土工织物管袋充填特性及计算理论研究
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摘要
土工织物充填袋具有造价低廉、就地取材、施工速度快、对周围环境影响小等优点,在国内外已有许多成功的工程应用。作为一种相对较新的技术,目前土工织物充填袋的施工仍主要依靠经验进行。为了对土工管袋充填过程提供理论指导,针对目前研究中存在的一些不足,论文进行了以下方面的研究：
(1)考虑到土工织物的良好透水性在充填管袋的充填、排水以及固结过程中的重要性,以及充填过程中土工织物所受张力等因素对织物渗透性的影响,自行设计了试验装置用来测定土工织物在张力等因素影响下的透水率,并推导了新的透水率计算公式。试验结果表明,土工织物在经向受拉时透水率显著减小最后趋于稳定,而纬向受拉时透水率持续增大。在砂颗粒的影响下土工织物的透水率也会有明显的减小
(2)考虑到目前土工袋的充填特性试验研究较少,且已有试验对充填过程中袋体参数测量不够全面,论文进行了土工织物室内模型充填试验,对充填和排水过程中土工袋高度、所受的张力、底部压力和排水速度等重要参数进行了定量观测,为验证后续理论研究成果的合理性提供了实验数据。
(3)考虑到实际应用时地基的非平整性,根据充填管袋微段受力平衡条件和几何条件,建立了任意对称刚性地基上土工膜袋的受力平衡无量纲方程组,并给出求解方法；通过退化为平整刚性地基,验证了该方法的正确性,并对任意对称刚性地基上土工管袋特性进行研究。在不透水土工膜袋理论计算方法的基础上,针对平整刚性地基和任意对称刚性地基上的透水土工管袋,通过将土工织物透水率引入到理论计算方法中,提出了透水土工管袋充填特性的计算理论。利用土工管袋室内模型试验的数据,验证了计算理论的合理性。验证结果表明,所提出的计算方法可用于土工袋实际充填过程中任意时刻袋体特性的计算。
论文创新点在于考虑了土工管袋充填过程中袋体张力等因素对袋体透水性的影响,提出了土工织物在张力作用下透水率的测定方法,并将土工袋的排水特性和地基形状融入了现有的计算理论之中,使得模拟土工管袋充填过程的理论计算方法与实际情况更为吻合,从而可为土工管袋的设计和施工提供理论指导。
There were many successful engineering applications of geotextile bag of geotextile tubes in the world, because of the advantages of which such as low cost, local materials, construction speed and little impact on surrounding environment. As a relatively new technology, the construction process of the Geotextile bags relied mainly on construction experiences for guidance. In order to provide some theoretical guidance, considering some deficiencies existing in the current studies, the following researches were carried out in this paper:
(1) Considering the importance of the permeability of the geotextile in the filling, drainage and consolidation process, and the effects of the tension and other factors on the permeability, a series of experiments were taken to research the permeability characteristics of geotextile under tension with self-designed equipment and the formulae for computing the permittivity was derived with variable head method. The result shows that the permittivity of geotextile under tension is obviously different with that of the geotextile without load. The permittivity is reduced quickly to a stabilized value as the warp tension is increased. The permittivity is increased with the weft tension is increased, however, there is not a stabilized state. The permittivity is also decreased quickly under the influence of the sand particles.
(2) Taking into account that the experimental research of filling prosperity of the geotextile tubes is little and the existing experimental data of the tubes is not comprehensive, and considering the operability of the test, an indoor model test was taken to measure the important parameters of the geotubes such as the height, tension, bottom pressure and drainage rate. The observed parameters can be laid the foundation for the further researches and validation for the theoretical studies.
(3) Responding to the condition that several tubes rested on rigid foundation with symmetry arbitrary shape, according to the forces equilibrium and geometrical condition of the element of the tube, the control equilibrium equations of the tubes rested on rigid foundation with symmetry arbitrary shape and the solution conditions of which were established with nondimensional method. Then the validity of the method was verified by degradation to flat rigid foundation, and the features of geotubes rested on flat rigid foundation were studied. Then on the basis of the theoretical calculation of impermeable geomembrane bags, by introducing the permeation rate of geotextile into the theoretical method, we deduced the method to calculate filling characteristics of the geotubes rested on flat foundation and foundation of arbitrary symmetry. And the computational theory was verified by the indoor model test data. The results show that the proposed calculation method can be used for calculating the filling features of geotubes in filling process.
The creative points of the paper consist that proposing the measuring method of permeability of geotextile under tension while considering the impact of tension and other factors in filling process of geotextile tubes, and introducing the drainage characteristics of the geotextile tubes and the shape of the foundation into the existing theory, which makes the theoretical calculation method simulating more consistent with the actual situation and can provide theoretical guidance for design and construction of the geotextile tubes.
(1)考虑到土工织物的良好透水性在充填管袋的充填、排水以及固结过程中的重要性,以及充填过程中土工织物所受张力等因素对织物渗透性的影响,自行设计了试验装置用来测定土工织物在张力等因素影响下的透水率,并推导了新的透水率计算公式。试验结果表明,土工织物在经向受拉时透水率显著减小最后趋于稳定,而纬向受拉时透水率持续增大。在砂颗粒的影响下土工织物的透水率也会有明显的减小
(2)考虑到目前土工袋的充填特性试验研究较少,且已有试验对充填过程中袋体参数测量不够全面,论文进行了土工织物室内模型充填试验,对充填和排水过程中土工袋高度、所受的张力、底部压力和排水速度等重要参数进行了定量观测,为验证后续理论研究成果的合理性提供了实验数据。
(3)考虑到实际应用时地基的非平整性,根据充填管袋微段受力平衡条件和几何条件,建立了任意对称刚性地基上土工膜袋的受力平衡无量纲方程组,并给出求解方法；通过退化为平整刚性地基,验证了该方法的正确性,并对任意对称刚性地基上土工管袋特性进行研究。在不透水土工膜袋理论计算方法的基础上,针对平整刚性地基和任意对称刚性地基上的透水土工管袋,通过将土工织物透水率引入到理论计算方法中,提出了透水土工管袋充填特性的计算理论。利用土工管袋室内模型试验的数据,验证了计算理论的合理性。验证结果表明,所提出的计算方法可用于土工袋实际充填过程中任意时刻袋体特性的计算。
论文创新点在于考虑了土工管袋充填过程中袋体张力等因素对袋体透水性的影响,提出了土工织物在张力作用下透水率的测定方法,并将土工袋的排水特性和地基形状融入了现有的计算理论之中,使得模拟土工管袋充填过程的理论计算方法与实际情况更为吻合,从而可为土工管袋的设计和施工提供理论指导。
There were many successful engineering applications of geotextile bag of geotextile tubes in the world, because of the advantages of which such as low cost, local materials, construction speed and little impact on surrounding environment. As a relatively new technology, the construction process of the Geotextile bags relied mainly on construction experiences for guidance. In order to provide some theoretical guidance, considering some deficiencies existing in the current studies, the following researches were carried out in this paper:
(1) Considering the importance of the permeability of the geotextile in the filling, drainage and consolidation process, and the effects of the tension and other factors on the permeability, a series of experiments were taken to research the permeability characteristics of geotextile under tension with self-designed equipment and the formulae for computing the permittivity was derived with variable head method. The result shows that the permittivity of geotextile under tension is obviously different with that of the geotextile without load. The permittivity is reduced quickly to a stabilized value as the warp tension is increased. The permittivity is increased with the weft tension is increased, however, there is not a stabilized state. The permittivity is also decreased quickly under the influence of the sand particles.
(2) Taking into account that the experimental research of filling prosperity of the geotextile tubes is little and the existing experimental data of the tubes is not comprehensive, and considering the operability of the test, an indoor model test was taken to measure the important parameters of the geotubes such as the height, tension, bottom pressure and drainage rate. The observed parameters can be laid the foundation for the further researches and validation for the theoretical studies.
(3) Responding to the condition that several tubes rested on rigid foundation with symmetry arbitrary shape, according to the forces equilibrium and geometrical condition of the element of the tube, the control equilibrium equations of the tubes rested on rigid foundation with symmetry arbitrary shape and the solution conditions of which were established with nondimensional method. Then the validity of the method was verified by degradation to flat rigid foundation, and the features of geotubes rested on flat rigid foundation were studied. Then on the basis of the theoretical calculation of impermeable geomembrane bags, by introducing the permeation rate of geotextile into the theoretical method, we deduced the method to calculate filling characteristics of the geotubes rested on flat foundation and foundation of arbitrary symmetry. And the computational theory was verified by the indoor model test data. The results show that the proposed calculation method can be used for calculating the filling features of geotubes in filling process.
The creative points of the paper consist that proposing the measuring method of permeability of geotextile under tension while considering the impact of tension and other factors in filling process of geotextile tubes, and introducing the drainage characteristics of the geotextile tubes and the shape of the foundation into the existing theory, which makes the theoretical calculation method simulating more consistent with the actual situation and can provide theoretical guidance for design and construction of the geotextile tubes.
引文
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