协同项目计划决策支持系统
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摘要
随着经济全球化以及互联网技术的普及,协同项目生产模式得到了迅猛的发展。然而协同项目计划的管理和制定是个比较复杂的问题,与传统的单企业模式相比,协同项目计划的管理不再是单个企业不受其他约束条件制约的情况下进行计划和进度控制的过程,而是需要在多个企业的协作下共同进行计划与进度控制,这种计划与进度控制存在着诸多不确定性因素,用传统的算法或者解决模式很难找到最优的协同项目计划制定方案,所以本论文考虑将人为决策引入到协同项目计划管理过程中,使用人为决策来辅助解决协同项目计划中所存在的问题。
制定适用于协同项目特点分解的WBS分解规则对协同项目进行WBS分解。一般协同项目计划制订过程中,通常采用网络计划图来反映任务之间的依赖关系,进而通过网络图进行计算和资源平衡,制订出有效的协同项目计划,而网络图中的项目任务即是从WBS中获得的。所以本文根据协同项目的资源的不确定性、计划的易变性、计划的层次性和盟员企业间计划的协调性等特点设计了一个基于工期模糊标记和资源模糊标记的WBS分解规则,并且引入群体网络思想来确定各个子任务之间的关系。
设计了一个二阶段解决算法来解决协同项目计划中伙伴选择问题,第一阶段是对于协同项目计划中伙伴选择问题的定量问题建立问题模型,通过模拟退火算法来计算出一组较优结果集,第二阶段是对较优结果集使用模糊决策的方式决策出最优结果集,从而解决协同项目计划中伙伴选择问题。
根据上述的理论研究,基于面向对象软件设计的分析与软件设计过程实现了一个协同项目计划的决策支持系统,使用J2EE开发平台进行开发,使用Struts框架进行辅助开发,接收用户提交的协同项目计划中需要决策的决策请求以及返回决策结果提供给用户进行使用。实现了决策支持系统的数据库、模型库、知识库等基本功能模块。该系统可作为协同项目管理系统的一个子系统。
With the spreading of economic globailzation and the population of internet technology, Collaborative project mode has been of projection repid development. But the collaborative project management and development is a more complicated issue. Business models and compared to traditional single, Project planning and control is no longer a constraint for firms from other planning and progress control of the process, It requires the collaboration of multiple enterprises to plan and schedule control, The planning and progress control there are many uncertainties. Use the traditional algorithm or model is difficult to find the optimal solution of the collaborative project planning program, So this paper studies put the human decision-marking introduced to the collaborative project management process to solve the program.
Design the WBS decomposition rule for the Collaborative project features.Traditional collaborative project plan formulation process usually use the Network map to reflect the relationship between tasks, And use the Network map to allocation of resources and get the effective project plan. So this paper studies based on the uncertainty of the resources, The volatility of plan, The hierarchy of plan, The coordination of inter-enterprise program leaguer to design he WBS decomposition rule based on duration fuzzy mark and resource fuzzy mark.And the ideological groups introduced to determine the relationship between the various sub-tasks.
Design a two-stage solution algorithm to solve the partner selection problem in the collaborative project, The first stage to solve the quantification with the Simulation Annealing and made an optimum result set, The secend stage made the optimal result set with the fuzzy decision, In order to address the issue of partner selection.
According to these research on the theory, A decision support system of collaborative project plan is designed, External the systems use of J2EE development platform to achieve and supporting development with Struts framework, Mainly used for receiving user-submitted collaborative project decision making needs to request and return the results to the user to use decision-making. This implements the decision support system database, model, methods and other basic functions of decision module support system.Which could be treaded as the subsystem of system for management of collaborative project.
制定适用于协同项目特点分解的WBS分解规则对协同项目进行WBS分解。一般协同项目计划制订过程中,通常采用网络计划图来反映任务之间的依赖关系,进而通过网络图进行计算和资源平衡,制订出有效的协同项目计划,而网络图中的项目任务即是从WBS中获得的。所以本文根据协同项目的资源的不确定性、计划的易变性、计划的层次性和盟员企业间计划的协调性等特点设计了一个基于工期模糊标记和资源模糊标记的WBS分解规则,并且引入群体网络思想来确定各个子任务之间的关系。
设计了一个二阶段解决算法来解决协同项目计划中伙伴选择问题,第一阶段是对于协同项目计划中伙伴选择问题的定量问题建立问题模型,通过模拟退火算法来计算出一组较优结果集,第二阶段是对较优结果集使用模糊决策的方式决策出最优结果集,从而解决协同项目计划中伙伴选择问题。
根据上述的理论研究,基于面向对象软件设计的分析与软件设计过程实现了一个协同项目计划的决策支持系统,使用J2EE开发平台进行开发,使用Struts框架进行辅助开发,接收用户提交的协同项目计划中需要决策的决策请求以及返回决策结果提供给用户进行使用。实现了决策支持系统的数据库、模型库、知识库等基本功能模块。该系统可作为协同项目管理系统的一个子系统。
With the spreading of economic globailzation and the population of internet technology, Collaborative project mode has been of projection repid development. But the collaborative project management and development is a more complicated issue. Business models and compared to traditional single, Project planning and control is no longer a constraint for firms from other planning and progress control of the process, It requires the collaboration of multiple enterprises to plan and schedule control, The planning and progress control there are many uncertainties. Use the traditional algorithm or model is difficult to find the optimal solution of the collaborative project planning program, So this paper studies put the human decision-marking introduced to the collaborative project management process to solve the program.
Design the WBS decomposition rule for the Collaborative project features.Traditional collaborative project plan formulation process usually use the Network map to reflect the relationship between tasks, And use the Network map to allocation of resources and get the effective project plan. So this paper studies based on the uncertainty of the resources, The volatility of plan, The hierarchy of plan, The coordination of inter-enterprise program leaguer to design he WBS decomposition rule based on duration fuzzy mark and resource fuzzy mark.And the ideological groups introduced to determine the relationship between the various sub-tasks.
Design a two-stage solution algorithm to solve the partner selection problem in the collaborative project, The first stage to solve the quantification with the Simulation Annealing and made an optimum result set, The secend stage made the optimal result set with the fuzzy decision, In order to address the issue of partner selection.
According to these research on the theory, A decision support system of collaborative project plan is designed, External the systems use of J2EE development platform to achieve and supporting development with Struts framework, Mainly used for receiving user-submitted collaborative project decision making needs to request and return the results to the user to use decision-making. This implements the decision support system database, model, methods and other basic functions of decision module support system.Which could be treaded as the subsystem of system for management of collaborative project.
引文
[1]杜栋,乔靖轩.基于协同管理系统的协同项目管理平台分析[J].项目管理技术,2010,8(10):19-29.
[2]王艳秋,苗建军.项目团队协同力模型研究[J].科技进步与对策,2007,24(09):1290-1298.
[3]薛学富,王韡.企业协同项目管理研究[J].舰船科学技术,2009,31(02):71-78.
[4]朱俊文.项目管理体系研究[D].天津:天津大学硕士论文,2003:1-7.
[5] CUNBIN L, KECHEN W. Project Management Within Virtual Software Teams[C]. Innovations and Applications, 2001: 69-74.
[6]孙振兴,贲莉莉,王家杰.决策支持系统的现状与开发[J].中国交通信息产业,2010,(03):1585-1590.
[7]彭运芳.论决策支持系统的发展概况和应用现状[J].科技与经济, 2003,16(06):75-80.
[8]谭杰中.决策支持系统应用现状及发展方向研究[J].柳州职业技术学院学报, 2002,2(04):112-130.
[9]黎永良,崔杜武.MVC设计模式的改进与应用[J].计算机工程, 2005,31(09):69-74.
[10]寇毅,吴力文.基于MVC设计模式的Struts框架的应用方法[J].计算机应用,2003,23(11):191-201.
[11] J.BLAZEWICZ, J.K.LENSTRA. Scheduling project to resource constraints[J]. Discerete Applied Mathematics , 2000, 168(1): 11-12.
[12] R.L.GRAHAM, E.L. LAWLER. Optimization and approximation in deterministic sequencing and scheduling theory[J]. Annals of discrete Mathematics, 2000, 33(1): 287-326.
[13] SAIDHE S, TAN T, BAKER K. Personal identification based on handwriting[J]. Pattern Recognition, 2000, 154(1): 149-160.
[14] S.E.ELMAGHRABY. Activity Networks project planning and contol by network Models [R]. Wiley, New York, 1997.
[15] ZHANG H, KISHORE R, SHARMA R. Agile integration modeling language(AIML):a conceptual modeling grammar for agile integrative business information systems [J]. Annals of Operations Research, 2007, 53(2): 533-551.
[16] J.CARLIER. The one machine sequencing problem[J]. Europan Journal of Operational Reserch, 2000, 3(11): 149-160.
[17] A.HERROELEN. A project scheduling problem library. European Journal of Operational Research, 1996, 16(9):205-219.
[18]郭志涛,杨海鹰.基于进度WBS的大型工程项目集成控制[J].煤炭工程,2007,(10):191-201.
[19]吴竖.基于WBS的工程监理管理信息系统研究[J].中国高新技术企业,2008,(6):21-35.
[20]张仕廉.基于WBS的施工安全管理体系设计[J].建筑经济,2008,(11):54-61.
[21] RONALD M. Winter Construction Scheduling with Primavera Project Planner [J]. Cost Engineering, 2003, 45(10): 131-134.
[22]孔建寿.基于Web的同步协同设计实现技术[J].南京理工大学学报,2002,26(3):3-13.
[23]林世勇.基于ASP的分布式项目管理系统的研究与实现[J].现代制造工程,2003,(5):195-197.
[24]金鑫.基于ARM-Linux的智能家居网络终端的设计与实现[J].电脑知识与技术,2010,6(7):38-42.
[25]吕文辉,王松江.基于C-PMBOK的广义WBS集成研究[J].管理学报,2009,6(6):281-291.
[26] SEAN B. Eom The Intelligent Development and Structure of Decision Support System[J]. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 2002, 6(3): 281-291.
[27]陈曦,王执铨.决策支持系统理论与方法研究综述[J].控制与决策,2006,21(9):205-207.
[28]刘玉田,王春义.基于数据仓库的网架恢复群体智能决策支持系统[J].电力系统自动化,2009,(1):69-72.
[29]武刚.竞争性电子采购智能群决策支持系统设计[J].中国管理信息化.2007,10(10):798-816.
[30]王成.基于数据仓库和数据挖掘技术的温室决策支持系统[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(11):1912-1919.
[31]郑国英.建设项目过程评价内容研究[J].建筑管理现代化,2008,(5):945-949.
[32]赵丽丽.协同项目计划控制研究[J].山西建筑学报,2008,25(6):152-165.
[33]王勃.项目管理的计算机软件应用方法[J].广西大学学报,2007,29(6):23-34.
[34] HAN S, ISHII H. Automating Progress Measurement Of Construction Projects[J]. Europan Journal of Operational Reserch, 2000, 3(11): 149-160.
[35] E.DEMEULEMEESTER, J.B.GHOSH,C.E.WELLS. Towards automated progress assessment of workpackage components in construction projects using computer vision[J]. Management Science, 2005, 41(3): 146-150.
[36]杜江,孙玉芳.基于面向对象模型库的DSS可重用体系结构研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,20(1):11-25.
[37] GANAPATHY S, NARAYANAN S. Simulation based decision support for supply chain logistics[J]. Evolutionary Computation, 2000, 8(1):1-29.
[38] MUNETOMO M, GOLDBERG D E. Decision Support System for Projuction Planning and Bidpreparation for a Small Job Shop Manufacture[R]. IlliGAL Report No.98014, Urbana:University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1998.
[39] R.DEMEULEMEESTER. A sequential niche technique for multi-modal function optimization[J]. Evolutionary Computation, 1993, 1(2):101-125.
[40] P.BRUCKER, B.JURISH. Designation and Implementation of High Frequency Signal Generator Based on DDS[J]. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 2001,13(49): 73-114.
[41]钟小全.多系统整合中单点登录的设计与实现[J].计算机与现代化,2008, (12):11-23.
[42]林剑雄,周晓慧.基于Ajax和MVC架构的研究与应用[J].机电工程,2010,27(4):46-57.
[43]何成万,余秋惠.MVC模型及软件框架Struts的研究[J].计算机工程,2002,28(6):17-26.
[44] TADEUSZ PANKOWSKI, TOMASZ PILKA. Transformation of XML Data into XML Normal Form [J]. Informatica, 2009,33(4): 173-184.
[2]王艳秋,苗建军.项目团队协同力模型研究[J].科技进步与对策,2007,24(09):1290-1298.
[3]薛学富,王韡.企业协同项目管理研究[J].舰船科学技术,2009,31(02):71-78.
[4]朱俊文.项目管理体系研究[D].天津:天津大学硕士论文,2003:1-7.
[5] CUNBIN L, KECHEN W. Project Management Within Virtual Software Teams[C]. Innovations and Applications, 2001: 69-74.
[6]孙振兴,贲莉莉,王家杰.决策支持系统的现状与开发[J].中国交通信息产业,2010,(03):1585-1590.
[7]彭运芳.论决策支持系统的发展概况和应用现状[J].科技与经济, 2003,16(06):75-80.
[8]谭杰中.决策支持系统应用现状及发展方向研究[J].柳州职业技术学院学报, 2002,2(04):112-130.
[9]黎永良,崔杜武.MVC设计模式的改进与应用[J].计算机工程, 2005,31(09):69-74.
[10]寇毅,吴力文.基于MVC设计模式的Struts框架的应用方法[J].计算机应用,2003,23(11):191-201.
[11] J.BLAZEWICZ, J.K.LENSTRA. Scheduling project to resource constraints[J]. Discerete Applied Mathematics , 2000, 168(1): 11-12.
[12] R.L.GRAHAM, E.L. LAWLER. Optimization and approximation in deterministic sequencing and scheduling theory[J]. Annals of discrete Mathematics, 2000, 33(1): 287-326.
[13] SAIDHE S, TAN T, BAKER K. Personal identification based on handwriting[J]. Pattern Recognition, 2000, 154(1): 149-160.
[14] S.E.ELMAGHRABY. Activity Networks project planning and contol by network Models [R]. Wiley, New York, 1997.
[15] ZHANG H, KISHORE R, SHARMA R. Agile integration modeling language(AIML):a conceptual modeling grammar for agile integrative business information systems [J]. Annals of Operations Research, 2007, 53(2): 533-551.
[16] J.CARLIER. The one machine sequencing problem[J]. Europan Journal of Operational Reserch, 2000, 3(11): 149-160.
[17] A.HERROELEN. A project scheduling problem library. European Journal of Operational Research, 1996, 16(9):205-219.
[18]郭志涛,杨海鹰.基于进度WBS的大型工程项目集成控制[J].煤炭工程,2007,(10):191-201.
[19]吴竖.基于WBS的工程监理管理信息系统研究[J].中国高新技术企业,2008,(6):21-35.
[20]张仕廉.基于WBS的施工安全管理体系设计[J].建筑经济,2008,(11):54-61.
[21] RONALD M. Winter Construction Scheduling with Primavera Project Planner [J]. Cost Engineering, 2003, 45(10): 131-134.
[22]孔建寿.基于Web的同步协同设计实现技术[J].南京理工大学学报,2002,26(3):3-13.
[23]林世勇.基于ASP的分布式项目管理系统的研究与实现[J].现代制造工程,2003,(5):195-197.
[24]金鑫.基于ARM-Linux的智能家居网络终端的设计与实现[J].电脑知识与技术,2010,6(7):38-42.
[25]吕文辉,王松江.基于C-PMBOK的广义WBS集成研究[J].管理学报,2009,6(6):281-291.
[26] SEAN B. Eom The Intelligent Development and Structure of Decision Support System[J]. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 2002, 6(3): 281-291.
[27]陈曦,王执铨.决策支持系统理论与方法研究综述[J].控制与决策,2006,21(9):205-207.
[28]刘玉田,王春义.基于数据仓库的网架恢复群体智能决策支持系统[J].电力系统自动化,2009,(1):69-72.
[29]武刚.竞争性电子采购智能群决策支持系统设计[J].中国管理信息化.2007,10(10):798-816.
[30]王成.基于数据仓库和数据挖掘技术的温室决策支持系统[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(11):1912-1919.
[31]郑国英.建设项目过程评价内容研究[J].建筑管理现代化,2008,(5):945-949.
[32]赵丽丽.协同项目计划控制研究[J].山西建筑学报,2008,25(6):152-165.
[33]王勃.项目管理的计算机软件应用方法[J].广西大学学报,2007,29(6):23-34.
[34] HAN S, ISHII H. Automating Progress Measurement Of Construction Projects[J]. Europan Journal of Operational Reserch, 2000, 3(11): 149-160.
[35] E.DEMEULEMEESTER, J.B.GHOSH,C.E.WELLS. Towards automated progress assessment of workpackage components in construction projects using computer vision[J]. Management Science, 2005, 41(3): 146-150.
[36]杜江,孙玉芳.基于面向对象模型库的DSS可重用体系结构研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,20(1):11-25.
[37] GANAPATHY S, NARAYANAN S. Simulation based decision support for supply chain logistics[J]. Evolutionary Computation, 2000, 8(1):1-29.
[38] MUNETOMO M, GOLDBERG D E. Decision Support System for Projuction Planning and Bidpreparation for a Small Job Shop Manufacture[R]. IlliGAL Report No.98014, Urbana:University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1998.
[39] R.DEMEULEMEESTER. A sequential niche technique for multi-modal function optimization[J]. Evolutionary Computation, 1993, 1(2):101-125.
[40] P.BRUCKER, B.JURISH. Designation and Implementation of High Frequency Signal Generator Based on DDS[J]. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 2001,13(49): 73-114.
[41]钟小全.多系统整合中单点登录的设计与实现[J].计算机与现代化,2008, (12):11-23.
[42]林剑雄,周晓慧.基于Ajax和MVC架构的研究与应用[J].机电工程,2010,27(4):46-57.
[43]何成万,余秋惠.MVC模型及软件框架Struts的研究[J].计算机工程,2002,28(6):17-26.
[44] TADEUSZ PANKOWSKI, TOMASZ PILKA. Transformation of XML Data into XML Normal Form [J]. Informatica, 2009,33(4): 173-184.