Nerger C, etal. simultaneous loading and draining as a means to Enhauce Efficacy of sequencing Biofilm Batch Reactors[J]. Wat.Res,2000,34(5):1763～1766
[35]JoshiH. SBR and SBBR Systems:New approach to Biological Treatment[J]. Chemical Engineering World,2001,(7):79～83
[36]C.Di Iaconi, A Lopez, R Ramadori,rtal.Combined chemical and biological of tanney wastewater by a periodic submerged filter[J]. Water Research,2002,36:2205～2214
[37]CHEN Y R, YU J, XU H W, etal. Oxyen Transfer and Hydrodynamic in a Flexible Fibre Biofilm Reactor for wastewater Treatment[J]. Chinese Journal of chemical Engineering, 2009,17(5):879～882
[38]张自杰主编.排水工程(下册)第四版.北京中国建筑出版社,2000.143～150
[39]湛蓝.曝气器及曝气系统性能试验研究[D].中国科学院生态环境研究中心,2005
[40]王岩.污水生物曝气系统的模糊PID控制技术研究[D].天津大学,2004
[41]皮科武.高磷铁矿生物降磷反应器的制作及性能研究[D].武汉理工大学,2010
[42]杨雄文.气体吸收过程的界而传质机理的理论研究[D].犬津大学。2003
[43]厥添进.SUFR流态与氧传递性能分析[D].重庆大学,2004
[44]孙从军,张明旭.河流曝气计算书在河流污染治理中的应用[J].环境保护,2001,(4)：12～16
[45]张小玲,陈莹,邱静等.曝气量及COD浓度对SBBR同步硝化反硝化效果的影响研究[J].生态环境,2005,4(1)：12～16
[46]张寒冰,黄风莲等.生物膜法处理养殖废水的研究[J].生态环境,2005,14(1)：26～29
[47]刘静涛,孔垂雪,符征鸽等.污水处理中生物膜载体研究现状与前景[J].中国沼气,2011,29(2)3～6,18
[48]贾胜勇.序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)对味精废水深度脱氮特性研究[D].郑州大学。2012.
[49]李芙蓉,董有,宋珏容. 悬浮载体生物膜工艺挂膜试验研究[J].1：业安全与环保,2009(9)：22～24
[50]张珂.序批式生物膜反应器处理味精废水强化脱氮的试验研究[D].郑州大学.2011
[51]赵薇.水处理用纤维素载体降解及生物膜附着性能的研究[D].天津大学。2008
[52]朱亮.供水源保护与微污染水体净化[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004
[53]将山泉,郑泽根,肖海文等.序批式生物膜(SBBR)同步硝化反硝化特性研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,18(4)68～72
[54]董国日,柳建设,周洪波等.SBR 工艺过程中水pH值中长期变化情况分析[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2005(2)154～158
[55]胡兴龙.SBBR技术特性和动力学机制及其在废水处理中的应用[D].上海大学,2003
[2]刘亚敏,崔海波等.填料在废水生物处理方面应用的研究进展[J].化学工程与装备.2008,11：115～116
[3]蒋战洪.污水处理中填料的种类、性能和发展趋势[J].环境污染与防治,1994,1(4)13～16
[4]艾恒雨,汪群慧.接触氧化工艺中生物填料的发展及应用[J].给水排水,2005,31(2)：88～92
[5]刘或,张晓红,陆慧琪等.生物接触氧化工艺中填料的研究进展[J].吉林化工学院学报,2008.25(4)：32～35
[6]烂善红,陈锡强,梁谋会等.新型填料的BAF处理印染废水的研究[J].工业水处理,2007,27(7)：77～80
[7]张召基,夏世斌,陈尧等.新型填料生物膜法处理城市污水的试验研究[J].武汉理工大学,2007,29(7)：73～86
[8]张菊萍,孙华,周增炎.一种新型悬浮填料的性能试验研究[J].安全与环境学报,2002,2(5)：42～44
[9]李晓晨,吴成强,杨敏等.用于生物接触氧化工艺的填料特性比较研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,6(1)：44～46,57
[10]马国平,何玉风,杨莹芸等.高分子填料在生物法处理废水中的应用进展[J].化学通报,2007,1：41～44
[11]周鹏飞.复生物填料的研制及应用研究[D].沈阳理工大学,2011
[12]张凡,程江,杨卓如等.废水处理中生物填料的进展研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(4)：8-12
[13]孙娜,林波、李风琴等.水处理填料的研究进展[J].江西化工,2005,4：8-10
[14]廖晶广.微污染水生物接触氧化处理技术[D].西安建筑科技大学,2004
[15]代琳琳.低温条件下悬浮填料生物膜法处理生活污水的研究[D].东北师范大学,2005
[16]Lu Linwei..Application of soft fiber filler in aerobic wastewater treatment system of biofilm[J]. South Lian Science and Tecnology,2000,7(3):16-18
[17]P.S.Gollam. Three years of full-scale CAPTOR(?)process operation at Moundsville wwtp[J]. Wat.Sci.Tech,1994,29(10):175～181
[18]M.Morper.ect. Improvement of existing wastewater treatment plants's efficiencies without enlargement of tantage by application of the LINPOR(?)-process CASE STUDIES[J]. Water Science and Technology,1990,22 (8):207～215
[19]刘晋旭,刘振鸿.复合式生物处理系统的研究及应用[J].工业水处理,2003,23(1)：8-11
[20]常欣,王艺,丛喜彬.污水生物处理反应填料的应用现状[J].吉林建筑工程学院学报,2002,2(5)：42～44
[21]刘健敏.序批式生物膜法处理味精废水填料性能试验研究[D].郑州大学,2010
[22]李阳.一种新型植物纤维填料[P].中国.实用新型专利,CN2654595.2004-11-10
[23]隋军,施琪.一种用于水处理的活性填料[P].CN1279213.2001-01-10
[24]Georgiou.D, Hatiras J,Airasidis A. Microbial immobilization in a two-stagefixed-bed-reactor pilot plant for on site anaerobic decolorization of textile wastewater[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2005,37(6):597～605
[25]Clifford W R, Dipankar S. Full-scale evaluation of an integrated fixed-film activated sludge(IFAS) process for enhanced nitrogen removal [J]. Water Science and Technology,1996,33(12):155～162
[26]吴浩汀,孔宇.粉末活性炭-生物处理技术及工程应用[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(9)：61-63
[27]袁熙,沈耀良,陈坚.瓷粒和陶粒填料曝气生物滤池处理低浓度生活污水的试验研究[J].给水排水,2007,33(5)：142～145
[26]张朝升,荣宏伟,张可方.序批式生物膜反应器的生物膜特性研究[J].中国给水排水,2007.23(1)53-55
[27]刘健敏,何争光,下迎辉SBBR反应器填料比选研究[J].广州化工,2010,38(3)：133～135
[28]冯春华.SBBR工艺脱氮除磷性能的研究[D].北京化工大学,2005
[29]何争光,郑敏,贾胜勇.DO对SBBR处理味精废水脱氮效果的影响[J].水处理技术,2012,38(10)：103～106
[32]Irvine R L, wilderer P A,Flemming H C. controlled unsteady state process and technologies-an overview[J]. Water Science and Technology,1997,35(1):1～10
[33]A.ieseke,P. Arnz,etal.Simultaneous Pand N removal in a sequencing bath biofilm reactor: insights from reactor-and microscale investigations[J]. Water research.2001,36: 501～509
[34]Arnz P, Esterl S, Nerger C, etal. simultaneous loading and draining as a means to Enhauce Efficacy of sequencing Biofilm Batch Reactors[J]. Wat.Res,2000,34(5):1763～1766
[35]JoshiH. SBR and SBBR Systems:New approach to Biological Treatment[J]. Chemical Engineering World,2001,(7):79～83
[36]C.Di Iaconi, A Lopez, R Ramadori,rtal.Combined chemical and biological of tanney wastewater by a periodic submerged filter[J]. Water Research,2002,36:2205～2214
[37]CHEN Y R, YU J, XU H W, etal. Oxyen Transfer and Hydrodynamic in a Flexible Fibre Biofilm Reactor for wastewater Treatment[J]. Chinese Journal of chemical Engineering, 2009,17(5):879～882
[38]张自杰主编.排水工程(下册)第四版.北京中国建筑出版社,2000.143～150
[39]湛蓝.曝气器及曝气系统性能试验研究[D].中国科学院生态环境研究中心,2005
[40]王岩.污水生物曝气系统的模糊PID控制技术研究[D].天津大学,2004
[41]皮科武.高磷铁矿生物降磷反应器的制作及性能研究[D].武汉理工大学,2010
[42]杨雄文.气体吸收过程的界而传质机理的理论研究[D].犬津大学。2003
[43]厥添进.SUFR流态与氧传递性能分析[D].重庆大学,2004
[44]孙从军,张明旭.河流曝气计算书在河流污染治理中的应用[J].环境保护,2001,(4)：12～16
[45]张小玲,陈莹,邱静等.曝气量及COD浓度对SBBR同步硝化反硝化效果的影响研究[J].生态环境,2005,4(1)：12～16
[46]张寒冰,黄风莲等.生物膜法处理养殖废水的研究[J].生态环境,2005,14(1)：26～29
[47]刘静涛,孔垂雪,符征鸽等.污水处理中生物膜载体研究现状与前景[J].中国沼气,2011,29(2)3～6,18
[48]贾胜勇.序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)对味精废水深度脱氮特性研究[D].郑州大学。2012.
[49]李芙蓉,董有,宋珏容. 悬浮载体生物膜工艺挂膜试验研究[J].1：业安全与环保,2009(9)：22～24
[50]张珂.序批式生物膜反应器处理味精废水强化脱氮的试验研究[D].郑州大学.2011
[51]赵薇.水处理用纤维素载体降解及生物膜附着性能的研究[D].天津大学。2008
[52]朱亮.供水源保护与微污染水体净化[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004
[53]将山泉,郑泽根,肖海文等.序批式生物膜(SBBR)同步硝化反硝化特性研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,18(4)68～72
[54]董国日,柳建设,周洪波等.SBR 工艺过程中水pH值中长期变化情况分析[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2005(2)154～158
[55]胡兴龙.SBBR技术特性和动力学机制及其在废水处理中的应用[D].上海大学,2003