蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块及其单一墙体结构特性研究
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摘要
蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块(Autoclaved aerated concrete block简称AAC砌块),是目前国内大力推广应用的一种新型墙体材料,是以水泥、石灰、石膏和河砂为主要原料,以铝粉为发气剂,经磨细、配料、搅拌、成型、发泡、切割、蒸压养护等工艺制成的微孔块状墙体材料,它具有质轻、保温、隔热、隔音、抗震、防火、可锯、可刨、可钉、施工简便等优点,而被广泛地应用于民用和公用建筑中。
蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块是一种可作为单一材料保温墙体用于建筑外墙保温,可满足我国各个气候带建筑节能50%的外墙热工性能要求。蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块的生产技术在我国已取得了长足进步,低密度产品已能批量规模化生产,在应用技术方面配套构件以及有关产品标准、规程、规范、国家标准图集均已陆续出台。因此大力推广应用蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块单一墙体节能体系已经是一种社会趋势。
本课题拟借助已有蒸压砂加气混凝土的理论和技术,以水泥、石灰、石膏、铝粉和河砂为主要原料,采用复合激发活化料浆技术进行配合比优化设计,制备蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块。研究蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块的组成、结构与性能之间的关系。阐明加气混凝土砌块作为单一墙体在建筑外墙自保温体系中所起到的重要作用和意义。另外本文对与蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块作为外墙自保温墙体相配套的砌筑砂浆和抹面砂浆也做了一定的研究,对解决蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块墙体在施工中遇到的一些问题提供了技术帮助。
本论文是一种应用型研究,以仙桃市恒利达实业有限公司为实体,在该公司生产设备与技术的基础上对蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块配合比进行优化,并对蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块作为单一墙体结构性能进行研究,研究成果有望达到如下几点：一、配合比的优化提高该公司生产的蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块产品的质量和成品率；二、推广应用蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块这种新型建筑节能自保温墙体材料,有利于遏制取土烧砖,减少资源消耗能耗。三、减少建筑物综合能耗,降低成本,符合国家对墙改及建筑节能的要求。四、通过对蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块这种新型墙体节能材料的应用研究,贯彻国家的能源可持续化发展政策,为在工程实际中大力推广应用蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块这种新型墙体节能材料做贡献。
Autoclaved aerated concrete block (AAC block) is a new type of walling material widely promoted in China now. It is microporous, blocky walling materials, using cement, lime, gypsum and sand as raw materials, aluminium powder as gas-forming admixture, manufactured after the processes of milling, proportioning, stiring, forming, foaming, cutting and autoclave. AAC block is a lightweight material and has many other advantages like heat insulation, fire and shack resistance, easy processing and application, etc. So, it is widely used in private and public construction nowadays.
The AAC block is a kind of material used for the external wall insulation, and it can meet the performance requirement of saving 50% energy in external wall in every climatic zones of China. With the development of production technology of AAC block, low density blocks have gone into mass production, and relevant specifications, national standards, ingredient equipments are successively issued. Thus, promoting the application of AAC block as saving-energy wall materials is a society trend.
In this research project, we used cement, lime, gypsum, aluminium powder and sand as principal raw materials based on the present theory and technology of AAC, optimally designed the mix proportion by using the hybrid activation technology to produce AAC blocks. The relationship between the composition, structure and performance was studied, and the significant role of the aerated concrete block as a wall in the system of self-insulation external wall is also discussed. Moreover, the study covers masonry and plastering mortar which use AAC blocks, and provides technical solutions for the problems in the construction process of walls built with AAC.
The present study is an application-oriented research established with the Xiantao Henglida Industrial Co., Ltd. It is objected to optimize the mix of autoclaved aerated concrete building blocks based on the production equipment and technology, and to study the performance of AAC block wall structure solely based on AAC blocks. The research scope is to as following:(1) Promote the quality and yield of company's production of AAC block based on mix optimization; (2) Promote the application of AAC block as a new type of building energy-saving wall materials which helps curbing earth bricks, reducing energy and resources consumption; (3) Reduce energy consumption in buildings and costs, complying with the national wall reform and building energy-saving requirements. (4) Through the applied research of AAC block wall of this new energy-saving material, implement national sustainable energy development policy, contribute to broader application of the use of practical engineering AAC block----this new type of energy-saving material.
蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块是一种可作为单一材料保温墙体用于建筑外墙保温,可满足我国各个气候带建筑节能50%的外墙热工性能要求。蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块的生产技术在我国已取得了长足进步,低密度产品已能批量规模化生产,在应用技术方面配套构件以及有关产品标准、规程、规范、国家标准图集均已陆续出台。因此大力推广应用蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块单一墙体节能体系已经是一种社会趋势。
本课题拟借助已有蒸压砂加气混凝土的理论和技术,以水泥、石灰、石膏、铝粉和河砂为主要原料,采用复合激发活化料浆技术进行配合比优化设计,制备蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块。研究蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块的组成、结构与性能之间的关系。阐明加气混凝土砌块作为单一墙体在建筑外墙自保温体系中所起到的重要作用和意义。另外本文对与蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块作为外墙自保温墙体相配套的砌筑砂浆和抹面砂浆也做了一定的研究,对解决蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块墙体在施工中遇到的一些问题提供了技术帮助。
本论文是一种应用型研究,以仙桃市恒利达实业有限公司为实体,在该公司生产设备与技术的基础上对蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块配合比进行优化,并对蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块作为单一墙体结构性能进行研究,研究成果有望达到如下几点：一、配合比的优化提高该公司生产的蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块产品的质量和成品率；二、推广应用蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块这种新型建筑节能自保温墙体材料,有利于遏制取土烧砖,减少资源消耗能耗。三、减少建筑物综合能耗,降低成本,符合国家对墙改及建筑节能的要求。四、通过对蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块这种新型墙体节能材料的应用研究,贯彻国家的能源可持续化发展政策,为在工程实际中大力推广应用蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块这种新型墙体节能材料做贡献。
Autoclaved aerated concrete block (AAC block) is a new type of walling material widely promoted in China now. It is microporous, blocky walling materials, using cement, lime, gypsum and sand as raw materials, aluminium powder as gas-forming admixture, manufactured after the processes of milling, proportioning, stiring, forming, foaming, cutting and autoclave. AAC block is a lightweight material and has many other advantages like heat insulation, fire and shack resistance, easy processing and application, etc. So, it is widely used in private and public construction nowadays.
The AAC block is a kind of material used for the external wall insulation, and it can meet the performance requirement of saving 50% energy in external wall in every climatic zones of China. With the development of production technology of AAC block, low density blocks have gone into mass production, and relevant specifications, national standards, ingredient equipments are successively issued. Thus, promoting the application of AAC block as saving-energy wall materials is a society trend.
In this research project, we used cement, lime, gypsum, aluminium powder and sand as principal raw materials based on the present theory and technology of AAC, optimally designed the mix proportion by using the hybrid activation technology to produce AAC blocks. The relationship between the composition, structure and performance was studied, and the significant role of the aerated concrete block as a wall in the system of self-insulation external wall is also discussed. Moreover, the study covers masonry and plastering mortar which use AAC blocks, and provides technical solutions for the problems in the construction process of walls built with AAC.
The present study is an application-oriented research established with the Xiantao Henglida Industrial Co., Ltd. It is objected to optimize the mix of autoclaved aerated concrete building blocks based on the production equipment and technology, and to study the performance of AAC block wall structure solely based on AAC blocks. The research scope is to as following:(1) Promote the quality and yield of company's production of AAC block based on mix optimization; (2) Promote the application of AAC block as a new type of building energy-saving wall materials which helps curbing earth bricks, reducing energy and resources consumption; (3) Reduce energy consumption in buildings and costs, complying with the national wall reform and building energy-saving requirements. (4) Through the applied research of AAC block wall of this new energy-saving material, implement national sustainable energy development policy, contribute to broader application of the use of practical engineering AAC block----this new type of energy-saving material.
引文
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[2]陈胜利.《加气混凝土的生产及应用》[J].砌块与墙板,2007
[3]顾同普. 《加气混凝土单—保温节能墙体体系研究》[J].建设科技
[4]齐子刚,姜勇.《我国加气混凝土行业现状及发展趋势》[J].新型墙材,2008.1
[5]高明伦. 《工程施工中加气混凝土的应用探讨》[J].建筑施工,2009.NO.1000
[6]肖群芳,蔡鲁宏.《加气混凝土在外墙外保温体系中的应用》[J].加气混凝土,2008.NO.2
[7]于献青,邵兵.《蒸压砂加气混凝土砌块在建筑节能工程中的应用》[J].新型墙材,2008.11
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[10]刘国峰,刘金武.《加气混凝土砌块在建筑中的应用》[J].建筑工程
[11]殷亚平. 《加气混凝土主要原材料的特性及其对生产的影响》[J].加气混凝土,2006.NO.3
[12]梁燕飞,陈向荣,贺鸿珠.《我国加气混凝土行业的发展历程和前景分析》[J].粉煤灰,2008.6
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