FRP加固震损RC框架抗震性能试验与损伤评价研究
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摘要
钢筋混凝土（Reinforced Concrete，RC）框架结构在地震区得到了广泛应用，但国内外的地震中均有RC框架结构震损的报道，除少数严重破坏的RC框架推倒重建外，大量轻微和中等震损RC框架结构需进行抗震加固。近年来，国内外学者对纤维增强复合材料（Fiber Reinforced Polymer，FRP）加固无损伤钢筋混凝土结构进行了广泛的研究，但目前对FRP加固震损RC构件和结构的研究较少。
针对上述问题，本文研究FRP加固损伤混凝土材料力学性能、震损RC柱以及震损RC框架的抗震性能；并研究FRP加固损伤混凝土材料与构件的再加载损伤全过程的声发射（Acoustic Emission, AE）监测与评价方法。本文主要研究内容如下：
（1）通过试验，研究FRP加固不同损伤程度混凝土材料的力学性能，揭示损伤程度对FRP加固损伤混凝土材料应力—应变本构关系的影响规律与机理，分析FRP加固损伤混凝土材料的破坏模式；研究混凝土损伤与破坏过程的AE信号特点，揭示FRP加固损伤混凝土材料开裂过程的特征。
（2）模拟震损结构实际加固过程，通过低周往复拟静力试验研究FRP加固震损RC柱的抗震性能，分析震损程度、残余位移和轴力对FRP加固震损RC柱承载能力、延性和耗能能力的影响规律；研究FRP加固RC柱塑性铰区损伤发展过程的AE信号特点，提出基于AE信号的塑性铰区混凝土的破坏模式诊断方法。
（3）基于RC框架梁、柱和节点承载能力之间的关系，研究水平地震作用下RC框架结构失效模式判别方法和震损RC框架结构FRP抗震加固设计方法；对一栋2层节点震损严重的RC框架进行FRP加固和振动台试验，研究震损RC框架加固前后的抗震性能和动力特性，提出RC框架震损程度快速评估方法。
（4）基于损伤混凝土及FRP加固损伤混凝土的本构模型，利用OpenSees （Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation）实现FRP加固震损RC柱非线性滞回行为的数值模拟；通过理论推导与pushover分析，研究震损程度和残余位移对FRP加固震损RC柱以及多层RC框架抗震能力曲线的影响；基于能力谱方法提出震损RC框架剩余抗震能力和FRP加固震损RC框架抗震能力的分析方法。
Reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures are widely used in earthquake regions. However RC frames have been reported damaged in both domestic and international earthquakes. In addition to a small part of serious damaged RC frames which should be demolished and reconstructed, a large number of minor and moderate earthquake-damaged RC frames need seismic retrofit. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been widely used in the retrofit of undamaged RC structures in recent years. However, there are few studies concerning FRP-retrofitted earthquake-damaged RC components and structures at present.
In response to these problems, this dissertation inverstigated the mechanical behavior of FRP-confined concrete, and the seimic capacities of FRP-retrofitted RC columns and frames; the damage process during the reloading of FRP-retrofitted damaged concrete and components was also studied through AE monitoring and assessment method. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:
(1) The mechanical behaviors of FRP-retrofitted concrete with different damage levels were studied through experiments. The effect and mechanism of damage level on the stress-strain constitutive relationship were revealed and the damage patterns of FRP-retrofitted concrete were analyzed. The characteristics of AE signals emitted from concrete damage and crack were studied and the characteristics of the crack process of FRP-retrofitted damaged concrete were revealed.
(2) Simulating the retrofitting process of earthquake-damaged structures under actual conditions, the seismic capacities of FRP-retrofitted RC columns were studied through reversed cyclic quasi-static tests. The effects of earthquake-damage level, residual displacement and axial load on the seismic capacities of FRP-retrofitted earthquake-damaged RC columns were analyzed. The characteristics of AE signals emitted from the damage process of the concrete in the plastic region of FRP-retrofitted RC columns were studied. Based on the AE signals, a failure mode diagnostic method of the concrete in the plastic region was proposed.
(3) Based on the capacity relationship of the RC frame beam, column and joint, a failure mode judgment method and a FRP seismic retrofit design method for earthquake-damaged RC frame under horizontal seismic action were proposed. A two-story RC frame with severe earthquake damage in joints was retrofitted with FRP and retested through shake table tests. The seismic capacity and dynamic characteristic of the RC frame before and after FRP retrofitting were studied. A rapid damage assessment method for earthquake-damaged RC frames was proposed.
(4) Based on the constitutive models of damaged concrete and FRP-retrofitted damaged concrete, the nonlinear cyclic behaviors of FRP-retrofitted RC columns were simulated using OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation). The effect of earthquake damage level and residual displacement on the seismic capacity curves of FRP-retrofitted RC column and multi-floor RC frame was studied through theoretical derivation and pushover analysis. Based on the capacity spectrum method, the analysis method for the residual seismic capacity of earthquake-damaged RC frame and the seismic capacity of FRP-retrofitted earthquake-damaged RC frame was proposed.
针对上述问题，本文研究FRP加固损伤混凝土材料力学性能、震损RC柱以及震损RC框架的抗震性能；并研究FRP加固损伤混凝土材料与构件的再加载损伤全过程的声发射（Acoustic Emission, AE）监测与评价方法。本文主要研究内容如下：
（1）通过试验，研究FRP加固不同损伤程度混凝土材料的力学性能，揭示损伤程度对FRP加固损伤混凝土材料应力—应变本构关系的影响规律与机理，分析FRP加固损伤混凝土材料的破坏模式；研究混凝土损伤与破坏过程的AE信号特点，揭示FRP加固损伤混凝土材料开裂过程的特征。
（2）模拟震损结构实际加固过程，通过低周往复拟静力试验研究FRP加固震损RC柱的抗震性能，分析震损程度、残余位移和轴力对FRP加固震损RC柱承载能力、延性和耗能能力的影响规律；研究FRP加固RC柱塑性铰区损伤发展过程的AE信号特点，提出基于AE信号的塑性铰区混凝土的破坏模式诊断方法。
（3）基于RC框架梁、柱和节点承载能力之间的关系，研究水平地震作用下RC框架结构失效模式判别方法和震损RC框架结构FRP抗震加固设计方法；对一栋2层节点震损严重的RC框架进行FRP加固和振动台试验，研究震损RC框架加固前后的抗震性能和动力特性，提出RC框架震损程度快速评估方法。
（4）基于损伤混凝土及FRP加固损伤混凝土的本构模型，利用OpenSees （Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation）实现FRP加固震损RC柱非线性滞回行为的数值模拟；通过理论推导与pushover分析，研究震损程度和残余位移对FRP加固震损RC柱以及多层RC框架抗震能力曲线的影响；基于能力谱方法提出震损RC框架剩余抗震能力和FRP加固震损RC框架抗震能力的分析方法。
Reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures are widely used in earthquake regions. However RC frames have been reported damaged in both domestic and international earthquakes. In addition to a small part of serious damaged RC frames which should be demolished and reconstructed, a large number of minor and moderate earthquake-damaged RC frames need seismic retrofit. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been widely used in the retrofit of undamaged RC structures in recent years. However, there are few studies concerning FRP-retrofitted earthquake-damaged RC components and structures at present.
In response to these problems, this dissertation inverstigated the mechanical behavior of FRP-confined concrete, and the seimic capacities of FRP-retrofitted RC columns and frames; the damage process during the reloading of FRP-retrofitted damaged concrete and components was also studied through AE monitoring and assessment method. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:
(1) The mechanical behaviors of FRP-retrofitted concrete with different damage levels were studied through experiments. The effect and mechanism of damage level on the stress-strain constitutive relationship were revealed and the damage patterns of FRP-retrofitted concrete were analyzed. The characteristics of AE signals emitted from concrete damage and crack were studied and the characteristics of the crack process of FRP-retrofitted damaged concrete were revealed.
(2) Simulating the retrofitting process of earthquake-damaged structures under actual conditions, the seismic capacities of FRP-retrofitted RC columns were studied through reversed cyclic quasi-static tests. The effects of earthquake-damage level, residual displacement and axial load on the seismic capacities of FRP-retrofitted earthquake-damaged RC columns were analyzed. The characteristics of AE signals emitted from the damage process of the concrete in the plastic region of FRP-retrofitted RC columns were studied. Based on the AE signals, a failure mode diagnostic method of the concrete in the plastic region was proposed.
(3) Based on the capacity relationship of the RC frame beam, column and joint, a failure mode judgment method and a FRP seismic retrofit design method for earthquake-damaged RC frame under horizontal seismic action were proposed. A two-story RC frame with severe earthquake damage in joints was retrofitted with FRP and retested through shake table tests. The seismic capacity and dynamic characteristic of the RC frame before and after FRP retrofitting were studied. A rapid damage assessment method for earthquake-damaged RC frames was proposed.
(4) Based on the constitutive models of damaged concrete and FRP-retrofitted damaged concrete, the nonlinear cyclic behaviors of FRP-retrofitted RC columns were simulated using OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation). The effect of earthquake damage level and residual displacement on the seismic capacity curves of FRP-retrofitted RC column and multi-floor RC frame was studied through theoretical derivation and pushover analysis. Based on the capacity spectrum method, the analysis method for the residual seismic capacity of earthquake-damaged RC frame and the seismic capacity of FRP-retrofitted earthquake-damaged RC frame was proposed.
引文
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