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企业战略管理中企业社会责任融入问题研究
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摘要
近年来,企业社会责任呼声日益高涨,企业却表现消极,由此带来的负面影响越来越明显。要克服企业社会责任的履行惰性,政府监督和社会约束作用有限,关键在于激发企业的主观能动性。本文针对这一亟待解决的现实问题,在明确企业社会责任研究的现有问题及发展趋势的基础上,采用对立统一原理和战略配称原理,提出了“企业战略管理中企业社会责任融入”的管理思想,构建了“企业战略管理中企业社会责任融入”的理论体系,从外在表现、作用机制、导入模式及内控体系等方面进行了深入研究,并采用实验方法从消费者响应角度验证了“企业战略管理中企业社会责任融入”的积极影响。本研究是针对当前重大现实问题的理论思考,既有利于企业社会责任理论研究的丰富和发展,又有利于企业社会责任实践的拓展与深入,具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。
Recently years, economic globalization is developing rapidly, as well as human society is changing significantly. During this course, there are a lot of practical problems emerged. Social conflicts are becoming prominent, and there are more public crisises. Enterprises are considered to have a great responsibility and corporate social responsibility has become the focus of people’s attention. Although the research of corporate social responsibility was developing rapidly during the past several decades and achieved encouraging results, corporate social responsibility practice is still inefficient. Government regulation and social constraints play a key role in corporate social responsibility practice, and the enterprise's initiatives have not been effectively motivated. This is the crux of the problems.
     The underlying cause of corporate social responsibility implementation inertia is the contradictory of business interests and social benefits. So the key of resolution is their unity, which can bring a win-win result. Business management is the power source of enterprise development. We have to combine corporate social responsibility and business management to promote the development of enterprises and society. But a blind combination could destroy the strategic fit and weaken the competitive advantage. Hence there are two key points in corporate social responsibility management with a win-win objective. The first is to integrate corporate social responsibility and business management. And the second is to make it a strategic combination, which means a realization of incorporating corporate social responsibility into corporate strategic management.
     According to the corporate social responsibility practice problems,with a comprehensive grasp of current research and development trends, and based on principle of the unity of opposites and principles of strategic fit, this study puts forward the management thinking and practice model of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”, builds the theoretical framework, and research it from the following layers: the appearance,the momentum, the import mode and the internal control system. Finally, this paper verifies its positive impact with an experimental research of the consumers’responses.
     This study is a theoretical thinking of significant practical problems, and has important theoretical significance and practical significance. It can not only enrich and develop the theoretical research of CSR, but can promote its practice. The study is fruitful, and the achievement is as follows:
     First, the study has made the appearance of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”clear. The study defined“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”, pointing that an accurate grasp of social responsibility expectations was the basis, making corporate social responsibility the content of strategy was the approach, and changing social responsibility from economic burden to the value source was the objective. Then we researched the relationship between the level of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”and the affecting factors, such as social environment, industry characteristics, corporate property and social responsibility exceptions. After that, we established a three-dimensional metric system, which was named corporate social responsibility incorporation degree. Furtherly we divided the development of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”into four stages: preparing stage, probing stage, developing stage and maturity stage, and proposed three kinds of promotion strategy: self-cultivation strategy, ingratiation strategy and synthesized strategy.
     Second, the study has made the momentum of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”clear. The study pointed out that“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”was the inevitable choice of economic and social sustainable development. And this was manifested in two aspects. First, environmental change raised the concern of corporate social responsibility incorporation degree and then increased the corporate social responsibility investment. Second, corporate social responsibility incorporation could raise input-output ratio, which was the internal requirements of corporate social responsibility effect formation mechanism. The two aspects increased the overall effectiveness of corporate social responsibility practice together. The study classified the“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”momentum as self-drive, market-drive and environment-drive, and then made a deep analysis of the mechanism. The study also defined the categories of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”practical effect, and explored the variation.
     Third, the study has put forward the import mode of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”. The study researched the import mode of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”from the following aspects: philosophy raisement, behavior import, corporate security and technical support. Philosophy raisement was the basis, which requested corporate thinking changed from local perspective to system perspective, and the integration of corporate social responsibility philosophy and business management philosophy through the construction of entrepreneurship, enterprise system and enterprise image. Behavior import was the core, which could ensure the strategic support of corporate social responsibility through the management cycle of analysis, planning, doing and control. Corporate security was the aid, which requested corporate adjustment of organizational structure, financial management, R&D management and human resource management.
     Technical support was the means, such as the methods based on diamond model and value chain, which could promote the evolution of corporate social responsibility incorporation. Fourth, the study has constructed the internal control system of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”. It was the reality requires of corporate social responsibility satisfaction improvement, image building and competitive advantage cultivation, and there were four guiding principles during the control process. The internal control of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”included three stages. The stage of evaluation and assessment evaluated the process and results of incorporation, and reviewed the objective completion. The stage of analysis and recognition analyzed and forecasted the incorporation course and its impact on business, then found the problems. The stage of warning, correction and prevention identified, measured and evaluated the incorporation risks, then made preventive and corrective measures. The study analyzed the implementation of the above stages in details.
     Fifth, the study has verified the positive impact of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”from the angle of consumers’responses. This was important basis for the thought’s advancement and rationality that“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”. The study constructed consumer internal response relationship model based on“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”, put forward the hypothesis, formed two-level measurement method of corporate social responsibility incorporation, designed a 2×2×2 within-subjects experiment, and analyzed the data with several data processing methods including descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, validity analysis, effect analysis, interaction analysis and mediating role analysis. The experimental results showed that“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”had positive impacts on the key variables of consumer internal responses, and then verified the theoretical and practical value of the research in the perspective of consumers.
     The innovations of the study lay in three aspects. The first was the innovation of research framework of corporate social responsibility. The study constructed a three-dimensional research framework though the lay out of the thesis, which was composed by research perspective, theoretical research, practical research and the management thought. This research framework overcame the drawback of a tilt research perspective and the separation of theory and practice. The second was the innovation of theoretical research. The study identified the appearance and the momentum of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”, revealed essential characteristics of the constitution, developmental stages, driven-force and effect formation. And this enriched and developed the theoretical research of corporate social responsibility. The third was the innovation of practical research. The study put forward the import mode and the internal control system of“Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategic Management”, which resolved the practical problems how to import and how to promote. And this was an innovation of corporate social responsibility practice.
引文
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