基于网络化虚拟仪器的车辆零部件检测系统的研发
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摘要
近年来,随着汽车行业的迅猛发展以及日益激烈的市场竞争,人们对汽车质量的要求也越来越高。车辆零部件作为汽车的基本组成部分,是决定汽车整体质量好坏的根本,因此车辆零部件需要高质量的测试方法。虚拟仪器技术的出现为工程技术人员提供了更好的选择。采用虚拟仪器技术开发测试系统不仅周期短,效率高,而且价格相对较低,成为今后的一个发展趋势。
本文结合某车辆零部件检测中心实际工作,做了大量相关研究,研发一种基于网络化虚拟仪器的车辆零部件检测系统,并对该系统中所涉及的关键技术、系统构架、各部分功能实现,进行了深入研究。论文主要研究工作如下：
1.对当前虚拟仪器技术作了介绍,并在此基础上介绍了LabVIEW功能和特点,同时表明检测技术与虚拟仪器技术相结合将成为未来检测技术发展的主流方向。
2.根据车辆零部件测试需要,提出了检测系统的总体构架,并对系统各部分的功能作了描述。
3.介绍并分析了检测过程中的信号分析处理技术,如频谱分析、傅里叶变换以及加窗处理等,并通过对各自的算法理论的研究,在LabVIEW环境下设计实现了各自算法。
4.具体介绍车辆零部件检测系统系统的硬件设计。硬件部分主要包括了数据采集卡的选型,传感器的选型,主减速器及传动轴试验台的设计
5.通过LabVIEW软件实现系统的检测各种功能,包括信号采集、信号处理分析、结果显示等。同时通过网络发布的形式使系统具备远程控制的特性。
最后论文在总结全文工作的基础上,对进一步研究提出了建议和展望。
Recent years have witnessed the accelerating development and fierce market competition of the automobile industry. Along with that trend, consumers'expectation of automobiles is also increasing. As the basic parts of automobiles, auto components are the fundamental element of automobile quality. Therefore, an advanced testing method is a must for automobile components. The advent of virtual instrument technology has provided engineering technicians with better options. The exploration and testing system by means of virtual instrument technology yields a shorter period with high efficiency at a relatively cheaper price, which is bound to be the future development trend.
Based on the practice and relevant research in a testing center of automobile components, this paper researches and develops a testing system of automobile components by networking virtual instruments, and comprehensively analyses the key technology, systematic framework and the realization of all component functions. The paper mainly covers the following aspects:
1. Describes the LabVIEW functions and features based on the introduction of virtual instrument technology, while that detection technology combined with the virtual instrument technology will become the mainstream of the future direction of technology development test.
2. Proposed overall structure of the detection system, which according to the automobile component test requirements, and then describes the function of various parts of the system.
3. The signal analysis and processing techniques in detection process are introduced, such as spectral analysis, Fourier transform and windowed processingand.Complete the algorithm theory study. Design and implement the algorithms in the LabVIEW environment.
4. Hardware components design is introduced specifically in vehicle detection system. Hardware part includes a data acquisition card selection, sensor selection, the main reducer and the transmission shaft test-bed. At the same time, the things should be paid attention in the hardware design.
5. Using LabVIEW software system to test variety of functions, including signal acquisition, signal processing and analysis, and displaying the result. Also making the system has the features of remote controlling by publishing the system on the network.
Summarizing the above analyses, the paper further proposes suggestions and expectations.
本文结合某车辆零部件检测中心实际工作,做了大量相关研究,研发一种基于网络化虚拟仪器的车辆零部件检测系统,并对该系统中所涉及的关键技术、系统构架、各部分功能实现,进行了深入研究。论文主要研究工作如下：
1.对当前虚拟仪器技术作了介绍,并在此基础上介绍了LabVIEW功能和特点,同时表明检测技术与虚拟仪器技术相结合将成为未来检测技术发展的主流方向。
2.根据车辆零部件测试需要,提出了检测系统的总体构架,并对系统各部分的功能作了描述。
3.介绍并分析了检测过程中的信号分析处理技术,如频谱分析、傅里叶变换以及加窗处理等,并通过对各自的算法理论的研究,在LabVIEW环境下设计实现了各自算法。
4.具体介绍车辆零部件检测系统系统的硬件设计。硬件部分主要包括了数据采集卡的选型,传感器的选型,主减速器及传动轴试验台的设计
5.通过LabVIEW软件实现系统的检测各种功能,包括信号采集、信号处理分析、结果显示等。同时通过网络发布的形式使系统具备远程控制的特性。
最后论文在总结全文工作的基础上,对进一步研究提出了建议和展望。
Recent years have witnessed the accelerating development and fierce market competition of the automobile industry. Along with that trend, consumers'expectation of automobiles is also increasing. As the basic parts of automobiles, auto components are the fundamental element of automobile quality. Therefore, an advanced testing method is a must for automobile components. The advent of virtual instrument technology has provided engineering technicians with better options. The exploration and testing system by means of virtual instrument technology yields a shorter period with high efficiency at a relatively cheaper price, which is bound to be the future development trend.
Based on the practice and relevant research in a testing center of automobile components, this paper researches and develops a testing system of automobile components by networking virtual instruments, and comprehensively analyses the key technology, systematic framework and the realization of all component functions. The paper mainly covers the following aspects:
1. Describes the LabVIEW functions and features based on the introduction of virtual instrument technology, while that detection technology combined with the virtual instrument technology will become the mainstream of the future direction of technology development test.
2. Proposed overall structure of the detection system, which according to the automobile component test requirements, and then describes the function of various parts of the system.
3. The signal analysis and processing techniques in detection process are introduced, such as spectral analysis, Fourier transform and windowed processingand.Complete the algorithm theory study. Design and implement the algorithms in the LabVIEW environment.
4. Hardware components design is introduced specifically in vehicle detection system. Hardware part includes a data acquisition card selection, sensor selection, the main reducer and the transmission shaft test-bed. At the same time, the things should be paid attention in the hardware design.
5. Using LabVIEW software system to test variety of functions, including signal acquisition, signal processing and analysis, and displaying the result. Also making the system has the features of remote controlling by publishing the system on the network.
Summarizing the above analyses, the paper further proposes suggestions and expectations.
引文
[1]李克.设备远程监测与故障诊断系统的研究与实现[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2005.5
[2]赵伟,张小牛,孟浩文.网络化-测量技术和仪器发展的新趋势[J].电测与仪表,2000,37(7)：5-9.
[3]熊国华.设备远程监测与故障诊断系统的研究与实现[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2005.5
[4]Zrudsky, Donald R, Pichler, James M. Virtual instrument for instantaneous power measurements[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1992,41(8):528-534.
[5]李震.基于虚拟仪器的实验信号集成处理系统研究[J].安徽机电学院学报,2002,17(2)：5-8.
[6]朱晓华.基于组件技术的虚拟仪器开发方法研究[J].上海大学学报,1999,5(4)：357-361.
[7]秦树人,汤保平.面向21世纪的绿色仪器系统[J].中国机械工程,2000,11(3)：275-278.
[8]Cisneros-Gonzalez. M, Arjona.M.A, Hernandez.C. A Virtual Instrument for a Linear Voltage Inverter Applied to a Three-Phase Induction Motor [J]. Robotics and Automotive Mechanics Conference.2009,6(9):423-423.
[9]黄天辰,冯长江,黄兴智,张建英.虚拟仪器实验室的设计[J].华北航天工业学院学报,2006,16(7)：18-20.
[10]田磊.汽车主减速器性能及其检测方法研究[D].浙江：浙江大学,2007.5
[11]王爱玲,现代数控机床结构与设计[M].北京：兵器工业出版社,1999：292-324.
[12]孙圣和.现代传感器发展方向[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2009,23(1)：1-10.
[13]朱俊.汽车传感器的应用与发展[J].城市公共交通,2009,12(1)：18-19.
[14]徐丽娜.基于LabVIEW的星齿行星减速器性能测试系统的设计[D].西安：西安科技大学,2009.4.
[15]周云波.实用铂热电阻线性化变换电路[J].电子技术应用,1995,10：47-48.
[16]唐进元,吕文利,周长江等.基于LabVIEW的机械传动性能测试系统[J].测控技术,2006,25(6)：16-18,24.
[17]林止盛.虚拟仪器技术及其发展[J].现代计量测试,1997,5(4)：10-16.
[18]岂兴明,周建兴,矫津毅LabVIEW 8.2中文版入门与典型实例[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2010：10-100.
[19]李雅茹.虚拟仪器及其在农业现代化中的应用[J].陕西农业科学,2009,55(2)：131-131,221.
[20]陈万里,王丽霞.基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器的研究[J].仪器仪表用户,2007,17(6)：14-15.
[21]彭启琮,邵怀宗,李明奇.信号分析[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006：2-5.
[22]刘振丙,刘建国,汪国有.基于矩的无乘法离散傅立叶变换[J].通信学报,2009,18(9)：122-127.
[23]张维旺.基于虚拟仪器的纳秒脉冲测量装置的研制[D].南京：南京农业大学,2008.5
[24]马晓军.基于LabVIEW船舶柴油机远程故障诊断系统研究[D].江苏：江苏科技大学,2008.5
[25]韩敏,徐莉娜,王崇峰.星齿行星减速器虚拟测试系统的研究[J].机床与液压,2009,37(9)：137-139,172.
[26]周永圣.基于虚拟仪器的汽车部件测试技术及其网络化研究[D].南京：东南大学,2004.4.
[27]Jimenez, Francisco Javier. Virtual instrument for measurement, processing data, and visualization of vibration patterns of piezoelectric devices [J]. Computer Standards and Interfaces,2005,27(6):653-663.
[28]邓居祁,殷科生,刘文彦.网络化虚拟仪器技术的现状与研究方向[J].湘潭师范学院学报,2008,30(4)：47-49.
[29]龚海燕,陈仁义,孙亚飞.网络化虚拟仪器[J].实用测试技术,2002,28(3)：37-39.
[30]陈国顺,余达太,刘增良.基于虚拟仪器的网络化测试系统设计与应用[J].电子测量技术,2007,30(3)：13-16.
[31]米志红,王承,何志伟.网络化虚拟仪器的构思及实现[J].电子质量,2002,17(3)：14-17.
[32]崔红梅, 裴喜春,马弘跃,麻硕士.网络化虚拟测试仪器的研究与开发[J].电子测量技术,2006,37(4)：623-626.
[33]王香港,刘功申,李生红.高性能互联网信息监控系统的研究与实现[J].微计算机信息,2008,9(3)：92-93.
[34]蒋朝阳.基于DataSocket的虚拟仪器技术在设备远程状态监测与故障诊断中的应用[J].科技信息,2008,13：63-64,95.
[35]周红标,张宇林.基于DataSocket的脉搏数据传输系统的设计[J].国外电子测量技术,2010,1：56-58.
[36]王香港,刘功中,李生红.高性能互联网信息监控系统的研究与实现[J].微计算机信息,2008,9(3)：92-92.
[37]Kaewkongka T., Joe Au Y. H., Rakowski R. et al. Continuous wavelets transform and neural network for condition monitoring of rotor-dynamic machinery[J]. IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference,2001,23(6):1962-1966.
[38]M.-Ch. Pan, P.-Ch. Lee, Y.-R. Remote online machine fault diagnostic system[J]. Measurement,2008,41(8):912-921.
[39]Zrudsky, Donald R, Pichler, James M. Virtual instrument for instantaneous power measurements[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1992,41(8): 528-534
[40]高丽丽,徐克宝,栾兆学.基于网络化虚拟仪器的设备状态监测系统的研究[J].煤炭工程,2009,9(12)：115-117.
[2]赵伟,张小牛,孟浩文.网络化-测量技术和仪器发展的新趋势[J].电测与仪表,2000,37(7)：5-9.
[3]熊国华.设备远程监测与故障诊断系统的研究与实现[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2005.5
[4]Zrudsky, Donald R, Pichler, James M. Virtual instrument for instantaneous power measurements[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1992,41(8):528-534.
[5]李震.基于虚拟仪器的实验信号集成处理系统研究[J].安徽机电学院学报,2002,17(2)：5-8.
[6]朱晓华.基于组件技术的虚拟仪器开发方法研究[J].上海大学学报,1999,5(4)：357-361.
[7]秦树人,汤保平.面向21世纪的绿色仪器系统[J].中国机械工程,2000,11(3)：275-278.
[8]Cisneros-Gonzalez. M, Arjona.M.A, Hernandez.C. A Virtual Instrument for a Linear Voltage Inverter Applied to a Three-Phase Induction Motor [J]. Robotics and Automotive Mechanics Conference.2009,6(9):423-423.
[9]黄天辰,冯长江,黄兴智,张建英.虚拟仪器实验室的设计[J].华北航天工业学院学报,2006,16(7)：18-20.
[10]田磊.汽车主减速器性能及其检测方法研究[D].浙江：浙江大学,2007.5
[11]王爱玲,现代数控机床结构与设计[M].北京：兵器工业出版社,1999：292-324.
[12]孙圣和.现代传感器发展方向[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2009,23(1)：1-10.
[13]朱俊.汽车传感器的应用与发展[J].城市公共交通,2009,12(1)：18-19.
[14]徐丽娜.基于LabVIEW的星齿行星减速器性能测试系统的设计[D].西安：西安科技大学,2009.4.
[15]周云波.实用铂热电阻线性化变换电路[J].电子技术应用,1995,10：47-48.
[16]唐进元,吕文利,周长江等.基于LabVIEW的机械传动性能测试系统[J].测控技术,2006,25(6)：16-18,24.
[17]林止盛.虚拟仪器技术及其发展[J].现代计量测试,1997,5(4)：10-16.
[18]岂兴明,周建兴,矫津毅LabVIEW 8.2中文版入门与典型实例[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2010：10-100.
[19]李雅茹.虚拟仪器及其在农业现代化中的应用[J].陕西农业科学,2009,55(2)：131-131,221.
[20]陈万里,王丽霞.基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器的研究[J].仪器仪表用户,2007,17(6)：14-15.
[21]彭启琮,邵怀宗,李明奇.信号分析[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006：2-5.
[22]刘振丙,刘建国,汪国有.基于矩的无乘法离散傅立叶变换[J].通信学报,2009,18(9)：122-127.
[23]张维旺.基于虚拟仪器的纳秒脉冲测量装置的研制[D].南京：南京农业大学,2008.5
[24]马晓军.基于LabVIEW船舶柴油机远程故障诊断系统研究[D].江苏：江苏科技大学,2008.5
[25]韩敏,徐莉娜,王崇峰.星齿行星减速器虚拟测试系统的研究[J].机床与液压,2009,37(9)：137-139,172.
[26]周永圣.基于虚拟仪器的汽车部件测试技术及其网络化研究[D].南京：东南大学,2004.4.
[27]Jimenez, Francisco Javier. Virtual instrument for measurement, processing data, and visualization of vibration patterns of piezoelectric devices [J]. Computer Standards and Interfaces,2005,27(6):653-663.
[28]邓居祁,殷科生,刘文彦.网络化虚拟仪器技术的现状与研究方向[J].湘潭师范学院学报,2008,30(4)：47-49.
[29]龚海燕,陈仁义,孙亚飞.网络化虚拟仪器[J].实用测试技术,2002,28(3)：37-39.
[30]陈国顺,余达太,刘增良.基于虚拟仪器的网络化测试系统设计与应用[J].电子测量技术,2007,30(3)：13-16.
[31]米志红,王承,何志伟.网络化虚拟仪器的构思及实现[J].电子质量,2002,17(3)：14-17.
[32]崔红梅, 裴喜春,马弘跃,麻硕士.网络化虚拟测试仪器的研究与开发[J].电子测量技术,2006,37(4)：623-626.
[33]王香港,刘功申,李生红.高性能互联网信息监控系统的研究与实现[J].微计算机信息,2008,9(3)：92-93.
[34]蒋朝阳.基于DataSocket的虚拟仪器技术在设备远程状态监测与故障诊断中的应用[J].科技信息,2008,13：63-64,95.
[35]周红标,张宇林.基于DataSocket的脉搏数据传输系统的设计[J].国外电子测量技术,2010,1：56-58.
[36]王香港,刘功中,李生红.高性能互联网信息监控系统的研究与实现[J].微计算机信息,2008,9(3)：92-92.
[37]Kaewkongka T., Joe Au Y. H., Rakowski R. et al. Continuous wavelets transform and neural network for condition monitoring of rotor-dynamic machinery[J]. IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference,2001,23(6):1962-1966.
[38]M.-Ch. Pan, P.-Ch. Lee, Y.-R. Remote online machine fault diagnostic system[J]. Measurement,2008,41(8):912-921.
[39]Zrudsky, Donald R, Pichler, James M. Virtual instrument for instantaneous power measurements[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1992,41(8): 528-534
[40]高丽丽,徐克宝,栾兆学.基于网络化虚拟仪器的设备状态监测系统的研究[J].煤炭工程,2009,9(12)：115-117.