超高韧性水泥基复合材料拉伸力学行为解析模型
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摘要
超高韧性水泥基复合材料(Ultra High Toughness Cementitious Composites, UHTCC)是一种掺加乱向短聚乙烯醇纤维(PVA)增强的高性能水泥基复合材料,在拉伸过程中有类似于金属材料的应变硬化特性以及比一般纤维水泥基材料更好的微裂缝控制能力。其直接拉伸极限应变可稳定的达到3%,最大的裂缝宽度可以控制在0.1mm以内,采用这种材料的结构将有助于解决混凝土的韧性差,易开裂的特点。本文针对该材料的拉伸宏观力学行为,采用微观力学和断裂力学来分析微观参数对材料性能的影响。
(1)首先介绍了纤维水泥基复合材料国内外的研究状况,阐述了超高韧性水泥基复合材料应变硬化行为理论,着重介绍了超高韧性水泥基复合材料研究发展的过程和工程应用。
(2)将超高韧性水泥基复合材料的直接拉伸过程分为三个阶段来分析来建立强度模型。为了建立材料微观参数与宏观性能之间的关系,首先介绍了单根PVA纤维的拔出试验,根据试验结果建立单根PVA纤维拔出模型,在模型基础上利用微观力学分析了单根纤维与基体的粘结滑移关系,最终建立单根纤维的应力-位移关系。
(3)在单根PVA纤维分析的基础上,利用直接拉伸试验分析和微观参数分析建立了超高韧性水泥基复合材料的强度模型,并利用试验数据来检验解析结果,对比结果表明解析强度模型与试验结果是一致的,解析结果能够反映复合材料的拉伸强度。
(4)根据上述建立的微观参数与宏观力学行为之间的关系,分析了材料参数如纤维体积参量、纤维与基体界面强度对材料开裂强度、极限强度、应变硬化行为等宏观力学性能的影响,结果表明纤维体积含量和界面强度对材料的强度和应变硬化行为影响是显著的。
(5)针对超高韧性水泥基复合材料直接拉伸强度,通过多因素的改变来分析提高材料强度的可能,并检验其是否满足材料应变硬化条件的要求。结果表明在尽可能不影响超高韧性水泥基复合材料应变硬化特性的前提下,通过提高基体断裂韧度和纤维强度来提高材料拉伸强度(特别是初裂强度)是一条有效的途径。
Ultra high toughness cementitious composites is a cement-based material added with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, which has the strain hardening properties in the uniaxial tensile process that similar to metallic materials and has more capable in particular micro-cracks control than general fiber cement-based materials. This type of composites under tensile load has better strain capacity, more than 3% and maximum crack width below 0.1mm. This kind of composites help to overcome the shortcomings of concrete such as poor toughness and cracking easily. In this paper, for the macro tensile mechanical behavior of UHTCC, micro-mechanics and micro-fracture mechanics are employed to analyze the impact of parameters on the material properties.
(1) This paper introduces the research background of the ultra high toughness cementitious composites and describes the theory of the strain hardening behavior. Then, highlights the research development process and engineering application of ultra high toughness cementitious composites.
(2) The tensile process of ultra high toughness cementitious composite is divided into three stages through experiments and theoretical analysis. In order to establish the relationship between microscopic parameters and macroscopic properties of the materials, the author first introduces the single PVA fiber pullout test, then according to test results to establish a single PVA fiber pull model, based on which use the micro-mechanical analysis of the bond-slip relationship between single fiber and the matrix. Finally the stress-displacement of single fiber is founded.
(3) Based on the single PVA fiber pull out, the ultra high toughness cementitious composite strength model is created with the analysis of the direct tensile test and microscopic parameters. Comparison of the results show that the analytical model and experimental strength are consistent, which proves the analytical results could reflect the tensile strength.
(4) In view of relationship between microscopic parameters and macroscopic mechanical behavior, the influence of material parameters such as fiber volume fraction and interface strength on the composites cracking strength, ultimate strength, strain hardening behavior and other macro-mechanical properties is analyzed.
(5) The multiple factors change which is made to improve to tensile strength of ultra high toughness cementitious composite,and satisfy the requirements of strain-hardening conditions. The results show that as far as possible without affecting ultra high toughness cementitious composite strain hardening properties, by improving the fracture toughness of the matrix and fiber strength to improve the tensile strength (in particular, first crack strength) is an effective way.
(1)首先介绍了纤维水泥基复合材料国内外的研究状况,阐述了超高韧性水泥基复合材料应变硬化行为理论,着重介绍了超高韧性水泥基复合材料研究发展的过程和工程应用。
(2)将超高韧性水泥基复合材料的直接拉伸过程分为三个阶段来分析来建立强度模型。为了建立材料微观参数与宏观性能之间的关系,首先介绍了单根PVA纤维的拔出试验,根据试验结果建立单根PVA纤维拔出模型,在模型基础上利用微观力学分析了单根纤维与基体的粘结滑移关系,最终建立单根纤维的应力-位移关系。
(3)在单根PVA纤维分析的基础上,利用直接拉伸试验分析和微观参数分析建立了超高韧性水泥基复合材料的强度模型,并利用试验数据来检验解析结果,对比结果表明解析强度模型与试验结果是一致的,解析结果能够反映复合材料的拉伸强度。
(4)根据上述建立的微观参数与宏观力学行为之间的关系,分析了材料参数如纤维体积参量、纤维与基体界面强度对材料开裂强度、极限强度、应变硬化行为等宏观力学性能的影响,结果表明纤维体积含量和界面强度对材料的强度和应变硬化行为影响是显著的。
(5)针对超高韧性水泥基复合材料直接拉伸强度,通过多因素的改变来分析提高材料强度的可能,并检验其是否满足材料应变硬化条件的要求。结果表明在尽可能不影响超高韧性水泥基复合材料应变硬化特性的前提下,通过提高基体断裂韧度和纤维强度来提高材料拉伸强度(特别是初裂强度)是一条有效的途径。
Ultra high toughness cementitious composites is a cement-based material added with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, which has the strain hardening properties in the uniaxial tensile process that similar to metallic materials and has more capable in particular micro-cracks control than general fiber cement-based materials. This type of composites under tensile load has better strain capacity, more than 3% and maximum crack width below 0.1mm. This kind of composites help to overcome the shortcomings of concrete such as poor toughness and cracking easily. In this paper, for the macro tensile mechanical behavior of UHTCC, micro-mechanics and micro-fracture mechanics are employed to analyze the impact of parameters on the material properties.
(1) This paper introduces the research background of the ultra high toughness cementitious composites and describes the theory of the strain hardening behavior. Then, highlights the research development process and engineering application of ultra high toughness cementitious composites.
(2) The tensile process of ultra high toughness cementitious composite is divided into three stages through experiments and theoretical analysis. In order to establish the relationship between microscopic parameters and macroscopic properties of the materials, the author first introduces the single PVA fiber pullout test, then according to test results to establish a single PVA fiber pull model, based on which use the micro-mechanical analysis of the bond-slip relationship between single fiber and the matrix. Finally the stress-displacement of single fiber is founded.
(3) Based on the single PVA fiber pull out, the ultra high toughness cementitious composite strength model is created with the analysis of the direct tensile test and microscopic parameters. Comparison of the results show that the analytical model and experimental strength are consistent, which proves the analytical results could reflect the tensile strength.
(4) In view of relationship between microscopic parameters and macroscopic mechanical behavior, the influence of material parameters such as fiber volume fraction and interface strength on the composites cracking strength, ultimate strength, strain hardening behavior and other macro-mechanical properties is analyzed.
(5) The multiple factors change which is made to improve to tensile strength of ultra high toughness cementitious composite,and satisfy the requirements of strain-hardening conditions. The results show that as far as possible without affecting ultra high toughness cementitious composite strain hardening properties, by improving the fracture toughness of the matrix and fiber strength to improve the tensile strength (in particular, first crack strength) is an effective way.
引文
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