产业集群创业人才孵化因素及其作用机理研究
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摘要
经济全球化引发生产要素全球范围内的自由流动和优化配置,在全世界经济发展的版图中出现了一些“集中在某些区域的企业群落”,形成产业集群。当今产业集群成为推动各国区域经济和社会发展的强大动力,产业集聚引发人才集聚浪潮,大量优秀的创业人才应运而生。创业人才以自身的创业活动极大促进产业集群的发展,推进产业集群的升级换代和区域创新,并不断催生新的产业集聚。研究产业集群创业人才集聚,探索产业集群对创业人才的孵化因素、孵化阶段及其作用机理,具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。
本文首先在文献研究的基础上,借鉴物理学“磁场”理论,研究产业集群创业人才集聚效应,构建了产业集群创业人才‘孵化过程的概念模型。运用类比研究方法,对产业集群创业人才的吸引力和集聚现象进行了理论诠释,剖析了产业集群人才磁场形成的阶段,以及各阶段对创业人才的集聚及其孵化效应,论证了产业集群创业人才由量变到质变最终推动产业集群发展的作用机理；借鉴牛顿“万有引力”定律,研究建立了产业集群创业人才吸引力函数模型；通过与产业集群创业人才的半结构化访谈,实证研究了产业集群创业人才孵化的促进机理,运用内容分析法,构建了产业集群创业人才孵化过程的概念模型。
其次,基于产业集群创业人才孵化过程的概念框架的提出,运用实证研究方法构建了产业集群创业人才孵化功能模型。分析产业集群对创业人才孵化的影响因素,设计并构建了各类机构主体集成的产业集群创业人才孵化因素量表。通过结构化问卷调查,运用探索性和验证性因子分析对量表进行检验,验证了产业集群对创业人才孵化系统的构成,构建了包括个人绩效和组织绩效两个主体因子融合的产业集群创业人才创业绩效评价量表；运用相关分析和多元回归分析,验证了产业集群不同孵化主体和因素对创业人才绩效的影响作用和相互关系,构建了产业集群创业人才孵化功能模型。
然后,依据创业管理理论的研究,运用文献研究和实证研究方法,构建了产业集群创业人才孵化阶段模型。本文分别从新创企业发展过程、创业机会识别利用和创业资源获取整合三个视角,研究构建产业集群创业人才‘孵化阶段模型,揭示产业集群对创业人才从产生创业倾向、识别创业机会、获取创业资源、实施创业,最终创业成功全过程衔接机制及其影响机理。
再次,借鉴价值链和创新链理论,首次研究提出并构建了产业集群创业人才孵化链模型。本文运用归纳研究方法,对创业链和孵化链进行了概念界定,通过实证研究论证了创业孵化链的构成要素和主体,运用资源配置理论提出了孵化链的支撑体系和孵化单元,构建了包括六大孵化主体、五个孵化单元和四组运行支持体系相链接的创业人才‘三维孵化链模型,从而进一步揭示了产业集群对创业人才孵化的作用机理。最后,本文提出了产业集群创业人才孵化链的功能提升机制。
本研究旨在探索产业集群创业人才集聚和孵化的过程,剖析影响这一过程的关键因素,揭示这些关键因素影响产业集群创业人才绩效的作用机理。这一研究成果将丰富产业集群和创业研究理论,同时为产业集群新创企业在竞争环境下吸引人才,构建适合我国国情的产业集群创业人才孵化机制提供理论和实践参考。
Along with the acceleration of economic globalization as well as the manufacture factors worldwide flow and optimized allocation, there are more and more "agglomeration of enterprise group" in the global economy that lead to the formation of industrial clusters, which become the important driving force of regional economic and social development. The process the emergence and development of Industrial clusters is accompanied by a large gathering of excellent human resources, which on the one hand supports the emergence and development of industrial clusters, and the entrepreneurs themselves also promote clusters development through their own innovation activities. More people tend to start their business and participate in entrepreneurial activities, which become the important factors to promote the upgrading of industrial clusters and innovative development, and constantly create new and innovative industrial cluster. Therefore, it is of important theoretical and practical significance to study the reasons for agglomeration of entrepreneurship in the industrial cluster, explore the factors and mechanism of industry clusters on entrepreneurs'incubation as well as the stage of incubation.
Firstly, based on the research in the literature, according to "magnetic field" theory in physics, the thesis reveals the agglomeration effect on entrepreneurial talents of the industry clusters, built a conceptual framework of the entrepreneurial talent incubation process. By applying the analogue research methods, it theoretically interpret the industrial clusters'agglomeration of the talents, analysis the formation stage of the magnetic field of the industrial cluster, and incubation effect on entrepreneurs in each stages of concentration, demonstrates the changing process from quantitative to qualitative of industry clusters'agglomeration on human resources that finally drive the development of industrial clusters; Based on Newton's "gravity" law, it established business attractiveness function model of the industrial clusters; According to the semi-structured interviews with the entrepreneurial talents in the industry cluster, empirically study the mechanism of how industrial clusters promote entrepreneurship incubation, by using content analysis, it also built a conceptual framework of industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation process model.
Secondly, based on the conceptual framework of industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation process model, the thesis also establish the industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation function model by empirical research. Through literature reviews, the thesis analyzed the incubation factors of industrial clusters on entrepreneurship, design and construct industrial clusters incubation factor scale consist of eight categories of institutions and resources, through a structured questionnaire, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis is used to test the scale, and verify the structure of industrial clusters incubation system, construct the industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation performance scale model including the two main factors of individual performance and organizational performance, in the use of correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis to verify the cluster of different factors on hatching performance of the entrepreneurial talent and the interrelationships, and build the industrial cluster entrepreneurship incubation function model.
Thirdly, by applying the theory of entrepreneurial management, it builds the industrial clusters incubation stage model. This thesis combined the literature and empirical research methods, from the perspective of the new ventures development, entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial resources, build the industrial clusters incubation stage model. It fully reveals mechanism of the industrial clusters' effects on entrepreneurial talents during the entire process of entrepreneurship intention generation, entrepreneurial opportunities identification, business resources accessing, business plan implementation, and the ultimate success.
Finally, referring to the value chain and innovation chain theory, it proposed and built a chain model of industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation for the first time. In this thesis, inductive research methods is applied to define the concept of business incubation chain, through empirical study it also demonstrates the elements of the entrepreneurship incubation chain, by applying the resource allocation theory it proposed the incubation chain support system and the incubation units, and finally construct the three-dimensional incubation chain including six incubation actors, five incubation units, four groups of operational support system, which further revealed the mechanism of industrial cluster on entrepreneurial talent incubation. Finally, this thesis also provides the recommendations to enhance the function of industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation chain.
This study aimed to explore the entrepreneurial talent agglomeration and incubation process in the industrial clusters, analyze the key factors that influence this process and reveals mechanism of the key factors'influence on entrepreneurial talent incubation performance. The findings will enrich theories of industrial clusters and entrepreneurship research, as well as assisting new enterprises in a highly competitive environment of industrial clusters to achieve rapid development and growth, and providing the theoretical and practical reference for building suitable incubation mechanism in China's industrial clusters.
本文首先在文献研究的基础上,借鉴物理学“磁场”理论,研究产业集群创业人才集聚效应,构建了产业集群创业人才‘孵化过程的概念模型。运用类比研究方法,对产业集群创业人才的吸引力和集聚现象进行了理论诠释,剖析了产业集群人才磁场形成的阶段,以及各阶段对创业人才的集聚及其孵化效应,论证了产业集群创业人才由量变到质变最终推动产业集群发展的作用机理；借鉴牛顿“万有引力”定律,研究建立了产业集群创业人才吸引力函数模型；通过与产业集群创业人才的半结构化访谈,实证研究了产业集群创业人才孵化的促进机理,运用内容分析法,构建了产业集群创业人才孵化过程的概念模型。
其次,基于产业集群创业人才孵化过程的概念框架的提出,运用实证研究方法构建了产业集群创业人才孵化功能模型。分析产业集群对创业人才孵化的影响因素,设计并构建了各类机构主体集成的产业集群创业人才孵化因素量表。通过结构化问卷调查,运用探索性和验证性因子分析对量表进行检验,验证了产业集群对创业人才孵化系统的构成,构建了包括个人绩效和组织绩效两个主体因子融合的产业集群创业人才创业绩效评价量表；运用相关分析和多元回归分析,验证了产业集群不同孵化主体和因素对创业人才绩效的影响作用和相互关系,构建了产业集群创业人才孵化功能模型。
然后,依据创业管理理论的研究,运用文献研究和实证研究方法,构建了产业集群创业人才孵化阶段模型。本文分别从新创企业发展过程、创业机会识别利用和创业资源获取整合三个视角,研究构建产业集群创业人才‘孵化阶段模型,揭示产业集群对创业人才从产生创业倾向、识别创业机会、获取创业资源、实施创业,最终创业成功全过程衔接机制及其影响机理。
再次,借鉴价值链和创新链理论,首次研究提出并构建了产业集群创业人才孵化链模型。本文运用归纳研究方法,对创业链和孵化链进行了概念界定,通过实证研究论证了创业孵化链的构成要素和主体,运用资源配置理论提出了孵化链的支撑体系和孵化单元,构建了包括六大孵化主体、五个孵化单元和四组运行支持体系相链接的创业人才‘三维孵化链模型,从而进一步揭示了产业集群对创业人才孵化的作用机理。最后,本文提出了产业集群创业人才孵化链的功能提升机制。
本研究旨在探索产业集群创业人才集聚和孵化的过程,剖析影响这一过程的关键因素,揭示这些关键因素影响产业集群创业人才绩效的作用机理。这一研究成果将丰富产业集群和创业研究理论,同时为产业集群新创企业在竞争环境下吸引人才,构建适合我国国情的产业集群创业人才孵化机制提供理论和实践参考。
Along with the acceleration of economic globalization as well as the manufacture factors worldwide flow and optimized allocation, there are more and more "agglomeration of enterprise group" in the global economy that lead to the formation of industrial clusters, which become the important driving force of regional economic and social development. The process the emergence and development of Industrial clusters is accompanied by a large gathering of excellent human resources, which on the one hand supports the emergence and development of industrial clusters, and the entrepreneurs themselves also promote clusters development through their own innovation activities. More people tend to start their business and participate in entrepreneurial activities, which become the important factors to promote the upgrading of industrial clusters and innovative development, and constantly create new and innovative industrial cluster. Therefore, it is of important theoretical and practical significance to study the reasons for agglomeration of entrepreneurship in the industrial cluster, explore the factors and mechanism of industry clusters on entrepreneurs'incubation as well as the stage of incubation.
Firstly, based on the research in the literature, according to "magnetic field" theory in physics, the thesis reveals the agglomeration effect on entrepreneurial talents of the industry clusters, built a conceptual framework of the entrepreneurial talent incubation process. By applying the analogue research methods, it theoretically interpret the industrial clusters'agglomeration of the talents, analysis the formation stage of the magnetic field of the industrial cluster, and incubation effect on entrepreneurs in each stages of concentration, demonstrates the changing process from quantitative to qualitative of industry clusters'agglomeration on human resources that finally drive the development of industrial clusters; Based on Newton's "gravity" law, it established business attractiveness function model of the industrial clusters; According to the semi-structured interviews with the entrepreneurial talents in the industry cluster, empirically study the mechanism of how industrial clusters promote entrepreneurship incubation, by using content analysis, it also built a conceptual framework of industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation process model.
Secondly, based on the conceptual framework of industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation process model, the thesis also establish the industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation function model by empirical research. Through literature reviews, the thesis analyzed the incubation factors of industrial clusters on entrepreneurship, design and construct industrial clusters incubation factor scale consist of eight categories of institutions and resources, through a structured questionnaire, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis is used to test the scale, and verify the structure of industrial clusters incubation system, construct the industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation performance scale model including the two main factors of individual performance and organizational performance, in the use of correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis to verify the cluster of different factors on hatching performance of the entrepreneurial talent and the interrelationships, and build the industrial cluster entrepreneurship incubation function model.
Thirdly, by applying the theory of entrepreneurial management, it builds the industrial clusters incubation stage model. This thesis combined the literature and empirical research methods, from the perspective of the new ventures development, entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial resources, build the industrial clusters incubation stage model. It fully reveals mechanism of the industrial clusters' effects on entrepreneurial talents during the entire process of entrepreneurship intention generation, entrepreneurial opportunities identification, business resources accessing, business plan implementation, and the ultimate success.
Finally, referring to the value chain and innovation chain theory, it proposed and built a chain model of industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation for the first time. In this thesis, inductive research methods is applied to define the concept of business incubation chain, through empirical study it also demonstrates the elements of the entrepreneurship incubation chain, by applying the resource allocation theory it proposed the incubation chain support system and the incubation units, and finally construct the three-dimensional incubation chain including six incubation actors, five incubation units, four groups of operational support system, which further revealed the mechanism of industrial cluster on entrepreneurial talent incubation. Finally, this thesis also provides the recommendations to enhance the function of industrial clusters entrepreneurship incubation chain.
This study aimed to explore the entrepreneurial talent agglomeration and incubation process in the industrial clusters, analyze the key factors that influence this process and reveals mechanism of the key factors'influence on entrepreneurial talent incubation performance. The findings will enrich theories of industrial clusters and entrepreneurship research, as well as assisting new enterprises in a highly competitive environment of industrial clusters to achieve rapid development and growth, and providing the theoretical and practical reference for building suitable incubation mechanism in China's industrial clusters.
引文
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