渤海A油田基础地质研究与开发方案设计
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摘要
渤海A油田位于渤海辽东湾海域辽西凹陷中段、辽西1号断层下降盘,东侧紧邻辽西凸起,主要含油层系分布于下第三系东营组东二下段,储层岩性主要为湖相三角洲沉积的细砂岩,其次为中-细粒砂岩,局部层位见中-粗粒砂岩和极细砂岩。受断层分割以及厚层泥岩隔层的影响,渤海A油田油气分布产状较为复杂,油藏类型属于受断层控制的、在纵向和横向上具有多个流体系统的构造层状油藏,原油性质为常规中质油。一个油气田的开发前期基础地质研究和评价具有较大的难度,它强调充分运用各种技术手段来解决未知的问题,在技术综合性上要求很高。目前国内外油气藏评价主要是从地层划分与对比、沉积相与沉积微相研究、孔隙结构特征研究等几个方面展开。尤其是沉积相研究是近年来十分活跃的领域,其理论和方法对地球科学的许多方面具有重要影响。沉积相的分布影响油气藏储层物性的分布和非均质性规律,从而影响产能分布规律和最终采收率。本文重点论述了油田的地层对比与划分、岩石学特征、沉积相分析、孔隙结构特征等储层评价研究以及建立在沉积相研究成果基础上的相控三维随机地质建模技术,作为一个完整的地质研究报告,还涵盖了地质储量计算方法、油藏数值模拟优化开发方案等方面,辅助论证地质研究的成果,并展现了海上油田整体开发方案的完整流程。
“A”Oil Field is located in the middle of Liaoxi Sag in Liaodong Bay, and at the downthrow of Liaoxi No. 1 Fault, which is very close to Liaoxi Uplift in the west. It’s a typical fault-block oil reservoir discovered in January of 2002. The main oil-bearing zones are in the lower interval of the second member of Ed, with main lithology of fine sands of lacustrine delta and some mid-fine sands in the reservoir formations, and there are a little of mid-coarse sands and very sands in partial interal. Separated by faults and effected by thick shale zones, the distribution of oil and gas of“A”Oil Field is very complex, and is controlled by the faults, consequently forming structural layered oil reservoirs with several fluid systems vertically and horizontally.with crude oil property is conventional medium oil. The proved oil-bearing area of“A”oilfield is 2.2km~2, the proved oil reserve in place of 948×10~4m~3, and the proved solution gas reserve in place of 5.49×10~8m~3.
According to the distributions of oil & gas and reservoir characteristics, combined with the feasibility of offshore engineering“A”oilfields is developed by vertical wells and horizontal wells with approximate innverted nine-spot water injection pattern, And produced by utilizing the onshore facilities of SZ36-1 oilfield. with yearly production at the beginning of 25.8×104m3, production rate of 2.8% for 4 years. After 15 years of production, total oil production could be up to 256.1×10~4m~3, with recovery of 24.8% and water cut of 86%. According to engineering economic evaluation, its internal profit exceed the economic yardstick of the petroleum industry that the state stipulation.
“A”Oil Field is located in the middle of Liaoxi Sag in Liaodong Bay, and at the downthrow of Liaoxi No. 1 Fault, which is very close to Liaoxi Uplift in the west. It’s a typical fault-block oil reservoir discovered in January of 2002. The main oil-bearing zones are in the lower interval of the second member of Ed, with main lithology of fine sands of lacustrine delta and some mid-fine sands in the reservoir formations, and there are a little of mid-coarse sands and very sands in partial interal. Separated by faults and effected by thick shale zones, the distribution of oil and gas of“A”Oil Field is very complex, and is controlled by the faults, consequently forming structural layered oil reservoirs with several fluid systems vertically and horizontally.with crude oil property is conventional medium oil. The proved oil-bearing area of“A”oilfield is 2.2km~2, the proved oil reserve in place of 948×10~4m~3, and the proved solution gas reserve in place of 5.49×10~8m~3.
According to the distributions of oil & gas and reservoir characteristics, combined with the feasibility of offshore engineering“A”oilfields is developed by vertical wells and horizontal wells with approximate innverted nine-spot water injection pattern, And produced by utilizing the onshore facilities of SZ36-1 oilfield. with yearly production at the beginning of 25.8×104m3, production rate of 2.8% for 4 years. After 15 years of production, total oil production could be up to 256.1×10~4m~3, with recovery of 24.8% and water cut of 86%. According to engineering economic evaluation, its internal profit exceed the economic yardstick of the petroleum industry that the state stipulation.
引文
[1] M..H.马克西莫夫魏智等译,油田开发地质基础[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1980,90-110
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[8]吴胜和,金振奎,黄沧钿,等储层建模[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1999,27-32
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[10]姜汉桥,等油藏工程原理与方法[M],山东:石油大学出版社,2000,87-99
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[13]王乃举,等中国油藏开发模式总论[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1999,66-83
[14]中华人民共和国能源部,SY5367-89,中华人民共和国能源部石油行业标准-油田可采储量标定方法[S],北京:石油工业出版社,1990,64-88
[15]裘怿楠,薛叔浩,应风祥.中国陆相油气储集层[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997,12-45
[16]王家华,高海余等.克里金地质绘图技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999,74-82
[17]吴元燕,陈碧珏.油矿地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996,37-84
[18]薛培华.河流点坝相储层模式概论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991,56-94
[19]李阳.河道砂储层非均质模型[M].北京:科学出版社,2001,74-84
[20] Parke A.Dickey,Petroleum Development Geology,PENN WELL [M],1981年:57-90
[21] Peter K.Link , BASIC PETROLEUM GEOLOGY , OIL & GAS CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL[M],1982年:23-56
[22] R. S. P,SEDIMENTOLOGY[J] 1997(4-6),R.S.P.,1997年:45-78
[23] E.A.OF E.G ,GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING[J] 1998(1-6), E.A.OF E.G.,1998年:46-87
[24] Miall A D. Reservoir Heterogeneity In Fluvial Sandstone Lessons From Outcrops Studies[J]. AAPG, 1988, 72 (6): 682-697
[25] J. D. Doyle and M. L. Sweet. Three-Dimensional Distribution of Lithofacies, Bounding Surfaces, Porosity, and Permeability in a Fluvial Sandstone-Gypsy Sandstone of Northern Oklahoma[J]. AAPG, 1995, (79) 1: 70-96
[26] Weber Graafe W J E, Ealeg P T. Geological Modeling for Simulation Studies[J]. AAPG, 1989, (73) 11: 1436-1444
[2]王平,等复杂断块油田详探与开发[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1994,23-45
[3]于兴河.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,66-90
[4]张文昭,石油天然气储量管理[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1999,22-47
[5]杨通佑,范尚炯,陈元千,等石油及天然气储量计算方法[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1998,33-76
[6]艾尚军,等砂岩油田开发地质研究内容与方法[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2001,12-14
[7]罗蛰潭,王允诚,油气储集层的孔隙结构[M],北京:科学出版社1986,29-31
[8]吴胜和,金振奎,黄沧钿,等储层建模[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1999,27-32
[9]李福垲,黑油和组分模型的应用[M]北京:科学出版社,1996,57-73
[10]姜汉桥,等油藏工程原理与方法[M],山东:石油大学出版社,2000,87-99
[11]陈元千,李璗,现代油藏工程[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2001,39-48
[12]欧阳可悦,王彬.呼图壁气田开发前期评价技术[C],中国石油天然气集团公司油气田开发工作会议文集下册,北京:石油工业出版社,1999,424-437
[13]王乃举,等中国油藏开发模式总论[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1999,66-83
[14]中华人民共和国能源部,SY5367-89,中华人民共和国能源部石油行业标准-油田可采储量标定方法[S],北京:石油工业出版社,1990,64-88
[15]裘怿楠,薛叔浩,应风祥.中国陆相油气储集层[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997,12-45
[16]王家华,高海余等.克里金地质绘图技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999,74-82
[17]吴元燕,陈碧珏.油矿地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996,37-84
[18]薛培华.河流点坝相储层模式概论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991,56-94
[19]李阳.河道砂储层非均质模型[M].北京:科学出版社,2001,74-84
[20] Parke A.Dickey,Petroleum Development Geology,PENN WELL [M],1981年:57-90
[21] Peter K.Link , BASIC PETROLEUM GEOLOGY , OIL & GAS CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL[M],1982年:23-56
[22] R. S. P,SEDIMENTOLOGY[J] 1997(4-6),R.S.P.,1997年:45-78
[23] E.A.OF E.G ,GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING[J] 1998(1-6), E.A.OF E.G.,1998年:46-87
[24] Miall A D. Reservoir Heterogeneity In Fluvial Sandstone Lessons From Outcrops Studies[J]. AAPG, 1988, 72 (6): 682-697
[25] J. D. Doyle and M. L. Sweet. Three-Dimensional Distribution of Lithofacies, Bounding Surfaces, Porosity, and Permeability in a Fluvial Sandstone-Gypsy Sandstone of Northern Oklahoma[J]. AAPG, 1995, (79) 1: 70-96
[26] Weber Graafe W J E, Ealeg P T. Geological Modeling for Simulation Studies[J]. AAPG, 1989, (73) 11: 1436-1444