便携式断路器操作电源的设计
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摘要
动作电压试验、机械特性测试是最能反映高压断路器机械性能的测试。为了做好该项测试,可调电压的断路器操作电源是关键。当前广泛使用的整流电源,在带上负载后的输出电压,比较之前的整定值会有明显跌落。无论是恒定还是瞬间的电压跌落,其对断路器动作特性影响都是不可忽视的。另外,动作电压试验、机械特性测试一般都在高电场下进行,对电源的抗干扰性要求较高。因此,本文提出研制较高负载调整特性、纹波系数小、抗干扰性强、较好人机界面的断路器操作电源。本文所做的工作和取得的成果:
首先,分析断路器操作电源的国内外现状不足。根据断路器测试工作要求进行需求分析,确定了断路器操作电源的功能定位和参数要求。
其次,在分析高频开关电源技术的基础上,提出用高频开关电源技术研制断路器操作电源的总体结构框图,并详细分析了其主电路拓扑结构,讨论和给出输入整流滤波电路、变压器设计、输出整流滤波电路等。
然后,提出用单片机技术结合脉宽调制集成芯片TL494控制整个电源。断路器控制功能模块从硬件上分为:单片机电路,TL494电路、驱动放大电路、保护电路、辅助电源电路、数模转换电路、液晶显示模块、数字键盘电路等。
最后,根据上述设计,研制出断路器操作电源,并进行调试。调试结果证明,该电源设计合理,纹波系数小,有较好的人机界面。另外对电源系统后续研究工作提出了进一步完善的建议。
The operation voltage test and the mechanical property test are the most direct way to reflect the mechanical properties of the high voltage circuit breaker. And the operation power supply of the circuit breaker is the key to the above experiments. The output voltage of the rectification models is much lower than the open circuit ones. Both the average voltage drop and the instantaneous voltage drop have a very important impact on the properties of the high voltage circuit breaker. In addition, for that both the operation voltage test and the mechanical property test are carried out under high voltages, the power supply must be able to sustain a high electromagnetic interference. In this paper, a new operation power supply high voltage circuit breaker which has a better load regulation property, smaller ripples, stronger anti-jamming and better man-machine interface is proposed. The paper is arranged as the following:
First, the present status and the drawbacks of the circuit breaker operation power supply are analyzed. According to the test requirements of the high voltage circuit breaker, the function allocation and the parameters are defined.
Second, on the basis of the high frequency switching power supply, the global structural block diagram of the circuit breaker power supply is presented. The main circuit is analyzed detailedly and the input rectifier and filter circuit, the design of the transformer, the output rectifier and filter circuit are presented and discussed.
Then, MCU with PWM IC TL494 to control the power supply is presented. The functional module of the power supply is composed of MCU, TL494, driving and amplifying circuit, protecting circuit, D/A transfer circuit, LCD, keyboard input circuit and auxiliary power supply circuit etc.
Last, according to the above design, the circuit breaker operation power supply prototype is produced and tested. The experimental results verified that the design of this circuit breaker operation power supply is logical, lower ripple coefficient and friendly man machine interface.
首先,分析断路器操作电源的国内外现状不足。根据断路器测试工作要求进行需求分析,确定了断路器操作电源的功能定位和参数要求。
其次,在分析高频开关电源技术的基础上,提出用高频开关电源技术研制断路器操作电源的总体结构框图,并详细分析了其主电路拓扑结构,讨论和给出输入整流滤波电路、变压器设计、输出整流滤波电路等。
然后,提出用单片机技术结合脉宽调制集成芯片TL494控制整个电源。断路器控制功能模块从硬件上分为:单片机电路,TL494电路、驱动放大电路、保护电路、辅助电源电路、数模转换电路、液晶显示模块、数字键盘电路等。
最后,根据上述设计,研制出断路器操作电源,并进行调试。调试结果证明,该电源设计合理,纹波系数小,有较好的人机界面。另外对电源系统后续研究工作提出了进一步完善的建议。
The operation voltage test and the mechanical property test are the most direct way to reflect the mechanical properties of the high voltage circuit breaker. And the operation power supply of the circuit breaker is the key to the above experiments. The output voltage of the rectification models is much lower than the open circuit ones. Both the average voltage drop and the instantaneous voltage drop have a very important impact on the properties of the high voltage circuit breaker. In addition, for that both the operation voltage test and the mechanical property test are carried out under high voltages, the power supply must be able to sustain a high electromagnetic interference. In this paper, a new operation power supply high voltage circuit breaker which has a better load regulation property, smaller ripples, stronger anti-jamming and better man-machine interface is proposed. The paper is arranged as the following:
First, the present status and the drawbacks of the circuit breaker operation power supply are analyzed. According to the test requirements of the high voltage circuit breaker, the function allocation and the parameters are defined.
Second, on the basis of the high frequency switching power supply, the global structural block diagram of the circuit breaker power supply is presented. The main circuit is analyzed detailedly and the input rectifier and filter circuit, the design of the transformer, the output rectifier and filter circuit are presented and discussed.
Then, MCU with PWM IC TL494 to control the power supply is presented. The functional module of the power supply is composed of MCU, TL494, driving and amplifying circuit, protecting circuit, D/A transfer circuit, LCD, keyboard input circuit and auxiliary power supply circuit etc.
Last, according to the above design, the circuit breaker operation power supply prototype is produced and tested. The experimental results verified that the design of this circuit breaker operation power supply is logical, lower ripple coefficient and friendly man machine interface.
引文
[1]林其雄.断路器操作控制电源的研制.华南理工大学.2004:1-2
[2]Jang,Y.A new family of full-bridge ZVS converters.Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2003.APEC 03.Eighteenth Annual IEEE,Volume:2,9-13 Feb.2003:622-628
[3]刘晋,陈鹏云,吴伯华,蔡汉生.高压断路器现场测试专用直流电源研制.高电压技术.2002.28(8):1
[4]刘志刚.电力电子学.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.北京交通大学出版社.2004.6:44
[5]蒋怀刚,李乔,何志伟.IGBT模块驱动及保护技术.电源技术应用.2003.6(4):135-136
[6]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计.修订版.北京.电子工业出版社.2004:98-100
[7]曲学基,王增福,曲敬铠.新编高频开关稳压电源.第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2005.11:141
[8]杜柏田.电力半导体模块选用和代换手册.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2004.3:1-2
[9]Marty Brown.徐德鸿.开关电源设计指南.第二版.北京.机械工业出版社.2004.1.:162-168
[10]刘胜利.现代高频开关电源实用技术.第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2001.9:460-465
[11]长谷川 彰.何希才.开关稳压电源的设计与应用.第一版.北京.科学出版社.2006.8:12-14
[12]于军翟玉文,孙陆梅.TL494脉宽调制器集成电路的研究.吉林化工学院学报.2005.22(3):1-2
[13]刘琰,侯志坚,张敏,芦家成.IGBT驱动电路M57962L的剖析.河南机电高等专科学校学报.2004.12(5):1-2
[14]周志敏,周纪海.开关电源软启动电路的设计与应用.电源世界.2004(12):29-30
[15]周俊峰.怎样选用继电器.第一版.北京.国防工业出版社.1985.9:20-21
[16]刘贤兴,李众,李捷辉.新型智能开关电源技术.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2003.6:3-8
[17]李宏.电力电子设备用器件与集成电路应用指南.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2001.8:6-8
[18]Ron Lenk.王正仕.实用开关电源技术.第一版.北京.人民邮电出版社.2006.4:37-39
[19]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.模块化DC/DC实用电路.第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2004.4:16-18
[20]潘江洪,苏建徽,杜雪芳.IGBT高压大功率驱动和保护电路的应用研究.电源技术应用.2005.8(11):1
[21]候紫达,曹焕林.单片机原理与接口应用.第一版从兵器工业出版社.1997.12:210-214
[22]袁季修,盛和乐,吴聚业.保护用电流互感器应用指南.第一版.北京.中国电力出版社.2004:108-109
[23]倪海东,蒋玉萍.高频开关电源集成控制器.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2004.9:99-101
[24]方大千,郑鹏.电子及晶闸管电路速查速算手册.第一版.北京.中国水利水电出版社.2004.6:180-182
[25]刘陵顺,鲁芳,姜忠山.一种高精度开关稳压电源的设计.仪表技术.2001.(4):45-46
[26]肖金球.单片机原理与接口技术.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.2004.12:1-5
[27]李金伴,李捷辉,李捷明.开关电源技术.第一版.北京.化学工业出版社.2006.7:33-35
[28]沙占友.新型单片开关电源设计与应用技术.第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2004.10:89-91
[29]李建婷,丁志亮,熊蕊.开关电源EMI的抑制策略.通信电源技术.2006.23(2):1
[30]刘陵顺,鲁芳,姜忠山.一种高精度开关稳压电源的设计.仪表技术.2001.6:4
[2]Jang,Y.A new family of full-bridge ZVS converters.Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2003.APEC 03.Eighteenth Annual IEEE,Volume:2,9-13 Feb.2003:622-628
[3]刘晋,陈鹏云,吴伯华,蔡汉生.高压断路器现场测试专用直流电源研制.高电压技术.2002.28(8):1
[4]刘志刚.电力电子学.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.北京交通大学出版社.2004.6:44
[5]蒋怀刚,李乔,何志伟.IGBT模块驱动及保护技术.电源技术应用.2003.6(4):135-136
[6]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计.修订版.北京.电子工业出版社.2004:98-100
[7]曲学基,王增福,曲敬铠.新编高频开关稳压电源.第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2005.11:141
[8]杜柏田.电力半导体模块选用和代换手册.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2004.3:1-2
[9]Marty Brown.徐德鸿.开关电源设计指南.第二版.北京.机械工业出版社.2004.1.:162-168
[10]刘胜利.现代高频开关电源实用技术.第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2001.9:460-465
[11]长谷川 彰.何希才.开关稳压电源的设计与应用.第一版.北京.科学出版社.2006.8:12-14
[12]于军翟玉文,孙陆梅.TL494脉宽调制器集成电路的研究.吉林化工学院学报.2005.22(3):1-2
[13]刘琰,侯志坚,张敏,芦家成.IGBT驱动电路M57962L的剖析.河南机电高等专科学校学报.2004.12(5):1-2
[14]周志敏,周纪海.开关电源软启动电路的设计与应用.电源世界.2004(12):29-30
[15]周俊峰.怎样选用继电器.第一版.北京.国防工业出版社.1985.9:20-21
[16]刘贤兴,李众,李捷辉.新型智能开关电源技术.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2003.6:3-8
[17]李宏.电力电子设备用器件与集成电路应用指南.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2001.8:6-8
[18]Ron Lenk.王正仕.实用开关电源技术.第一版.北京.人民邮电出版社.2006.4:37-39
[19]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.模块化DC/DC实用电路.第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2004.4:16-18
[20]潘江洪,苏建徽,杜雪芳.IGBT高压大功率驱动和保护电路的应用研究.电源技术应用.2005.8(11):1
[21]候紫达,曹焕林.单片机原理与接口应用.第一版从兵器工业出版社.1997.12:210-214
[22]袁季修,盛和乐,吴聚业.保护用电流互感器应用指南.第一版.北京.中国电力出版社.2004:108-109
[23]倪海东,蒋玉萍.高频开关电源集成控制器.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2004.9:99-101
[24]方大千,郑鹏.电子及晶闸管电路速查速算手册.第一版.北京.中国水利水电出版社.2004.6:180-182
[25]刘陵顺,鲁芳,姜忠山.一种高精度开关稳压电源的设计.仪表技术.2001.(4):45-46
[26]肖金球.单片机原理与接口技术.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.2004.12:1-5
[27]李金伴,李捷辉,李捷明.开关电源技术.第一版.北京.化学工业出版社.2006.7:33-35
[28]沙占友.新型单片开关电源设计与应用技术.第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2004.10:89-91
[29]李建婷,丁志亮,熊蕊.开关电源EMI的抑制策略.通信电源技术.2006.23(2):1
[30]刘陵顺,鲁芳,姜忠山.一种高精度开关稳压电源的设计.仪表技术.2001.6:4