霸县凹陷鄚州地区古近系沙河街组沙一下～沙四段层序地层及沉积体系研究
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摘要
古近系沙河街组沙一下～沙四段是霸县凹陷鄚州地区勘探主要目的层,目前勘探重点已经逐渐转向岩性地层圈闭,因此精确刻画沉积相类型、研究沉积体系的时空展布规律已迫在眉睫。为此,本文以层序地层学基本理论为基础,通过对钻井、测井资料的层序划分,结合合成地震记录、地震层位标定等手段建立起工区范围内的等时层序地层格架,进而在层序地层格架之内以钻井、测井、地震和古生物等相标志的识别为基础,对沉积体系的时空展布及主控因素进行了分析,总结砂体和油气在工区层序格架内的分布规律,结合成藏条件分析,建立成藏模式,指出油气勘探的有利方向。
在层序界面识别的基础上,系统划分了鄚州地区古近系沙河街组沙一下～沙四段各级层序界面和层序,将古近系沙河街组划分为7个三级层序,21个四级层序,首次将沙四上段和沙四下段分开,通过对重点井和地震剖面的层序地层划分对比,搭建起相应的层序地层格架,建立了断裂坡折与沉积坡折两种地层模式。
通过岩心相、测井相、地震相等相标志的详细研究,确定研究区共发育了三角洲砂体、(风暴)滩坝砂体、近岸水下扇砂体、扇三角洲砂体以及浊积砂体等五种砂体类型。其中风暴岩和浊积岩在该区是首次发现,极大丰富了鄚州地区的砂体类型,增加了该地区的勘探潜力。
通过对等时层序地层格架内沉积体系的研究,明确了沉积相的展布规律和有利的生、储、盖组合,探讨了砂体和油气的分布规律:垂向上砂体受到体系域的控制,高位和低位体系域砂体发育,湖侵体系域砂体发育较差;平面上砂体受控于构造运动、古地形、物源补给量及古气候等。
根据沉积体系的时空展布和成藏条件分析,建立了五类成藏模式,指出了有利的勘探区带,为寻找不同类型的油气藏明确了方向。
The Member 1～4 of Shahejie Formation is the major exploration interval of Maozhou area in Baxian depression. As the exploratory objects are gradually focused on the lithologic or stratigraphic reservoirs, more accurate research to types of sedimentary facies and depositional system distribution are needed urgently. Using plentiful geological and geophysical data, and based on the fundamental principles of sequence stratigraphy, the isochronal framework of sequence stratigraphy were established. Based on the identification of facies markers in core,log,seismic and palaeontologic,the depositional system distribution and control factors in isochronal frame of sequence stratigraphy were discussed. With the studying of reservoir forming condition,the distribution law of sandbodies and hydrocarbon were analysed,and pool-forming model was summarized. As a result, the favourable goals were pointed out.
Based on the division of sequence stratigraphic boundary, all the sequences and their boundaries of the Member 1～4 of Shahejie Formation were decentralized. The Palaeogene can be subdivided into 7 3rd-order sequences with 21 4th-order sequences. The upper submember and the lower submember of Member 4 were divided firstly. Through sequence stratigraphic subdivision and correlation of key wells and seismic sections,the sequence stratigraphic framework and sedimentary system models were established.
Integrated core facies, log facies,and seismic facies etc, five types of sandstones including delta, tempestite, nearshore subaqueous fan, fan delta, and turbidite have been identified. The tempestite and turbidite were the firstly discovery in the area, which enriched the sandstones types and enhanced the exploration potentiality.
By studying depositional system in isochronal frame of sequence stratigraphy, the distribution rules of sedimentary facies were studied in detail. Another reaseach showed that the source-reservoir-seal associations in this area was very favourable. The control factors of sandbodies and hydrocarbon distribution have been also studied, and the resulst showed that the sandbody types were controlled by systems tracts, the highstand systems tract and the lowstand systems tract are rich in sand, while transgressive systems tract is poor in sand. The plan distribution was controlled by the tectonic, palaeotopography, provenance and climate.
According to the analysis of depositional system distribution and reservoir forming condition, hydrocarbon accumulation models were summarized. At last, the favorable districts were pointed out and the direction to search for different types of reservoir was given.
在层序界面识别的基础上,系统划分了鄚州地区古近系沙河街组沙一下～沙四段各级层序界面和层序,将古近系沙河街组划分为7个三级层序,21个四级层序,首次将沙四上段和沙四下段分开,通过对重点井和地震剖面的层序地层划分对比,搭建起相应的层序地层格架,建立了断裂坡折与沉积坡折两种地层模式。
通过岩心相、测井相、地震相等相标志的详细研究,确定研究区共发育了三角洲砂体、(风暴)滩坝砂体、近岸水下扇砂体、扇三角洲砂体以及浊积砂体等五种砂体类型。其中风暴岩和浊积岩在该区是首次发现,极大丰富了鄚州地区的砂体类型,增加了该地区的勘探潜力。
通过对等时层序地层格架内沉积体系的研究,明确了沉积相的展布规律和有利的生、储、盖组合,探讨了砂体和油气的分布规律:垂向上砂体受到体系域的控制,高位和低位体系域砂体发育,湖侵体系域砂体发育较差;平面上砂体受控于构造运动、古地形、物源补给量及古气候等。
根据沉积体系的时空展布和成藏条件分析,建立了五类成藏模式,指出了有利的勘探区带,为寻找不同类型的油气藏明确了方向。
The Member 1～4 of Shahejie Formation is the major exploration interval of Maozhou area in Baxian depression. As the exploratory objects are gradually focused on the lithologic or stratigraphic reservoirs, more accurate research to types of sedimentary facies and depositional system distribution are needed urgently. Using plentiful geological and geophysical data, and based on the fundamental principles of sequence stratigraphy, the isochronal framework of sequence stratigraphy were established. Based on the identification of facies markers in core,log,seismic and palaeontologic,the depositional system distribution and control factors in isochronal frame of sequence stratigraphy were discussed. With the studying of reservoir forming condition,the distribution law of sandbodies and hydrocarbon were analysed,and pool-forming model was summarized. As a result, the favourable goals were pointed out.
Based on the division of sequence stratigraphic boundary, all the sequences and their boundaries of the Member 1～4 of Shahejie Formation were decentralized. The Palaeogene can be subdivided into 7 3rd-order sequences with 21 4th-order sequences. The upper submember and the lower submember of Member 4 were divided firstly. Through sequence stratigraphic subdivision and correlation of key wells and seismic sections,the sequence stratigraphic framework and sedimentary system models were established.
Integrated core facies, log facies,and seismic facies etc, five types of sandstones including delta, tempestite, nearshore subaqueous fan, fan delta, and turbidite have been identified. The tempestite and turbidite were the firstly discovery in the area, which enriched the sandstones types and enhanced the exploration potentiality.
By studying depositional system in isochronal frame of sequence stratigraphy, the distribution rules of sedimentary facies were studied in detail. Another reaseach showed that the source-reservoir-seal associations in this area was very favourable. The control factors of sandbodies and hydrocarbon distribution have been also studied, and the resulst showed that the sandbody types were controlled by systems tracts, the highstand systems tract and the lowstand systems tract are rich in sand, while transgressive systems tract is poor in sand. The plan distribution was controlled by the tectonic, palaeotopography, provenance and climate.
According to the analysis of depositional system distribution and reservoir forming condition, hydrocarbon accumulation models were summarized. At last, the favorable districts were pointed out and the direction to search for different types of reservoir was given.
引文
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