鲁教版初中化学教材习题编制分析及其教学策略研究
|
摘要
全日制义务教育化学课程标准强调从知识与技能、过程和方法、情感态度与价值观三个方面来促进对未来公民科学素养的培养。化学课程标准所体现出的新理念、新思路、新方法对义务教育化学新教材的开发和使用提出了新的挑战。
教材作为课程标准的具体化产物,其设计过程就是以课程目标为指导,将课程理念与课程内容按照一定的逻辑体系和一定的呈现方式加以展开和具体化、系统化的过程。化学习题作为化学教材的重要组成部分,与正文内容紧密相关、互相依存,是正文内容的延伸和运用,因此新课程目标的达成需要对教材习题的编制进行改革。
当前,在对课程、教材的研究中,大家关注更多的是课堂教学改革的研究,而忽视了教材中习题编制的研究,对如何运用教材中的习题进行教学、促进学生科学素养的全面发展更是缺乏深入系统的研究。本课题从“促进学生科学素养”的教育理念出发,运用统计、调查、访谈等研究方法,对鲁教版初中化学教材习题的编制与教学策略进行了初步研究。
本研究从习题的功能、习题的类型、习题的特点三个方面对鲁教版初中化学教材习题进行全面、深入、系统分析。通过调查教材习题教学现状,对习题教学现状进行分析,提出了教材习题的教学策略,希望对教师的教学有所借鉴。最后在对鲁教版教材习题特点和教学策略的分析的基础上,提出了教材习题编制的建议:编制的习题应具有真实性、实践性、基础性、教育性、开放性、探究性、综合性。
The new curriculum ideas clarified by the compulsory chemical education curriculum standards which was promulgated by the Ministry of Education, stressed that the future civic scientific literacy training needed to be promoted by three aspects: the knowledge and skills, process and methods, and emotional attitudes and values. New challenges was raised for the new teaching materials for compulsory education in the development and application by the new ideas, new ideas, new methods reflected by Chemistry curriculum.
As a concrete manifestation of the product design process of textbook curriculum standards is a process of the curriculum and course content will be launched and specific and systematic process a process, with curriculum goals as a guiding, in accordance with the concept of a certain system and the logic of the presentation. Chemical practice materials is an important component of the closely related with the content of the text, interdependence, the extension of the text content and application, and achievement of the goals of the new curriculum thus need the reform of chemical practice materials. The reform of chemical practice should always serve the purpose of cultivating chemistry education, and services to the chemical students learning and development. With the development of reforming, the majority of teachers and other education workers are gradually transforming the concepts of education. Some chemical practice materials have been developed for the view of development of students and educational reform.
Because of the "examination-oriented education", there are many problems in the education of practice. The practice were dealt hastily regardless the scientific method and emotional attitude of the role of values and effects the students of the all-round development of scientific literacy.In the new curriculum reform process, the research of classroom teaching was paid more attention, and Exercise study is a weak point. It is necessary to conduct the research of exercises teaching system.In this work, the features and function of chemistry textbook exercises in elementary and middle school will be studied. The teaching strategies of chemistry textbook exercises will be established based on the connection of theory and practice. This study is hopefully helpful to the chemistry textbook exercises to the teaching strategies in China's junior high school.
Our research systematic analysised from the exercise function , the exercise type , the exercise characteristic.By inquiring into current situation of material exercise teaching, teaching tactics having brought forward teaching material exercise, hope that the teaching to the teacher has certain experience to draw on..At last,we submitted the suggestion that teaching material exercise weaves finally on the analytical basis teaching the printing plate teaching material exercise characteristic and teaching tactics to Shandong: The exercise weaving should have the authenticity , practicality , basis , education , opening to the outside world , exploration , comprehensiveness.
教材作为课程标准的具体化产物,其设计过程就是以课程目标为指导,将课程理念与课程内容按照一定的逻辑体系和一定的呈现方式加以展开和具体化、系统化的过程。化学习题作为化学教材的重要组成部分,与正文内容紧密相关、互相依存,是正文内容的延伸和运用,因此新课程目标的达成需要对教材习题的编制进行改革。
当前,在对课程、教材的研究中,大家关注更多的是课堂教学改革的研究,而忽视了教材中习题编制的研究,对如何运用教材中的习题进行教学、促进学生科学素养的全面发展更是缺乏深入系统的研究。本课题从“促进学生科学素养”的教育理念出发,运用统计、调查、访谈等研究方法,对鲁教版初中化学教材习题的编制与教学策略进行了初步研究。
本研究从习题的功能、习题的类型、习题的特点三个方面对鲁教版初中化学教材习题进行全面、深入、系统分析。通过调查教材习题教学现状,对习题教学现状进行分析,提出了教材习题的教学策略,希望对教师的教学有所借鉴。最后在对鲁教版教材习题特点和教学策略的分析的基础上,提出了教材习题编制的建议:编制的习题应具有真实性、实践性、基础性、教育性、开放性、探究性、综合性。
The new curriculum ideas clarified by the compulsory chemical education curriculum standards which was promulgated by the Ministry of Education, stressed that the future civic scientific literacy training needed to be promoted by three aspects: the knowledge and skills, process and methods, and emotional attitudes and values. New challenges was raised for the new teaching materials for compulsory education in the development and application by the new ideas, new ideas, new methods reflected by Chemistry curriculum.
As a concrete manifestation of the product design process of textbook curriculum standards is a process of the curriculum and course content will be launched and specific and systematic process a process, with curriculum goals as a guiding, in accordance with the concept of a certain system and the logic of the presentation. Chemical practice materials is an important component of the closely related with the content of the text, interdependence, the extension of the text content and application, and achievement of the goals of the new curriculum thus need the reform of chemical practice materials. The reform of chemical practice should always serve the purpose of cultivating chemistry education, and services to the chemical students learning and development. With the development of reforming, the majority of teachers and other education workers are gradually transforming the concepts of education. Some chemical practice materials have been developed for the view of development of students and educational reform.
Because of the "examination-oriented education", there are many problems in the education of practice. The practice were dealt hastily regardless the scientific method and emotional attitude of the role of values and effects the students of the all-round development of scientific literacy.In the new curriculum reform process, the research of classroom teaching was paid more attention, and Exercise study is a weak point. It is necessary to conduct the research of exercises teaching system.In this work, the features and function of chemistry textbook exercises in elementary and middle school will be studied. The teaching strategies of chemistry textbook exercises will be established based on the connection of theory and practice. This study is hopefully helpful to the chemistry textbook exercises to the teaching strategies in China's junior high school.
Our research systematic analysised from the exercise function , the exercise type , the exercise characteristic.By inquiring into current situation of material exercise teaching, teaching tactics having brought forward teaching material exercise, hope that the teaching to the teacher has certain experience to draw on..At last,we submitted the suggestion that teaching material exercise weaves finally on the analytical basis teaching the printing plate teaching material exercise characteristic and teaching tactics to Shandong: The exercise weaving should have the authenticity , practicality , basis , education , opening to the outside world , exploration , comprehensiveness.
引文
⑴ 毕华林. 化学新教材开发与利用. 高等教育出版社,2003.6
⑵ 王祖浩,张天若. 化学问题设计与问题解决. 高等教育出版社,2003.8
1. 中华人民共和国教育部. 全日制义务教育化学课程标准(实验稿).北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001 7.
2. 毕华林.走向生本的教科书设计研究.山东师范大学博士学位论文,2006 4.
3. 毕华林等编著. 化学新教材开发与利用.北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
4. 毕华林,卢巍. 义务教育课程标准实验教科书. 化学. 山东:山东教育出版社 , 2006 5.
5. 卢巍, 毕华林.新题在线-高中化学新题.广西:广西教育出版社,2002 7.
6. 王祖浩. 化学问题设计与问题解决. 北京:高等教育出版社,2005 8.
7. 毕华林. 高中化学新课程教学论. 北京:高等教育出版社,2005 8.
8. 吴俊明. 新课程理念与初中化学课程改革.长春:东北师范大学出版社,2002.
9. 刘知新. 化学教学论.北京:高等教育出版社,1997.
10. 刘知新,何少华,毕华林.化学课程论.南宁:广西教育出版社.1996.
11. 于海燕.义务教育阶段化学习题研究.扬州大学硕士学位论文,2003 5.
12. 吴俊明,李艳灵. 关于高中化学新教材练习设计和练习教学的思考.课程.教材.教法.2005 (11)
13. 毕华林,卢巍. 义务教育化学课程标准实验教科书分析.化学教育.2004 ( 6)
14. 韦斯林. “义务教育化学课程标准实验教科书”中习题的特点.化学教学.2003 (7)
15. 雷范军.人教版高中化学教科书中习题的理性认识.化学教育.2007( )2
16. 王玲玲,毕华林.中学化学教材中计算题编写的思考.化学教学.2004 (1-2)
17. 周琼.高中化学习题功能与编制的研究.化学教育.2004 (3)
18. 俞君芬.浅谈教材习题的功能及其活用.中学化学.2003( 9)
19. 何开平.新课程初中化学习题的设计和例析.理化天地.2005 (12)
20. 陈美蓉.二期课改背景下化学习题编制的思考与尝试.化学教学.2006 (3)
21. 钱扬义,王祖浩.国内外初中化学教材编写的比较研究.化学教育.2003 (3)
22. 周青.中英化学教材中习题的设计对比及启示.化学教育.2006 (6)
23. 刘翠萍.英国中学化学教材Chemical Storylines 习题编制的启示.国内外化学教育动态.2005( 6)
24. 刘本全.美国中学化学教材改革实践及其启示.外国中小学教育.2004 (10)
25. 吴星,沈怡文.给化学教师的101条建议.江苏:南京出版社,2006 1.
⑵ 王祖浩,张天若. 化学问题设计与问题解决. 高等教育出版社,2003.8
1. 中华人民共和国教育部. 全日制义务教育化学课程标准(实验稿).北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001 7.
2. 毕华林.走向生本的教科书设计研究.山东师范大学博士学位论文,2006 4.
3. 毕华林等编著. 化学新教材开发与利用.北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
4. 毕华林,卢巍. 义务教育课程标准实验教科书. 化学. 山东:山东教育出版社 , 2006 5.
5. 卢巍, 毕华林.新题在线-高中化学新题.广西:广西教育出版社,2002 7.
6. 王祖浩. 化学问题设计与问题解决. 北京:高等教育出版社,2005 8.
7. 毕华林. 高中化学新课程教学论. 北京:高等教育出版社,2005 8.
8. 吴俊明. 新课程理念与初中化学课程改革.长春:东北师范大学出版社,2002.
9. 刘知新. 化学教学论.北京:高等教育出版社,1997.
10. 刘知新,何少华,毕华林.化学课程论.南宁:广西教育出版社.1996.
11. 于海燕.义务教育阶段化学习题研究.扬州大学硕士学位论文,2003 5.
12. 吴俊明,李艳灵. 关于高中化学新教材练习设计和练习教学的思考.课程.教材.教法.2005 (11)
13. 毕华林,卢巍. 义务教育化学课程标准实验教科书分析.化学教育.2004 ( 6)
14. 韦斯林. “义务教育化学课程标准实验教科书”中习题的特点.化学教学.2003 (7)
15. 雷范军.人教版高中化学教科书中习题的理性认识.化学教育.2007( )2
16. 王玲玲,毕华林.中学化学教材中计算题编写的思考.化学教学.2004 (1-2)
17. 周琼.高中化学习题功能与编制的研究.化学教育.2004 (3)
18. 俞君芬.浅谈教材习题的功能及其活用.中学化学.2003( 9)
19. 何开平.新课程初中化学习题的设计和例析.理化天地.2005 (12)
20. 陈美蓉.二期课改背景下化学习题编制的思考与尝试.化学教学.2006 (3)
21. 钱扬义,王祖浩.国内外初中化学教材编写的比较研究.化学教育.2003 (3)
22. 周青.中英化学教材中习题的设计对比及启示.化学教育.2006 (6)
23. 刘翠萍.英国中学化学教材Chemical Storylines 习题编制的启示.国内外化学教育动态.2005( 6)
24. 刘本全.美国中学化学教材改革实践及其启示.外国中小学教育.2004 (10)
25. 吴星,沈怡文.给化学教师的101条建议.江苏:南京出版社,2006 1.