基于工业数据的报警及预警系统研究
摘要
工业生产过程复杂,设备繁多,如何监视设备运行状态并及时发现设备故障,保障生产正常运行成为生产企业首要关注的问题。同时,采用单一报警方式的报警系统,容易使操作人员逐渐忽视报警的存在。因此研究现场总线技术及相关网络技术并用于安全保障具有重要的意义。本论文的重点是根据某卷烟厂动力能源部门变配电、热力、制冷、天然气、工艺性空调等系统的设备特点,研究了现场总线技术、OPC技术、TCP/IP技术,设计和开发了基于现场总线的报警联动系统。联动系统以现场总线PROFIBUS-DP构建现场控制网络,利用OPC技术读取报警数据并通过TCP/IP技术集成广播扩声系统、视频监控系统、短信网关系统,完成了音频、视频等多种方式的报警,为生产安全提供有力的保障。
由于监测报警只是被动地反映了设备故障信息,不能够避免事故的发生。若能够智能分析设备的当前运行状态,定量地描述设备运行状态并预测以后的发展趋势,就可以为设备检修提供科学的指导。因此,课题中尝试利用时间序列模型对现场冷冻机组的数据进行分析和预测。首先介绍了序列模型的一些概念,然后针对具体的操作步骤对数据进行了模型构建和预测。实验表明,模型可用于设备运行状态预测,对企业建立合理的设备维修策略具有参考意义。
The process of industry production which utilizes a great number of equipments is very complex. How to keep watch on the state of the working and the trouble of the equipments so as to ensure the production regularly goes on becomes the first thing that the production unit concerns about. At the same time, the alarm system which uses single way of giving an alarm may easily make the operators neglect the existence of the alarm system. Therefore, researching of the fieldbus and related internet technology which can be used for the ensurance of security has large significance. This paper is focused on the design and implement of the alarm linkage system and study of the PROFIBUS, OPC, and TCP technology on the base of the situation of the transformer substation, heating, cooling, natural gas and air-conditioning systems of the power energy department of a cigarette factory. The alarm linkage system, which constructs the field control network via the fieldbus PROFIBUS-DP, gathers the alarm signals based on OPC, integrates the Broadcasting Public-Address Systems, Video Surveillance Systems and SMS Gateway System by TCP/IP, provides effective safety protection of industrial process through various ways of alarm such as audio and video.
Because the alarm system may only reflect the device failure, it can't avoid the device accident. If we can descript and forecast the device development trend, then it can provide us scientific guide for equipment repairing. Therefore, the paper wants to do some research on the forecasting of the status of refrigeration unit by time series analysis. Firstly, it gives some concepts of the series models. Secondly, the industrial data are applied to the models .Finally, the result demonstrates that time series model which can be applied to the forecast of the status of the equipments can be a reference to the judgment of the status of the equipments.
由于监测报警只是被动地反映了设备故障信息,不能够避免事故的发生。若能够智能分析设备的当前运行状态,定量地描述设备运行状态并预测以后的发展趋势,就可以为设备检修提供科学的指导。因此,课题中尝试利用时间序列模型对现场冷冻机组的数据进行分析和预测。首先介绍了序列模型的一些概念,然后针对具体的操作步骤对数据进行了模型构建和预测。实验表明,模型可用于设备运行状态预测,对企业建立合理的设备维修策略具有参考意义。
The process of industry production which utilizes a great number of equipments is very complex. How to keep watch on the state of the working and the trouble of the equipments so as to ensure the production regularly goes on becomes the first thing that the production unit concerns about. At the same time, the alarm system which uses single way of giving an alarm may easily make the operators neglect the existence of the alarm system. Therefore, researching of the fieldbus and related internet technology which can be used for the ensurance of security has large significance. This paper is focused on the design and implement of the alarm linkage system and study of the PROFIBUS, OPC, and TCP technology on the base of the situation of the transformer substation, heating, cooling, natural gas and air-conditioning systems of the power energy department of a cigarette factory. The alarm linkage system, which constructs the field control network via the fieldbus PROFIBUS-DP, gathers the alarm signals based on OPC, integrates the Broadcasting Public-Address Systems, Video Surveillance Systems and SMS Gateway System by TCP/IP, provides effective safety protection of industrial process through various ways of alarm such as audio and video.
Because the alarm system may only reflect the device failure, it can't avoid the device accident. If we can descript and forecast the device development trend, then it can provide us scientific guide for equipment repairing. Therefore, the paper wants to do some research on the forecasting of the status of refrigeration unit by time series analysis. Firstly, it gives some concepts of the series models. Secondly, the industrial data are applied to the models .Finally, the result demonstrates that time series model which can be applied to the forecast of the status of the equipments can be a reference to the judgment of the status of the equipments.
引文
[1]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[2]魏余芳,曹蓉.现场总线技术与应用[J].自动控制技术,2002,21(4),13-17
[3]阳宪惠.工业数据通信与控制网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[4]王锦标.计算机控制系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[5]Jonas Berge.过程控制现场总线—工程、运行与维护[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[6]Xu Hong,Wang Jianhua.Using standard components in automation industry:A study on OPC Specification[J].Computer Standards & Interfaces,2006,28:386-395.
[7]郝晓弘,徐维涛,马炜.基于FF协议智变送器的设计与开发[J].仪表技术与传感器,2003,5,6-7
[8]王稳站,李应红.现场总线技术简介[J].现代电子技术,2002,138(7),3-4
[9]唐盛,袁佑新,郝艳杰,等.基于现场总线的分布式控制系统设计[J].仪器仪表学报,2004,25(4),21-23
[10]EN 50170-2.Normative Parts of PROFIBUS-FMS,-DP,-PA.Edition 1.0[S].1998
[11]米歇尔·伏尔茨.现场总线PROFIBUS技术手册[M].北京:中国机电一体化技术应用协会现场总线(PROFIBUS)专业委员会,1997
[12]SIMENS Inc.PROFIBUS Specification EN50170 Volum2[S].Germany:SIEMENS Inc,1998
[13]Mike Spear.From Fieldbus to Ethernet[M].Process Engineering,2004
[14]周明.现场总线控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002,110-111
[15]Walter Moller-Nehring,Michael Volz.Motion control with Profibus-DP Elektron[J].Moller-Nehring Walter,2002,19(5):42-44
[16]JB/T 10308.3-2001.第三部分:PROFIBUS规范[S].中国机械工业联合会,2001
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[18]李正军.现场总线与工业以太网及其应用系统设计[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[19]廖常初.S7-300/400PLC应用技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[20]全新建,林中达.基于OPC规范的客户/服务器数据访问机制与实现[J].工业控制计算机,2002.5:25-28
[21]OPC(中国)促进委员会.OPC应用程序入门[M].OPC中国基金会,2002
[22]OPC Foundation.Data Access Custom Interface Standard Version 2.05A[EB / OL].http://www.opcfoundation.org,2002
[23]OPC Foundation.Data Access Custom Interface Standard Specification 2.0(Release Candidate 5)[EB/OL].http://www.opcfoundation.org,1998.4.10
[24]OPC Foundation.Data Access Automation Interface Standard Specification 2.02[EB/OL]. http://www.opcfoundation.org,1999.2.4
[25]OPC Foundation.OPC Alarms and Events 1.02[EB/OL].http://www.opcfoundation.org,1999.11.2
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[28]OPC Foundation.OPC Security Custom Interface 1.0[EB/OL].http://www.Opcfoundation.org,2000.10.17
[29]OPC Foundation.OPC Batch Automation Interface Specification 1.0[EB/OL].http://www.Opcfoundation.org,2001.7.19
[30]OPC Foundation.OPC Overview Version1.0[EB/OL].http://www.Opcfoundation.org,1998.10.27
[31]孙旨义.新一代过程控制系统PCS7及其应用[J].石油化工自动化,2004(4):35-37
[32]崔坚,李佳.西门子工业网络通信指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[33]Siemens Inc.SIMATIC CFC for S7 Continuous Function Chart[M].Germany:Siemens,2000.10
[34]Siemens Inc.SIMATIC Process Control System PCS7 Library[M].Germany:Siemens,2005.01
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[36]王振龙.时间序列分析[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2000.2
[37]陈思杨.时间序列计量经济建模技术及比较研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2007.4.15
[38]夏南新.单位根的DF、ADF检验与PP检验比较研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2005,9,130-136
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[40]George E.Box,Gwilym M.Jenkins,Gregory C.Reinsel.时间序列分析预测与控制[M].北京:中国统计出版社,1999.
[41]项静恬.时间序列季节性ARIMA模型的建模实现和新息预报[M].天津:南开大学出版社,1997.
[2]魏余芳,曹蓉.现场总线技术与应用[J].自动控制技术,2002,21(4),13-17
[3]阳宪惠.工业数据通信与控制网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[4]王锦标.计算机控制系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[5]Jonas Berge.过程控制现场总线—工程、运行与维护[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[6]Xu Hong,Wang Jianhua.Using standard components in automation industry:A study on OPC Specification[J].Computer Standards & Interfaces,2006,28:386-395.
[7]郝晓弘,徐维涛,马炜.基于FF协议智变送器的设计与开发[J].仪表技术与传感器,2003,5,6-7
[8]王稳站,李应红.现场总线技术简介[J].现代电子技术,2002,138(7),3-4
[9]唐盛,袁佑新,郝艳杰,等.基于现场总线的分布式控制系统设计[J].仪器仪表学报,2004,25(4),21-23
[10]EN 50170-2.Normative Parts of PROFIBUS-FMS,-DP,-PA.Edition 1.0[S].1998
[11]米歇尔·伏尔茨.现场总线PROFIBUS技术手册[M].北京:中国机电一体化技术应用协会现场总线(PROFIBUS)专业委员会,1997
[12]SIMENS Inc.PROFIBUS Specification EN50170 Volum2[S].Germany:SIEMENS Inc,1998
[13]Mike Spear.From Fieldbus to Ethernet[M].Process Engineering,2004
[14]周明.现场总线控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002,110-111
[15]Walter Moller-Nehring,Michael Volz.Motion control with Profibus-DP Elektron[J].Moller-Nehring Walter,2002,19(5):42-44
[16]JB/T 10308.3-2001.第三部分:PROFIBUS规范[S].中国机械工业联合会,2001
[17]E.Tovar,F.Vasques.Cycle time properties of the PROFIBUS time-token protocol[J].Computer Communications,1999,22(13):1206-1216
[18]李正军.现场总线与工业以太网及其应用系统设计[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[19]廖常初.S7-300/400PLC应用技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[20]全新建,林中达.基于OPC规范的客户/服务器数据访问机制与实现[J].工业控制计算机,2002.5:25-28
[21]OPC(中国)促进委员会.OPC应用程序入门[M].OPC中国基金会,2002
[22]OPC Foundation.Data Access Custom Interface Standard Version 2.05A[EB / OL].http://www.opcfoundation.org,2002
[23]OPC Foundation.Data Access Custom Interface Standard Specification 2.0(Release Candidate 5)[EB/OL].http://www.opcfoundation.org,1998.4.10
[24]OPC Foundation.Data Access Automation Interface Standard Specification 2.02[EB/OL]. http://www.opcfoundation.org,1999.2.4
[25]OPC Foundation.OPC Alarms and Events 1.02[EB/OL].http://www.opcfoundation.org,1999.11.2
[26]OPC Foundation.OPC Historical Data Access Custom Interface Specification 1.1[EB/OL].http://www.opcfoundation.org,2001.1.26
[27]OPC Foundation.OPC Historical Data Access Automation Specification 1.0[EB/OL].http://www.opcfoundation.org,2001.1.26
[28]OPC Foundation.OPC Security Custom Interface 1.0[EB/OL].http://www.Opcfoundation.org,2000.10.17
[29]OPC Foundation.OPC Batch Automation Interface Specification 1.0[EB/OL].http://www.Opcfoundation.org,2001.7.19
[30]OPC Foundation.OPC Overview Version1.0[EB/OL].http://www.Opcfoundation.org,1998.10.27
[31]孙旨义.新一代过程控制系统PCS7及其应用[J].石油化工自动化,2004(4):35-37
[32]崔坚,李佳.西门子工业网络通信指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[33]Siemens Inc.SIMATIC CFC for S7 Continuous Function Chart[M].Germany:Siemens,2000.10
[34]Siemens Inc.SIMATIC Process Control System PCS7 Library[M].Germany:Siemens,2005.01
[35]张善文,雷英杰,冯有前.Matlab在时间序列分析中的应用[M].陕西:西安电子科技大学出版社,2007
[36]王振龙.时间序列分析[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2000.2
[37]陈思杨.时间序列计量经济建模技术及比较研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2007.4.15
[38]夏南新.单位根的DF、ADF检验与PP检验比较研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2005,9,130-136
[39]张文璋.Eviews软件在经济计量学中的应用[EB/OL].http://www.ciw.com.cn /bbs/CiwUploadFile/94_941293_52354.PDF,2007.3
[40]George E.Box,Gwilym M.Jenkins,Gregory C.Reinsel.时间序列分析预测与控制[M].北京:中国统计出版社,1999.
[41]项静恬.时间序列季节性ARIMA模型的建模实现和新息预报[M].天津:南开大学出版社,1997.
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