穿水钢筋的焊接工艺及设备研发
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摘要
利用20MnSi II级钢筋成分通过普通轧制和控冷生产余热处理钢筋,即穿水钢筋,在闪光对焊机改进的基础上,选用闪光对焊方法和连续闪光对焊工艺,配合合理焊接工艺参数能获得优质接头。变穿水钢筋机械连接为焊接连接,有利于穿水钢筋在国内外推广使用。
穿水钢筋采用普通轧制和穿水冷却工艺生产,钢筋边部与中部的组织和硬度不同,经过焊接热循环的作用,边部热影响区发生软化,但高于钢筋中部母材的硬度,钢筋轴线部位则不发生软化。从总体上看,穿水钢筋焊接接头不存在软化问题。
穿水钢筋在闪光对焊焊接热循环的作用下,接头晶粒长大是不可避免的。焊接接头热影响区奥氏体晶粒尺寸随着t8/5的增加而明显长大。但焊接热影响区的硬度和韧性并不取决于奥氏体晶粒尺寸的大小,而主要取决于所形成的不平衡组织的形态。
穿水钢筋在闪光对焊焊接工艺的适应性良好。在选择焊接工艺时,首先要满足强度的要求,在焊接接头强度不低于母材的强度的前提下,可适用于很宽的焊接热输入范围。
穿水钢筋经过闪光对焊焊接接头的拉伸性能:σ_b为635～645MPa,σ_s为480～490MPa。断裂位置都发生在母材,断口特征为延性,有颈缩,有明显屈服,比普通Ⅲ级钢筋的强度有大幅度提高。
The main topics of 20MnSi II-reinforced components through ordinary rolling and cooling bars production dealing with waste heat, that is water-cooling bars. In the flash butt welding machine to improve on the basis of selection of flash butt welding methods and continuous flash butt welding process, welding technology with reasonable quality parameters can be joined. The change from mechanical connection to welding is to promote the use of the water-cooling bars at home and abroad.
With the production of ordinary rolling and cooling for water-cooling bars, the hardness of the edge and the central part is different . After welding thermal cycle the role of the heat-affected zone edge softening occurred, but not below the central base metal hardness , bar axis location is not softening. Generally speaking, the problem of softening in welded joints does not exist.
Water-cooling bars in the flash butt welding welded to the effects of thermal cycling, the joint grain growth is inevitable. Heat-affected zone of welded joints Austenite grain size grow with t8 / 5 increasing significantly. However, HAZ hardness and toughness do not depend on the size of Austenite grain size, but mainly depend on the imbalance organization formed by the forming.
Water-cooling bars in the flash butt welding process adapts well. With the choice of welding technology, the first to meet the requirements of strength which is not less than the strength of the base metal under the premise that can be applied to a wide range of welding heat input.
Water-cooling bars after flash butt welding welded joints of tensile properties: forσ_b the 635~645 MPa, forσ_s 480~490 MPa. Fracture occurred in the location of the base metal, ductile fracture characteristics, necking, with a clear yield than ordinary classⅢreinforced the strength of a substantial increase.
穿水钢筋采用普通轧制和穿水冷却工艺生产,钢筋边部与中部的组织和硬度不同,经过焊接热循环的作用,边部热影响区发生软化,但高于钢筋中部母材的硬度,钢筋轴线部位则不发生软化。从总体上看,穿水钢筋焊接接头不存在软化问题。
穿水钢筋在闪光对焊焊接热循环的作用下,接头晶粒长大是不可避免的。焊接接头热影响区奥氏体晶粒尺寸随着t8/5的增加而明显长大。但焊接热影响区的硬度和韧性并不取决于奥氏体晶粒尺寸的大小,而主要取决于所形成的不平衡组织的形态。
穿水钢筋在闪光对焊焊接工艺的适应性良好。在选择焊接工艺时,首先要满足强度的要求,在焊接接头强度不低于母材的强度的前提下,可适用于很宽的焊接热输入范围。
穿水钢筋经过闪光对焊焊接接头的拉伸性能:σ_b为635～645MPa,σ_s为480～490MPa。断裂位置都发生在母材,断口特征为延性,有颈缩,有明显屈服,比普通Ⅲ级钢筋的强度有大幅度提高。
The main topics of 20MnSi II-reinforced components through ordinary rolling and cooling bars production dealing with waste heat, that is water-cooling bars. In the flash butt welding machine to improve on the basis of selection of flash butt welding methods and continuous flash butt welding process, welding technology with reasonable quality parameters can be joined. The change from mechanical connection to welding is to promote the use of the water-cooling bars at home and abroad.
With the production of ordinary rolling and cooling for water-cooling bars, the hardness of the edge and the central part is different . After welding thermal cycle the role of the heat-affected zone edge softening occurred, but not below the central base metal hardness , bar axis location is not softening. Generally speaking, the problem of softening in welded joints does not exist.
Water-cooling bars in the flash butt welding welded to the effects of thermal cycling, the joint grain growth is inevitable. Heat-affected zone of welded joints Austenite grain size grow with t8 / 5 increasing significantly. However, HAZ hardness and toughness do not depend on the size of Austenite grain size, but mainly depend on the imbalance organization formed by the forming.
Water-cooling bars in the flash butt welding process adapts well. With the choice of welding technology, the first to meet the requirements of strength which is not less than the strength of the base metal under the premise that can be applied to a wide range of welding heat input.
Water-cooling bars after flash butt welding welded joints of tensile properties: forσ_b the 635~645 MPa, forσ_s 480~490 MPa. Fracture occurred in the location of the base metal, ductile fracture characteristics, necking, with a clear yield than ordinary classⅢreinforced the strength of a substantial increase.
引文
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[2]张均生,成建林,范红梅. 20MnSiⅡ级带肋钢筋质量的改善[J].江西冶金,2000,20(6):5.
[3]曹树卫.高速线材轧机轧制堆钢产生原因及对策[J].轧钢,2003,20(1):64-65.
[4]赵言冰,施明恒.纳米尺度固体悬浮颗粒强化池沸腾换热的实验研究[J].能源研究与利用,2002(3):26-29.
[5]刘慧,齐志新,温华娴.轧后穿水冷却工艺对棒材组织性能的影响[J].山东冶金,2003(25):57-59.
[6]欧阳英姿.广钢连轧分厂水冷工艺实践[J].冶金丛刊,2006(6):11-13.
[7]崔风平,刘佩明.棒材轧后双线高效冷却系统的研制与应用[J].重型机械科,2004,2:1-4.
[8]任吉堂,徐树成.一种新型的热轧棒线材强力穿水冷却装置[J].钢铁,2003,38(3):57-60.
[9] RUSSWURM D, WILLE P. High strength weldable reinforcing bars[J]. Microalloying 95, Pittsburgh, PA, ISS. 1995:24-25.
[10]刘永泰,孟宪珩,孟英骁.提高热轧钢筋质量满足市场需求[J].钢铁,2000,35(12):69-72.
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[12] DAGN SOLLANDER. New understand dimension control for rod and mills [J]. Metallurgical plant and technology,1999,2:42-45.
[13]孙建国.控轧控冷技术在小型材生产中的应用[J].轧钢,2004,21(2):36-38.
[14]傅民安,张立龙.螺纹钢筋生产余能利用及其发展前景[J].江西科学,2006,24(4):226-229.
[15]胡林,宋立国.生产400MPa带肋钢筋用强制冷却器的研究[J].轧钢,2003,20(3):4-6.
[16] LEE YOUNGSEOG. Calculating model of mean strain in rod rolling press[J]. ISIJ international, 1999,39(9):961-964.
[17] NISHIO SHIGEFUMI, GOTOH TETSUSHI, NAGAI NIROH. Observation of boiling structures in high heat-flux boiling[J]. ISIJ, 1998:85-89.
[18] KUNITO OKUYAMA, KIM JEONG-HUN, SHOJI MORI. Boiling propagation of water on a smooth film heater surface[J]. EI, 2005:126.
[19]者江,孙晗,李现昌,等.水喷射淬冷高温壁面的传热实验研究[J].工程热物理学报, 1997(9):629-633.
[20]屈朝霞,田志凌,何长红,等.超细晶粒钢及其焊接性[J].钢铁,2000,35(2):70-73.
[21]田志凌,屈朝霞. 400 MPa级超细晶粒钢的焊接[J].焊接学报,2001,22(6) :1-3.
[22]彭云,田志凌.两种规格超细晶粒钢的激光焊接[J].焊接学报,2001,22(1): 31-35.
[23] INOUE T, HAGIWARAY. Fracture behavior of welded joints with HAZ under matching[C]. Proceeding of the ninth international conference on offshore mechanics and arctic engineering(part A),1990, 18- 23( 2):253-260.
[24] AKIRO SATO. Research project on innovative steels in Japan (STX-21 Project)[C],Proc.of the international conference ultra steel 2000Tsukuba, Japan 2000. 1-10.
[25] SHIGA C. Progress in welding and joining in STX-21 project [ C ].Tsukuba,Japan,2000.159-173.
[26] LEE WON-PYO. Development of high performance structural steels for 21st.century in Korea[ C].Tsukuba-,Japan,2000.179-186.
[27] NAGAI KOTOBU. An introduction of new organization for advanced steel research at NIMS[A]. Beijing, China, 2002. 82.
[28] NAGAI KOTOBU. The State of the arts of the ultra- steel project[A]. Japan, 2003. 23-28.
[29] WANE G D. Development and application of 400 MPa super steel [A]. The Chinese society for metals, Beijing, China, 2001. 55-61.
[30] CHEN W,PENG Y,WANG C. Welding thin plate of 400MPa grade ultra-fine grained steel using CO2 laser proceedings of the international symposium on ultra-fine grained steels(ISUGB 2001)[C].September 20-22 2001, Fukuoka Japan, the iron and steel institute of Japan.
[31]吴林,陈善本.智能化焊接技术[M].国防工业出版社. 2000 (8):20-25.
[32]吴成材,杨熊川,王金平,等.钢筋连接技术手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999.
[33]王治平,王克争,何方殿.闪光焊工艺与设备的发展[J].焊接学报.2000 (9) : 93-96.
[34] IRVING BOB. The search goes on for the perfect resistance welding control [J] Welding journal. May 1996:27-30.
[35]司林杰.程序降低电压闪光对焊的控制[J].焊接技术. 2003 (10) : 46-47.
[36]池强,王士元.脉冲闪光对焊设备的研究[J].电焊机. 2001 (9 ): 22-24.
[37]关新,杜文利.闪光对焊机自动控制系统的研究[M].辽宁大学学报,1997 (4) : 53-57.
[38]赵熹华.压力焊[M].机械工业出版社. 1994(5): 83.
[39] KANNATEY ASIBU ELIJAH J R.Welding and joining processes. ASME[M]. Producton engineering division 1991:91-95.
[40] KUCHUK-YATSENKO S J, KAZYMOV B J,KRIVENKO V G. Flash welding of large high strength steel pipe[J].Welding journal. July, 1990;30-34.
[41] JGJ18296.钢筋焊接及验收规程[S].
[42] STANWAY J D. Technology advance in resistance welding control. Welding design&metal fabrication[M].1992(4).
[43]中国机械工程学会焊接学会电阻焊专业委员会.电阻焊理论与实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社.1994.
[44] YKANETSUKI M. KATSUMATA. Effects of heating and cooling rate on transformation behaviors in weld heat affected zone of low carbon steel journal of the iron and steel institute of Japan [J], Vol 84, No 2, Feb.1998.
[45] GIANETTO J A, BRAID J.E.M, BOWKER J T. Heat-affected zone toughness of a TMCP steel designed for low temperature applications journal of offshore mechanics and arctic engineering transactions of the ASME [J],Vol 119,No 2,May 1997.
[46] LEE S, KIM B C., KWON D. Correlation of microstructure and fracture properties in weld heat-affected zones of thermo mechanically controlled processed steels metallurgical transactions A[J],Vol 23 A, Oct 1992.
[47] PENG Y., TIAN Z., WANG C. Study of welding ultra-fine grained ferrite steel by CO2 laser research[J], Vol 73, No 11, Nov 2002.
[48]彭云,田志凌,何长红,等. 400MPa级超细晶粒钢板焊接热影响区的组织和力学性能[J].焊接学报,2000(5): 21-24.
[49]赵洪运. 400MPa级超细晶粒钢电弧焊焊接接头组织性能分析[J].金属热处理,2005, 30( 8): 8-10.
[50] NAGAI K. State of the art of 800 MPa steel project in Japan[A]. Beijing, China, 2001. 8-15.
[51] CHOO W Y. Present developing status of high performance steel in Korea(HIPERS-21 Project )[A]. Beijing,China,2001.6-26.
[52] WENG Y Q. Development of ultra fine grained steel in China[A]. Beijing, China,2001. 1-7.
[53] COURTNEY T H. Mechanical behavior of materials [M] . Mcgraw-Hill publishing company, New York, USA, International Edition,1990.441-455.
[54]李曼云,孙本荣.钢的控制轧制和控制冷却技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998.
[55]王有铭,李曼云,韦光,等.钢材的控制轧制和控制冷却[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1995.
[56]王治平,王克争,何方殿.闪光焊工艺与设备的发展[J].焊接学报,2000 (9) : 93-96.
[57] IRVING BOB. The search goes on for the perfect resistance welding control [J] .Welding Journal.May 1996:27-30.
[58]司林杰.程序降低电压闪光对焊的控制[J].焊接技术,2003 (10) : 46-47.
[59]池强,王士元.脉冲闪光对焊设备的研究[J].电焊机,2001 (9 ): 22-24.
[60]关新,杜文利.闪光对焊机自动控制系统的研究[J].辽宁大学学报,1997 (4) : 53-57.
[61]赵熹华.压力焊[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1994(5).
[2]张均生,成建林,范红梅. 20MnSiⅡ级带肋钢筋质量的改善[J].江西冶金,2000,20(6):5.
[3]曹树卫.高速线材轧机轧制堆钢产生原因及对策[J].轧钢,2003,20(1):64-65.
[4]赵言冰,施明恒.纳米尺度固体悬浮颗粒强化池沸腾换热的实验研究[J].能源研究与利用,2002(3):26-29.
[5]刘慧,齐志新,温华娴.轧后穿水冷却工艺对棒材组织性能的影响[J].山东冶金,2003(25):57-59.
[6]欧阳英姿.广钢连轧分厂水冷工艺实践[J].冶金丛刊,2006(6):11-13.
[7]崔风平,刘佩明.棒材轧后双线高效冷却系统的研制与应用[J].重型机械科,2004,2:1-4.
[8]任吉堂,徐树成.一种新型的热轧棒线材强力穿水冷却装置[J].钢铁,2003,38(3):57-60.
[9] RUSSWURM D, WILLE P. High strength weldable reinforcing bars[J]. Microalloying 95, Pittsburgh, PA, ISS. 1995:24-25.
[10]刘永泰,孟宪珩,孟英骁.提高热轧钢筋质量满足市场需求[J].钢铁,2000,35(12):69-72.
[11]李曼云,孙本荣.钢的控制轧制和控制冷却技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998.
[12] DAGN SOLLANDER. New understand dimension control for rod and mills [J]. Metallurgical plant and technology,1999,2:42-45.
[13]孙建国.控轧控冷技术在小型材生产中的应用[J].轧钢,2004,21(2):36-38.
[14]傅民安,张立龙.螺纹钢筋生产余能利用及其发展前景[J].江西科学,2006,24(4):226-229.
[15]胡林,宋立国.生产400MPa带肋钢筋用强制冷却器的研究[J].轧钢,2003,20(3):4-6.
[16] LEE YOUNGSEOG. Calculating model of mean strain in rod rolling press[J]. ISIJ international, 1999,39(9):961-964.
[17] NISHIO SHIGEFUMI, GOTOH TETSUSHI, NAGAI NIROH. Observation of boiling structures in high heat-flux boiling[J]. ISIJ, 1998:85-89.
[18] KUNITO OKUYAMA, KIM JEONG-HUN, SHOJI MORI. Boiling propagation of water on a smooth film heater surface[J]. EI, 2005:126.
[19]者江,孙晗,李现昌,等.水喷射淬冷高温壁面的传热实验研究[J].工程热物理学报, 1997(9):629-633.
[20]屈朝霞,田志凌,何长红,等.超细晶粒钢及其焊接性[J].钢铁,2000,35(2):70-73.
[21]田志凌,屈朝霞. 400 MPa级超细晶粒钢的焊接[J].焊接学报,2001,22(6) :1-3.
[22]彭云,田志凌.两种规格超细晶粒钢的激光焊接[J].焊接学报,2001,22(1): 31-35.
[23] INOUE T, HAGIWARAY. Fracture behavior of welded joints with HAZ under matching[C]. Proceeding of the ninth international conference on offshore mechanics and arctic engineering(part A),1990, 18- 23( 2):253-260.
[24] AKIRO SATO. Research project on innovative steels in Japan (STX-21 Project)[C],Proc.of the international conference ultra steel 2000Tsukuba, Japan 2000. 1-10.
[25] SHIGA C. Progress in welding and joining in STX-21 project [ C ].Tsukuba,Japan,2000.159-173.
[26] LEE WON-PYO. Development of high performance structural steels for 21st.century in Korea[ C].Tsukuba-,Japan,2000.179-186.
[27] NAGAI KOTOBU. An introduction of new organization for advanced steel research at NIMS[A]. Beijing, China, 2002. 82.
[28] NAGAI KOTOBU. The State of the arts of the ultra- steel project[A]. Japan, 2003. 23-28.
[29] WANE G D. Development and application of 400 MPa super steel [A]. The Chinese society for metals, Beijing, China, 2001. 55-61.
[30] CHEN W,PENG Y,WANG C. Welding thin plate of 400MPa grade ultra-fine grained steel using CO2 laser proceedings of the international symposium on ultra-fine grained steels(ISUGB 2001)[C].September 20-22 2001, Fukuoka Japan, the iron and steel institute of Japan.
[31]吴林,陈善本.智能化焊接技术[M].国防工业出版社. 2000 (8):20-25.
[32]吴成材,杨熊川,王金平,等.钢筋连接技术手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999.
[33]王治平,王克争,何方殿.闪光焊工艺与设备的发展[J].焊接学报.2000 (9) : 93-96.
[34] IRVING BOB. The search goes on for the perfect resistance welding control [J] Welding journal. May 1996:27-30.
[35]司林杰.程序降低电压闪光对焊的控制[J].焊接技术. 2003 (10) : 46-47.
[36]池强,王士元.脉冲闪光对焊设备的研究[J].电焊机. 2001 (9 ): 22-24.
[37]关新,杜文利.闪光对焊机自动控制系统的研究[M].辽宁大学学报,1997 (4) : 53-57.
[38]赵熹华.压力焊[M].机械工业出版社. 1994(5): 83.
[39] KANNATEY ASIBU ELIJAH J R.Welding and joining processes. ASME[M]. Producton engineering division 1991:91-95.
[40] KUCHUK-YATSENKO S J, KAZYMOV B J,KRIVENKO V G. Flash welding of large high strength steel pipe[J].Welding journal. July, 1990;30-34.
[41] JGJ18296.钢筋焊接及验收规程[S].
[42] STANWAY J D. Technology advance in resistance welding control. Welding design&metal fabrication[M].1992(4).
[43]中国机械工程学会焊接学会电阻焊专业委员会.电阻焊理论与实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社.1994.
[44] YKANETSUKI M. KATSUMATA. Effects of heating and cooling rate on transformation behaviors in weld heat affected zone of low carbon steel journal of the iron and steel institute of Japan [J], Vol 84, No 2, Feb.1998.
[45] GIANETTO J A, BRAID J.E.M, BOWKER J T. Heat-affected zone toughness of a TMCP steel designed for low temperature applications journal of offshore mechanics and arctic engineering transactions of the ASME [J],Vol 119,No 2,May 1997.
[46] LEE S, KIM B C., KWON D. Correlation of microstructure and fracture properties in weld heat-affected zones of thermo mechanically controlled processed steels metallurgical transactions A[J],Vol 23 A, Oct 1992.
[47] PENG Y., TIAN Z., WANG C. Study of welding ultra-fine grained ferrite steel by CO2 laser research[J], Vol 73, No 11, Nov 2002.
[48]彭云,田志凌,何长红,等. 400MPa级超细晶粒钢板焊接热影响区的组织和力学性能[J].焊接学报,2000(5): 21-24.
[49]赵洪运. 400MPa级超细晶粒钢电弧焊焊接接头组织性能分析[J].金属热处理,2005, 30( 8): 8-10.
[50] NAGAI K. State of the art of 800 MPa steel project in Japan[A]. Beijing, China, 2001. 8-15.
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