煤矸石、采残煤矿井下生物转化作用及其对地下水环境的影响
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摘要
本论文是在煤矸石井下填充的基础上,以平煤十二矿的焦煤、煤矸石、矿井水为研究对象,在添加接种物的情况下,研究微生物作用的产气量和甲烷含量,同时以硝酸盐氮、氨氮、硫离子、硫酸盐、pH值、氟化物、金属和有机质为研究指标,分别对发酵液和残渣进行测定,研究发酵后其对地下水造成的影响。
结果表明:(1)试验过程中产生的甲烷的碳同位素值与煤及煤矸石的碳同位素值接近,说明中高变质程度的焦煤确实可以被微生物降解,同时煤矸石参与了微生物作用;(2)煤矸石的浸泡时间及接种物的加入量与产气量和甲烷含量密切相关;(3)接种物加入量对硝酸盐氮、氨氮、硫化物、氟化物、硫酸盐和金属都有一定程度的影响;(4)同时由于微生物厌氧发酵的关系,发酵液中氨氮严重超标;(5)残渣中有机质含量有所降低,证实了煤矸石中的有机质的可生物降解性;(6)残渣本身没有浸出毒性,对地下水不会造成危害;(7)总体上说,矸石比例较小的B组对环境的影响略小于矸石比例较大的A组。
在进一步研究有机质的转化方向和获取、利用生物气的同时,一定要探索提高产气量和产甲烷含量的方法,同时要设法利用采残煤和不可采煤层中的煤炭资源,并预防对地下水的二次污染。
This thesis was in the underground coal gangue filled on the basis of Pingmei Twelve coking coal mine, coal gangue, coal mine water as the research object, adding inoculum, the study of the role of microbial gas production and methane content, at the same time nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide, sulfate, pH, fluoride, metals and organic matter for the study of indicators, respectively, and residue of fermentation broth were determined to study the fermentation of its impact on groundwater.
The results showed that: (1) The course of the experiment generated by the carbon isotope values of methane and coal and gangue of carbon isotope values close to note the high degree of coking coal metamorphism indeed could be microbial degradation, while micro-organisms involved in the role of gangue; (2 ) Gangue of soaking time and the addition of inoculum volume and gas production and methane content were closely related; (3) Add the amount of inoculum of nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide, fluoride, sulfate and metals had a certain degree impact; (4) At the same time because of the relationship between microbial anaerobic digestion, fermentation liquid ammonia serious superscalar; (5) Residues in organic matter content had decreased, confirming the organic matter in coal gangue biodegradability; (6)Residue itself there was no leaching toxicity of groundwater will not cause harm; (7) Generally speaking, the smaller the proportion of waste rock group B the environmental impact of waste rock slightly smaller than the proportion of A larger group.
Further study at the transformation of organic matter in the direction of and access to, use of biogas at the same time, we must explore and improve gas production method of producing methane content, at the same time to try to make use of the residual coal mining and non-coal seam of coal resources, and prevention of groundwater the secondary pollution.
结果表明:(1)试验过程中产生的甲烷的碳同位素值与煤及煤矸石的碳同位素值接近,说明中高变质程度的焦煤确实可以被微生物降解,同时煤矸石参与了微生物作用;(2)煤矸石的浸泡时间及接种物的加入量与产气量和甲烷含量密切相关;(3)接种物加入量对硝酸盐氮、氨氮、硫化物、氟化物、硫酸盐和金属都有一定程度的影响;(4)同时由于微生物厌氧发酵的关系,发酵液中氨氮严重超标;(5)残渣中有机质含量有所降低,证实了煤矸石中的有机质的可生物降解性;(6)残渣本身没有浸出毒性,对地下水不会造成危害;(7)总体上说,矸石比例较小的B组对环境的影响略小于矸石比例较大的A组。
在进一步研究有机质的转化方向和获取、利用生物气的同时,一定要探索提高产气量和产甲烷含量的方法,同时要设法利用采残煤和不可采煤层中的煤炭资源,并预防对地下水的二次污染。
This thesis was in the underground coal gangue filled on the basis of Pingmei Twelve coking coal mine, coal gangue, coal mine water as the research object, adding inoculum, the study of the role of microbial gas production and methane content, at the same time nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide, sulfate, pH, fluoride, metals and organic matter for the study of indicators, respectively, and residue of fermentation broth were determined to study the fermentation of its impact on groundwater.
The results showed that: (1) The course of the experiment generated by the carbon isotope values of methane and coal and gangue of carbon isotope values close to note the high degree of coking coal metamorphism indeed could be microbial degradation, while micro-organisms involved in the role of gangue; (2 ) Gangue of soaking time and the addition of inoculum volume and gas production and methane content were closely related; (3) Add the amount of inoculum of nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide, fluoride, sulfate and metals had a certain degree impact; (4) At the same time because of the relationship between microbial anaerobic digestion, fermentation liquid ammonia serious superscalar; (5) Residues in organic matter content had decreased, confirming the organic matter in coal gangue biodegradability; (6)Residue itself there was no leaching toxicity of groundwater will not cause harm; (7) Generally speaking, the smaller the proportion of waste rock group B the environmental impact of waste rock slightly smaller than the proportion of A larger group.
Further study at the transformation of organic matter in the direction of and access to, use of biogas at the same time, we must explore and improve gas production method of producing methane content, at the same time to try to make use of the residual coal mining and non-coal seam of coal resources, and prevention of groundwater the secondary pollution.
引文
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