东营凹陷南部斜坡带输导体系研究
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摘要
本论文立足于东营凹陷南斜坡勘探实践,充分吸收前人研究成果,以输导体系影响因素、作用机理研究为主线,总结油藏分布特征,探索油气成藏过程,归纳成藏模式,发展完善陆相断陷盆地成藏组合体理论。
研究发现东营凹陷南部斜坡带不同层系油藏分布平面上具有相似性和组合性的特点,明显受输导体系构成方式控制。缓坡带砂体、断裂、不整合起到“接力”作用。缓坡内带和中带,输导体系主要由断层和砂体构成。不同成藏期,同一骨架砂体的顶面形态及与断层配置有变化,导致油气运移方向的变化;同一成藏期,不同骨架砂体顶面起伏不同,各自有独立的运移路线。断层结构决定了其输导性能在纵向上和延伸方向上的差异。与成藏时期匹配的活动断层对油气的影响至关重要,活动断层是以纵向运移为主,同时为不同骨架砂体提供油源。骨架砂体与断层配置对油气的运聚作用表现为“平面脊线为主、剖面择优输导、空间联合控藏”的特点。在缓坡外带和凸起部位输导体系主要由不整合和砂体构成,以横向运移为主;不整合的构建类型决定了其油气输导的有效性。
东营凹陷南斜坡的油气成藏具有幕式成藏、晚期为主的特点。构造应力的突然释放是油气幕式运聚的触发机制和源动力。对于斜坡带压力封存箱内的油气藏,异常压力是油气运移的主要动力;斜坡带压力封存箱之外的油气藏,浮力是油气运移的主要动力,地层型油气藏的成藏过程表现为具幕式特征的相对连续过程。
通过单因素分析实现了对输导主控因素的分级赋值,建立了东营凹陷南斜坡输导要素定量评价方法,为比较不同输导组合输导能力的相对好坏,进而确定油气运聚成藏最可能的方向和最有利的通道奠定了基础。多方法相结合建立起东营凹陷南斜坡的宏观输导体系格架,明确了油气运移优势路径。以输导体系为核心进行成藏组合体划分,细化了勘探评价单元,完善了成藏组合体理论体系,建立基于输导体系的油藏分布规律预测体系,为实现勘探的系统化、效益化提供了又一可操作的评价技术思路和方法。
Based on the exploration practice in southern slop of Dongying Sag and previous studies, this paper summarized the distribution features of the reservoirs,analyzed the influencing factors and mechanism of transportation system,discussed the hydrocarbon accumulation process and the transportation system controlling hydrocarbon model , by applying the reservoir forming assemblage theory.
The results show that the reservoir distributions in different series of strata in southern slop of Dongying Sag are of comparability and combination, and they are obviously controlled by the constitution mode of transportation system. The transportation system is of zoning laterally and combination vertically, and is different in different tectonic zones. The similar sedimentary system assemblage leads to the vertical combination of transportation system. The types and distribution of the transportation system determine the types and spatial combinations of the reservoirs. The fault, sand body and unconformity have effects on the migration and accumulation of oil and gas. The same type transportation body but of different origins has different transportation ability. Different transportation system combinations have different transportation mechanisms as well as migration and accumulation efficiencies.
The transportation system of the indisde slope and the middle slope are constituted of faults and sands. The preferred migration pathway in delta skeletal sand body is mainly controlled by the top surface depth of the buried sand body. The difference of migrating capability in fault along lateral and vertical are controlled by the fault structure. From the analysis, it is found that in different pool-forming periods, the spatial relationship between the top relief of skeletal sand body and the fault determined the hydrocarbon migration paths; during the same forming period, different skeletal sand bodies have different top relief having the independent migration paths. One oil-gas trap was formed by the hydrocarbon migrating and accumulating through different migration paths of different skeletal sand bodies during different periods.
The transportation system of the outdisde slope and the platfood are constituted of unconformity and sands. The heterogeneous migration of petroleum in unconformity systems is closely associated with classification of unconformity systems and their vertical texture. The mechanism of strata reservoirs forming was mainly discussed, concluding that first their reservoir forming dynamic is buoyancy and the second the structure stress. The buoyancy is the main dynamic for the oil and gas migration in strata reservoirs and the abruptly releasing of stress is the spring mechanism of the oil and gas episodic migration. The strata reservoirs forming shows a relative continuous process with episode.
According to these research,the major controlling factors of the transportation system are scalar quantization,the quantitative evaluation method of the transportation system in southern slop of Dongying sag is established,which is a foundation for comparing the transportation ability of different transportation system assemblage. The mainly oil-gas migration paths can be found through the up-building of the macro transportation frame. The transportation system being principal line, the reservoir forming assemblage can be divided. Using this method, not only the distribution of the proved reservoirs can be well interpreted, but the prediction for exploration potentiality and prospects can be performed effectively, which is an effective method for zonal oil and gas exploration in continental downfaulted basin.
研究发现东营凹陷南部斜坡带不同层系油藏分布平面上具有相似性和组合性的特点,明显受输导体系构成方式控制。缓坡带砂体、断裂、不整合起到“接力”作用。缓坡内带和中带,输导体系主要由断层和砂体构成。不同成藏期,同一骨架砂体的顶面形态及与断层配置有变化,导致油气运移方向的变化;同一成藏期,不同骨架砂体顶面起伏不同,各自有独立的运移路线。断层结构决定了其输导性能在纵向上和延伸方向上的差异。与成藏时期匹配的活动断层对油气的影响至关重要,活动断层是以纵向运移为主,同时为不同骨架砂体提供油源。骨架砂体与断层配置对油气的运聚作用表现为“平面脊线为主、剖面择优输导、空间联合控藏”的特点。在缓坡外带和凸起部位输导体系主要由不整合和砂体构成,以横向运移为主;不整合的构建类型决定了其油气输导的有效性。
东营凹陷南斜坡的油气成藏具有幕式成藏、晚期为主的特点。构造应力的突然释放是油气幕式运聚的触发机制和源动力。对于斜坡带压力封存箱内的油气藏,异常压力是油气运移的主要动力;斜坡带压力封存箱之外的油气藏,浮力是油气运移的主要动力,地层型油气藏的成藏过程表现为具幕式特征的相对连续过程。
通过单因素分析实现了对输导主控因素的分级赋值,建立了东营凹陷南斜坡输导要素定量评价方法,为比较不同输导组合输导能力的相对好坏,进而确定油气运聚成藏最可能的方向和最有利的通道奠定了基础。多方法相结合建立起东营凹陷南斜坡的宏观输导体系格架,明确了油气运移优势路径。以输导体系为核心进行成藏组合体划分,细化了勘探评价单元,完善了成藏组合体理论体系,建立基于输导体系的油藏分布规律预测体系,为实现勘探的系统化、效益化提供了又一可操作的评价技术思路和方法。
Based on the exploration practice in southern slop of Dongying Sag and previous studies, this paper summarized the distribution features of the reservoirs,analyzed the influencing factors and mechanism of transportation system,discussed the hydrocarbon accumulation process and the transportation system controlling hydrocarbon model , by applying the reservoir forming assemblage theory.
The results show that the reservoir distributions in different series of strata in southern slop of Dongying Sag are of comparability and combination, and they are obviously controlled by the constitution mode of transportation system. The transportation system is of zoning laterally and combination vertically, and is different in different tectonic zones. The similar sedimentary system assemblage leads to the vertical combination of transportation system. The types and distribution of the transportation system determine the types and spatial combinations of the reservoirs. The fault, sand body and unconformity have effects on the migration and accumulation of oil and gas. The same type transportation body but of different origins has different transportation ability. Different transportation system combinations have different transportation mechanisms as well as migration and accumulation efficiencies.
The transportation system of the indisde slope and the middle slope are constituted of faults and sands. The preferred migration pathway in delta skeletal sand body is mainly controlled by the top surface depth of the buried sand body. The difference of migrating capability in fault along lateral and vertical are controlled by the fault structure. From the analysis, it is found that in different pool-forming periods, the spatial relationship between the top relief of skeletal sand body and the fault determined the hydrocarbon migration paths; during the same forming period, different skeletal sand bodies have different top relief having the independent migration paths. One oil-gas trap was formed by the hydrocarbon migrating and accumulating through different migration paths of different skeletal sand bodies during different periods.
The transportation system of the outdisde slope and the platfood are constituted of unconformity and sands. The heterogeneous migration of petroleum in unconformity systems is closely associated with classification of unconformity systems and their vertical texture. The mechanism of strata reservoirs forming was mainly discussed, concluding that first their reservoir forming dynamic is buoyancy and the second the structure stress. The buoyancy is the main dynamic for the oil and gas migration in strata reservoirs and the abruptly releasing of stress is the spring mechanism of the oil and gas episodic migration. The strata reservoirs forming shows a relative continuous process with episode.
According to these research,the major controlling factors of the transportation system are scalar quantization,the quantitative evaluation method of the transportation system in southern slop of Dongying sag is established,which is a foundation for comparing the transportation ability of different transportation system assemblage. The mainly oil-gas migration paths can be found through the up-building of the macro transportation frame. The transportation system being principal line, the reservoir forming assemblage can be divided. Using this method, not only the distribution of the proved reservoirs can be well interpreted, but the prediction for exploration potentiality and prospects can be performed effectively, which is an effective method for zonal oil and gas exploration in continental downfaulted basin.
引文
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