框架结构的低碳设计
摘要
近年来国际上出现了越来越多的关于减少温室气体排放量问题的讨论，许多工业国家的建筑行业CO_2排放量占到了36%，降低CO_2排放量已经刻不容缓。许多国家已经对建筑气体排放进行了研究，其中建筑全生命周期评价体系是目前较为普遍使用的建筑环境评价体系。本文将基于此体系中关于建筑材料物化能的分析展开结构设计的讨论。
狭义物化能的每个建筑活动阶段都与建筑材料的用量有很大关系。从减少建筑材料使用量的角度出发，考虑结构设计。在设计初期达到最少的材料用量，对随后的材料生产、运输等阶段的CO_2排放量是一个巨大的影响。本文所讨论的具体结构设计有：
（1）采用不同强度的钢筋与混凝土材料，考察其对同一建筑梁、柱、基础材料用量及CO_2排放量情况的影响。
（2）模拟单层框架，对纵向长度进行均匀划分形成不同数量n的网格。运用规范公式对此结构每种网格的板、梁、柱进行函数推导，寻找n与单位面积钢筋用量的关系及CO_2排放量的变化情况。
（3）模拟单榀框架在水平荷载作用下的设计，寻找楼层m与单位面积钢筋用量的关系及CO_2排放量的状况。
（4）计算n与基础内力的函数关系及基础CO_2排放量。
In recent years，more and more topics about reducing greenhouse gas emissionwere discussed on the international. The building could accounts for36%of total CO2emission in many industrial countries. So reducing CO2emission is urgent. Manycountries have studied the building environment, the whole life cycle of buildingevaluation system is one of the common method. This paper will discuss the energyconsumption of materials based on the system.
The energy consumption of materials in each stage of construction activities hasrelation with the amount of building materials. If decreasing the amount of materialsin the beginning of the structure design, which will influence the CO2emission ineach stage of construction activities. This paper will analyze the design how toreducing the amount, the content including the following:
(1) Use the different strength of the steel bar and concrete to design the beams,columns and foudations and calculate the CO2emission on the same building.
(2) Simulate a single layer frame structure to evenly divide the length of thelongitudianal form different number of grid n. Use the standard formula to designplate, beam and column. And adjust the fomula, which contain n. Then find therelationship between n and the dosage of steel per unit area. Finally know the changeof CO2emission.
(3) Simulate a single layer frame structure to design the element under horizontalload. Find the relationship between storey m and the dosage of steel per unit area andthe change of CO2emission.
(4) Calculate the function about the n and internal forces of foundation and theCO2emission.
狭义物化能的每个建筑活动阶段都与建筑材料的用量有很大关系。从减少建筑材料使用量的角度出发，考虑结构设计。在设计初期达到最少的材料用量，对随后的材料生产、运输等阶段的CO_2排放量是一个巨大的影响。本文所讨论的具体结构设计有：
（1）采用不同强度的钢筋与混凝土材料，考察其对同一建筑梁、柱、基础材料用量及CO_2排放量情况的影响。
（2）模拟单层框架，对纵向长度进行均匀划分形成不同数量n的网格。运用规范公式对此结构每种网格的板、梁、柱进行函数推导，寻找n与单位面积钢筋用量的关系及CO_2排放量的变化情况。
（3）模拟单榀框架在水平荷载作用下的设计，寻找楼层m与单位面积钢筋用量的关系及CO_2排放量的状况。
（4）计算n与基础内力的函数关系及基础CO_2排放量。
In recent years，more and more topics about reducing greenhouse gas emissionwere discussed on the international. The building could accounts for36%of total CO2emission in many industrial countries. So reducing CO2emission is urgent. Manycountries have studied the building environment, the whole life cycle of buildingevaluation system is one of the common method. This paper will discuss the energyconsumption of materials based on the system.
The energy consumption of materials in each stage of construction activities hasrelation with the amount of building materials. If decreasing the amount of materialsin the beginning of the structure design, which will influence the CO2emission ineach stage of construction activities. This paper will analyze the design how toreducing the amount, the content including the following:
(1) Use the different strength of the steel bar and concrete to design the beams,columns and foudations and calculate the CO2emission on the same building.
(2) Simulate a single layer frame structure to evenly divide the length of thelongitudianal form different number of grid n. Use the standard formula to designplate, beam and column. And adjust the fomula, which contain n. Then find therelationship between n and the dosage of steel per unit area. Finally know the changeof CO2emission.
(3) Simulate a single layer frame structure to design the element under horizontalload. Find the relationship between storey m and the dosage of steel per unit area andthe change of CO2emission.
(4) Calculate the function about the n and internal forces of foundation and theCO2emission.
引文
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