基于文化视角的农村劳动力转移创业选择研究
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摘要
目前农村劳动力就业难、增收难，成了“三农”问题的核心问题。而从世界发达国家的一般经验看，要促进农村劳动力就业，要促进农村劳动力致富，就要减少农村劳动力，就要把农村剩余劳动力成功转移出去；而通过推动农村劳动力创业来实现农村劳动力就业和增收是其中重要的途径，也是农村劳动力转移路径选择中的可行路径。
农村社会长期处于相对保守封闭的环境中，在这个意义上，“乡民社会的人们不完全是理性的选择，而是习性、惯习、文化的选择，即受制于个体之外的社会文化结构。”在这样一个以文化、关系为本的农村社会里，市场经济并没有浸染整个农村市场，社会文化往往是激励和约束农村劳动力行为方向的主要力量，深刻地影响着农村劳动力的选择行为和行为选择的结果。“文化驱动创业，创业提升经济”是学者们普遍认同的研究路径，但对于文化如何驱动人们创业、文化的各个层面又是如何影响人们创业选择却知之甚少。中国素有“一方水土、一方人，十里不同音、百里不同俗”的说法，说明中国文化十分强调它的地域性，也说明中国文化的多样性，而文化的多样性引起创业活动多样化。那么，如何结合特定地区的文化维度、创业文化氛围、商帮群体文化来考虑当地的农村劳动力的转移行为、创业选择、创业行业等，正是特定农村地区创业要解决的深层次问题，也是解决以农村劳动力创业来成功实现农村剩余劳动力转移的深层次问题。因此，如何从文化视角解释特定地区农村劳动力转移之创业选择的特定行为表现，揭示农村劳动力创业选择行为背后的宏观文化基础、中观创业文化氛围和微观商帮文化及其影响机制，从而提出提高农村创业活动水平的建议措施正是本文研究的目的所在。
我国目前从文化视角研究创业问题仍不充分，从文化视角研究农村劳动力创业的就更少；而从其他角度研究特定地区的创业问题的成果却不少，唯独从文化角度研究的比较欠缺；在这些少量的研究成果中，即便个别是从文化角度研究创业问题，但往往仅从相对宏观的文化维度的角度来研究，没有考虑中观创业文化氛围和相对微观的商帮文化的角度来研究，导致认识的不全面。基于研究的不足和实践的需要，本文以农村劳动力创业的普遍性和典型性为原则，选取福建沙县作为代表区域，以沙县农村劳动力创业选择为对象，以农民创业理论和社会文化理论为基础，试图从文化特定性的角度，分别从宏观文化维度、中观创业文化氛围和微观商帮文化三个层面分别研究其与农村劳动力创业选择之间的关系，揭示特定地区的农村劳动力创业选择的文化基础和文化机制。
本文先梳理国内外与本文论题相关的研究现状；然后对文章所使用到的理论进行简要介绍，对主要的概念进行界定和阐述；再在此基础上进行理论构建，以确立理论分析框架；接着分别通过理论和实证分析，得出社会文化因素在农村劳动力创业选择中确实起作用，这为下文从文化的角度来研究农村劳动力创业选择问题打下坚实的基础；接着文章围绕文化的三个层面（即宏观文化维度、中观创业文化氛围和微观商帮文化），分别从理论上和实证上分析了文化的三个层面分别与农村劳动力创业选择的关系。文章具体内容包括：
研究一，对影响农村劳动力创业选择的因素进行理论分析，然后结合农村劳动力创业的特点，选择三大影响因素，然后提出九个假说，接着实证分析影响农村劳动力创业选择的主要影响因素。这章为下文从文化的角度来研究文化与农村劳动力创业选择的关系打下了良好的基础。
研究二，对宏观文化维度和农村劳动力创业倾向的关系进行理论分析，然后提出九个假说，接着实证研究了宏观文化维度与农村劳动力创业倾向的关系。
研究三，对中观创业文化氛围和农村劳动力创业选择的关系进行理论分析，然后提出十二个假说，接着实证研究了创业文化氛围与农村劳动力创业选择的关系，以及创业文化氛围对农村劳动力创业选择的影响机制。
研究四，构建了微观商帮文化的三维结构内容，并展开分析其内涵。接着利用实地访谈的资料，对商帮文化与农村劳动力创业选择之间的关系进行分析；然后利用已在经营沙县小吃的108位农村劳动力创业者的问卷调查，实证分析了微观商帮文化对农村劳动力选择创业原因的影响，以及微观商帮文化中哪个维度使农村劳动力更易于在创业中取得成功。
本文的主要结论如下：
结论一，社会文化因素是影响农村劳动力创业选择的重要因素。
结论二，宏观文化维度与农村劳动力创业倾向各维度的关系假设中，通过检验的是：个人主义与先行性之间是正相关关系；个人主义与勤奋积极性之间是正相关关系；不确定性规避与先行性之间是负相关关系；男性主义与先行性之间是正相关关系；男性主义与勤奋积极性之间是正相关关系。
结论三，中观创业文化氛围对农村劳动力创业选择有影响，影响路径有两条，一是创业文化氛围直接对农村劳动力创业选择起作用，二是创业文化氛围通过创业自我效能的中介作用对农村劳动力创业选择起作用。
结论四，微观商帮文化由商帮知识文化、商帮精神文化和商帮经营文化三个维度组成。访谈结果表明商帮文化对农村劳动力的创业选择有影响，其中商帮知识文化能降低农村劳动力创业的风险，提升他们创业的信心；商帮精神文化是推动农村劳动力创业的内在驱动力；商帮经营文化能提升农村劳动力经营能力，提高农村劳动力创业的成功率。商帮精神文化中的互助性和进取性在农村劳动力创业选择原因中起显著作用。商帮知识文化和商帮经营文化对农村劳动力创业成功与否作用显著；商帮知识文化中的过程性知识和商帮经营文化中的经营道德对农村劳动力创业的成功与否分别起主要作用。
本文研究表明，宏观文化维度、中观创业文化氛围和微观商帮文化分别对农村劳动力创业选择产生影响，而至于哪个方面对农村劳动力创业选择的影响更大？能否整合三个文化层次来研究其对农村劳动力创业选择的影响？有待在日后加以研究。
The difficulty to employ and increase revenue of rural labor, has become the core issue of the"three rural" issue.From the general experience of developed countries in the world to promote theemployment and achieve prosperity of rural labor, it is necessary to reduce the rural labor force, itis imperative that rural surplus labor force successfully transferred out; through the promotion ofthe rural labor force entrepreneurs to achieve the employment of rural labor and income is animportant way, also is a feasible path in the path selection.
Rural society in a relatively conservative and closed long-term, in this sense,“the choice ofpeople in villagers community is not entirely rational, but a habit, habitus, cultural choice, that issubject to the social and cultural structurein which outside the individual”.In a rural society baseson culture and relationship, market economy has not disseminated throughout the rural market, thesocial culture is often the main strength in incenting and constrainting the direction of the behaviorof rural labor force.The social culture impact profoundly on the choice of the rural labor force andthe selected results.“Culture-driven entrepreneurship, venture to enhance economic”is anresearch path agreed by cholars generally, but for the culture is how to venture, and the all levelsof culture is how to affect people’s entrepreneurship choice, people know little.China is known as"one soil, one party, ten different tones, different customs",This implied that the Chinese cultureput great emphasis on its regional, also shows the diversity of Chinese culture and culturaldiversity caused the diversification of entrepreneurial activity. So, how to combine the culturaldimensions, Entrepreneurial culture and Business group culture of a particular region to considerthe transfer behavior, entrepreneurship choice,is not only the deep-seated problems which thespecific rural areas must to slove in the progress of entrepreneurship, but also the deep-seatedproblems which to solution surplus rural labor force transfer by entrepreneuria. Therefore,how toexplain the specific behavior of the transfer of rural labor in the venture selected from a culturalperspective, and reveals the macro-cultural foundation, Meso entrepreneurial culture environment,micro-business group and the Mechanism behind the entrepreneurial choice,and proposed themeasures to raise the level of entrepreneurial activity,is the purpose of this paper.
From a cultural perspective to study the isse of entrepreneurship is still inadequate in China.From a cultural perspective to study the entrepreneurship of the rural labor force is muchfewer.The study results of region-specific entrepreneurial issues from other angles, but a lot oflacks, except from a cultural perspective;in such a small amount of research, even if the individualis from a cultural perspective to study entrepreneurial problem, but often only from the point ofview of the relative macro-cultural dimension to research,not considered a perspective in themacro-cultural foundation, Meso entrepreneurial culture environment, and micro-business group culture, leading to incomplete understanding.On the base of the need of the lack of research andpractice, put universe and type of the rural labor force entrepreneurship as a principle,we selectShaxian as a behalf regional. Take Shaxian rural labor business choice as the object of study,baseon farmers' entrepreneurial theory and cultural theory, from a culturally specific perspective, frommacro-cultural foundation, Meso entrepreneurial culture environment, micro-business groupculture respectively, to study its relationship with the business choice of the rural labor force,andto reveal the cultural foundation and cultural mechanisms of the entrepreneurs choice of rurallabor force in specific areas.
First, we combine at home and abroad related to the topic of this article Research,In order toestablish the framework of theoretical analysis.Then we give a brief introduce about thetheoretical and define the main concepts which were used by this article. Followed by theoreticaland empirical analysis, the socio-cultural factors indeed play a role in the business choice of therural labor force, which lay a solid foundation for the below article written from a culturalperspective. Then the article focuses on the three levels of culture (ie, macro-cultural dimensions,meso entrepreneurial culture and micro-business group culture),and study the relationship betweenthe three levels of culture and the business choice of the rural labor force in theoretically andempirically respectively. The paper content include:
The first study, is to analysis the influencing factors of the rural labor force entrepreneurschoice theoretically,and then combined with the entrepreneurial characteristics of the rural laborforce, select the three influencing factors, and then made nine hypotheses, then analysis the maininfluencing factors of the rural labor force entrepreneurs choice empirically.This chapter has laid agood foundation for the following study from the cultural perspective to study the relationshipbetween culture and the rural labor force entrepreneurs choice.
In study two, study the relevant theoretical of macro-cultural dimensions and entrepreneurialtendencies. Then made nine hypotheses, and followed by research the relationship between themacro-cultural dimensions and the entrepreneurial tendencies of the rural labor empirically.
In study three, study the relevant theoretical of Meso entrepreneurial culture environmentand entrepreneurial choice. Then made twelve hypotheses, and followed by research therelationship between the Meso entrepreneurial culture environment and the entrepreneurial choiceof the rural labor,and also study the influence mechanism from the Meso entrepreneurial cultureenvironment to the entrepreneurial choice.
In study four, build the three-dimensional structure content of the microcosmic businessculture and analyzes its connotation. Then use the interview data to analysis of the relationshipbetween business culture and the entrepreneurial choice of the rural labor force.Then use the entrepreneur questionnaire which written by108snack rural labor in the Shaxian County,toanalysis empirically the effect on business culture to the reason of the entrepreneurial choice ofthe rural labor force,and also analysis empirically which latitude of the microscopic commercialculture is more easy to success in the entrepreneure of rural labor force.
The main conclusion of this paper is followed:
Conclusion one, social cultural factors indeed influence the enterprise choice of the rurallabor force.
Conclusion two,the hypotheses of macro cultural dimensions and entrepreneurial orientationare partially verified. In particular: individualism and antecedent is positive correlation;individualism and diligence enthusiasm is positive correlation; uncertainty avoidance andantecedent is negative correlation; masculinity and antecedent is positive correlation; masculinityand diligence enthusiasm is positive correlation.
Conclusion three, Meso entrepreneurial culture environment has impact effect on theentrepreneurship choice of rural labor.There are two impact ways, one is the entrepreneurialculture atmosphere impact on rural labor entrepreneurship selection acts directly, another path isthrough the mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy to rural labor entrepreneurial choice.
Conclusion four, microcosmic commercial culture is composed of knowledge culture,spiritual culture and business culture. Merchant group knowledge culture are composed ofdescriptive knowledge and procedural knowledge.Interview results indicate that merchant groupculture has impact to the entrepreneurship choice of the rural labor. Merchant group knowledgeculture can reduce the business risk and raise their entrepreneurial confidence. Merchant groupspiritual culture is the driving force for the entrepreneurial choice of the rural labor. Merchantgroup business culture can improve the management capacity and the success rate inentrepreneurship of the rural labor.The mutual aid and enterprising workforce of the Merchantgroup spiritual culture play a prominent role to the reason of the entrepreneurship choice of therural labor force. Merchant group spiritual culture and business culture make effect in successentrepreneurship of the rural labor force. The process of knowledge in Merchant group knowledgeculture and the business ethics of in merchant group business culture make main effect on theentrepreneurial success of the rural labor force respectively.
This paper studies show, macroscopical culture dimension, Meso entrepreneurial cultureenvironment and microscopic commercial culture is make effect to the entrepreneurship choice ofthe rural labor respectively. And as to which aspects make more influence to the entrepreneurshipchoice of the rural labor? Can integrate the three cultural levels to study its effects onentrepreneurship selection of the rural labor? It is to be study in the future.
农村社会长期处于相对保守封闭的环境中，在这个意义上，“乡民社会的人们不完全是理性的选择，而是习性、惯习、文化的选择，即受制于个体之外的社会文化结构。”在这样一个以文化、关系为本的农村社会里，市场经济并没有浸染整个农村市场，社会文化往往是激励和约束农村劳动力行为方向的主要力量，深刻地影响着农村劳动力的选择行为和行为选择的结果。“文化驱动创业，创业提升经济”是学者们普遍认同的研究路径，但对于文化如何驱动人们创业、文化的各个层面又是如何影响人们创业选择却知之甚少。中国素有“一方水土、一方人，十里不同音、百里不同俗”的说法，说明中国文化十分强调它的地域性，也说明中国文化的多样性，而文化的多样性引起创业活动多样化。那么，如何结合特定地区的文化维度、创业文化氛围、商帮群体文化来考虑当地的农村劳动力的转移行为、创业选择、创业行业等，正是特定农村地区创业要解决的深层次问题，也是解决以农村劳动力创业来成功实现农村剩余劳动力转移的深层次问题。因此，如何从文化视角解释特定地区农村劳动力转移之创业选择的特定行为表现，揭示农村劳动力创业选择行为背后的宏观文化基础、中观创业文化氛围和微观商帮文化及其影响机制，从而提出提高农村创业活动水平的建议措施正是本文研究的目的所在。
我国目前从文化视角研究创业问题仍不充分，从文化视角研究农村劳动力创业的就更少；而从其他角度研究特定地区的创业问题的成果却不少，唯独从文化角度研究的比较欠缺；在这些少量的研究成果中，即便个别是从文化角度研究创业问题，但往往仅从相对宏观的文化维度的角度来研究，没有考虑中观创业文化氛围和相对微观的商帮文化的角度来研究，导致认识的不全面。基于研究的不足和实践的需要，本文以农村劳动力创业的普遍性和典型性为原则，选取福建沙县作为代表区域，以沙县农村劳动力创业选择为对象，以农民创业理论和社会文化理论为基础，试图从文化特定性的角度，分别从宏观文化维度、中观创业文化氛围和微观商帮文化三个层面分别研究其与农村劳动力创业选择之间的关系，揭示特定地区的农村劳动力创业选择的文化基础和文化机制。
本文先梳理国内外与本文论题相关的研究现状；然后对文章所使用到的理论进行简要介绍，对主要的概念进行界定和阐述；再在此基础上进行理论构建，以确立理论分析框架；接着分别通过理论和实证分析，得出社会文化因素在农村劳动力创业选择中确实起作用，这为下文从文化的角度来研究农村劳动力创业选择问题打下坚实的基础；接着文章围绕文化的三个层面（即宏观文化维度、中观创业文化氛围和微观商帮文化），分别从理论上和实证上分析了文化的三个层面分别与农村劳动力创业选择的关系。文章具体内容包括：
研究一，对影响农村劳动力创业选择的因素进行理论分析，然后结合农村劳动力创业的特点，选择三大影响因素，然后提出九个假说，接着实证分析影响农村劳动力创业选择的主要影响因素。这章为下文从文化的角度来研究文化与农村劳动力创业选择的关系打下了良好的基础。
研究二，对宏观文化维度和农村劳动力创业倾向的关系进行理论分析，然后提出九个假说，接着实证研究了宏观文化维度与农村劳动力创业倾向的关系。
研究三，对中观创业文化氛围和农村劳动力创业选择的关系进行理论分析，然后提出十二个假说，接着实证研究了创业文化氛围与农村劳动力创业选择的关系，以及创业文化氛围对农村劳动力创业选择的影响机制。
研究四，构建了微观商帮文化的三维结构内容，并展开分析其内涵。接着利用实地访谈的资料，对商帮文化与农村劳动力创业选择之间的关系进行分析；然后利用已在经营沙县小吃的108位农村劳动力创业者的问卷调查，实证分析了微观商帮文化对农村劳动力选择创业原因的影响，以及微观商帮文化中哪个维度使农村劳动力更易于在创业中取得成功。
本文的主要结论如下：
结论一，社会文化因素是影响农村劳动力创业选择的重要因素。
结论二，宏观文化维度与农村劳动力创业倾向各维度的关系假设中，通过检验的是：个人主义与先行性之间是正相关关系；个人主义与勤奋积极性之间是正相关关系；不确定性规避与先行性之间是负相关关系；男性主义与先行性之间是正相关关系；男性主义与勤奋积极性之间是正相关关系。
结论三，中观创业文化氛围对农村劳动力创业选择有影响，影响路径有两条，一是创业文化氛围直接对农村劳动力创业选择起作用，二是创业文化氛围通过创业自我效能的中介作用对农村劳动力创业选择起作用。
结论四，微观商帮文化由商帮知识文化、商帮精神文化和商帮经营文化三个维度组成。访谈结果表明商帮文化对农村劳动力的创业选择有影响，其中商帮知识文化能降低农村劳动力创业的风险，提升他们创业的信心；商帮精神文化是推动农村劳动力创业的内在驱动力；商帮经营文化能提升农村劳动力经营能力，提高农村劳动力创业的成功率。商帮精神文化中的互助性和进取性在农村劳动力创业选择原因中起显著作用。商帮知识文化和商帮经营文化对农村劳动力创业成功与否作用显著；商帮知识文化中的过程性知识和商帮经营文化中的经营道德对农村劳动力创业的成功与否分别起主要作用。
本文研究表明，宏观文化维度、中观创业文化氛围和微观商帮文化分别对农村劳动力创业选择产生影响，而至于哪个方面对农村劳动力创业选择的影响更大？能否整合三个文化层次来研究其对农村劳动力创业选择的影响？有待在日后加以研究。
The difficulty to employ and increase revenue of rural labor, has become the core issue of the"three rural" issue.From the general experience of developed countries in the world to promote theemployment and achieve prosperity of rural labor, it is necessary to reduce the rural labor force, itis imperative that rural surplus labor force successfully transferred out; through the promotion ofthe rural labor force entrepreneurs to achieve the employment of rural labor and income is animportant way, also is a feasible path in the path selection.
Rural society in a relatively conservative and closed long-term, in this sense,“the choice ofpeople in villagers community is not entirely rational, but a habit, habitus, cultural choice, that issubject to the social and cultural structurein which outside the individual”.In a rural society baseson culture and relationship, market economy has not disseminated throughout the rural market, thesocial culture is often the main strength in incenting and constrainting the direction of the behaviorof rural labor force.The social culture impact profoundly on the choice of the rural labor force andthe selected results.“Culture-driven entrepreneurship, venture to enhance economic”is anresearch path agreed by cholars generally, but for the culture is how to venture, and the all levelsof culture is how to affect people’s entrepreneurship choice, people know little.China is known as"one soil, one party, ten different tones, different customs",This implied that the Chinese cultureput great emphasis on its regional, also shows the diversity of Chinese culture and culturaldiversity caused the diversification of entrepreneurial activity. So, how to combine the culturaldimensions, Entrepreneurial culture and Business group culture of a particular region to considerthe transfer behavior, entrepreneurship choice,is not only the deep-seated problems which thespecific rural areas must to slove in the progress of entrepreneurship, but also the deep-seatedproblems which to solution surplus rural labor force transfer by entrepreneuria. Therefore,how toexplain the specific behavior of the transfer of rural labor in the venture selected from a culturalperspective, and reveals the macro-cultural foundation, Meso entrepreneurial culture environment,micro-business group and the Mechanism behind the entrepreneurial choice,and proposed themeasures to raise the level of entrepreneurial activity,is the purpose of this paper.
From a cultural perspective to study the isse of entrepreneurship is still inadequate in China.From a cultural perspective to study the entrepreneurship of the rural labor force is muchfewer.The study results of region-specific entrepreneurial issues from other angles, but a lot oflacks, except from a cultural perspective;in such a small amount of research, even if the individualis from a cultural perspective to study entrepreneurial problem, but often only from the point ofview of the relative macro-cultural dimension to research,not considered a perspective in themacro-cultural foundation, Meso entrepreneurial culture environment, and micro-business group culture, leading to incomplete understanding.On the base of the need of the lack of research andpractice, put universe and type of the rural labor force entrepreneurship as a principle,we selectShaxian as a behalf regional. Take Shaxian rural labor business choice as the object of study,baseon farmers' entrepreneurial theory and cultural theory, from a culturally specific perspective, frommacro-cultural foundation, Meso entrepreneurial culture environment, micro-business groupculture respectively, to study its relationship with the business choice of the rural labor force,andto reveal the cultural foundation and cultural mechanisms of the entrepreneurs choice of rurallabor force in specific areas.
First, we combine at home and abroad related to the topic of this article Research,In order toestablish the framework of theoretical analysis.Then we give a brief introduce about thetheoretical and define the main concepts which were used by this article. Followed by theoreticaland empirical analysis, the socio-cultural factors indeed play a role in the business choice of therural labor force, which lay a solid foundation for the below article written from a culturalperspective. Then the article focuses on the three levels of culture (ie, macro-cultural dimensions,meso entrepreneurial culture and micro-business group culture),and study the relationship betweenthe three levels of culture and the business choice of the rural labor force in theoretically andempirically respectively. The paper content include:
The first study, is to analysis the influencing factors of the rural labor force entrepreneurschoice theoretically,and then combined with the entrepreneurial characteristics of the rural laborforce, select the three influencing factors, and then made nine hypotheses, then analysis the maininfluencing factors of the rural labor force entrepreneurs choice empirically.This chapter has laid agood foundation for the following study from the cultural perspective to study the relationshipbetween culture and the rural labor force entrepreneurs choice.
In study two, study the relevant theoretical of macro-cultural dimensions and entrepreneurialtendencies. Then made nine hypotheses, and followed by research the relationship between themacro-cultural dimensions and the entrepreneurial tendencies of the rural labor empirically.
In study three, study the relevant theoretical of Meso entrepreneurial culture environmentand entrepreneurial choice. Then made twelve hypotheses, and followed by research therelationship between the Meso entrepreneurial culture environment and the entrepreneurial choiceof the rural labor,and also study the influence mechanism from the Meso entrepreneurial cultureenvironment to the entrepreneurial choice.
In study four, build the three-dimensional structure content of the microcosmic businessculture and analyzes its connotation. Then use the interview data to analysis of the relationshipbetween business culture and the entrepreneurial choice of the rural labor force.Then use the entrepreneur questionnaire which written by108snack rural labor in the Shaxian County,toanalysis empirically the effect on business culture to the reason of the entrepreneurial choice ofthe rural labor force,and also analysis empirically which latitude of the microscopic commercialculture is more easy to success in the entrepreneure of rural labor force.
The main conclusion of this paper is followed:
Conclusion one, social cultural factors indeed influence the enterprise choice of the rurallabor force.
Conclusion two,the hypotheses of macro cultural dimensions and entrepreneurial orientationare partially verified. In particular: individualism and antecedent is positive correlation;individualism and diligence enthusiasm is positive correlation; uncertainty avoidance andantecedent is negative correlation; masculinity and antecedent is positive correlation; masculinityand diligence enthusiasm is positive correlation.
Conclusion three, Meso entrepreneurial culture environment has impact effect on theentrepreneurship choice of rural labor.There are two impact ways, one is the entrepreneurialculture atmosphere impact on rural labor entrepreneurship selection acts directly, another path isthrough the mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy to rural labor entrepreneurial choice.
Conclusion four, microcosmic commercial culture is composed of knowledge culture,spiritual culture and business culture. Merchant group knowledge culture are composed ofdescriptive knowledge and procedural knowledge.Interview results indicate that merchant groupculture has impact to the entrepreneurship choice of the rural labor. Merchant group knowledgeculture can reduce the business risk and raise their entrepreneurial confidence. Merchant groupspiritual culture is the driving force for the entrepreneurial choice of the rural labor. Merchantgroup business culture can improve the management capacity and the success rate inentrepreneurship of the rural labor.The mutual aid and enterprising workforce of the Merchantgroup spiritual culture play a prominent role to the reason of the entrepreneurship choice of therural labor force. Merchant group spiritual culture and business culture make effect in successentrepreneurship of the rural labor force. The process of knowledge in Merchant group knowledgeculture and the business ethics of in merchant group business culture make main effect on theentrepreneurial success of the rural labor force respectively.
This paper studies show, macroscopical culture dimension, Meso entrepreneurial cultureenvironment and microscopic commercial culture is make effect to the entrepreneurship choice ofthe rural labor respectively. And as to which aspects make more influence to the entrepreneurshipchoice of the rural labor? Can integrate the three cultural levels to study its effects onentrepreneurship selection of the rural labor? It is to be study in the future.
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