基于DSP的无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制系统的研究与实现
|
摘要
无刷双馈电机(Brushless doubly-fed machine简称:BDFM)是一种结构简单、异同步通用的新型电机,不同的运行状态可以通过调节控制绕组电压的频率、幅值、相序实现。它可以在无刷的情况下实现双馈运行,提高了系统的可靠性。无刷双馈电机既可作为电动机应用于交流调速传动系统,也可作发电机应用于变速恒频恒压发电系统,具有变频器容量小,独立调节有功功率和无功功率,控制功率因数等特点,在风机和泵类机械的节能调速系统及变速恒频的水力和风力发电系统中具有广阔的应用前景。本文对无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制系统的磁链观测、转矩观测、功率因数、稳态特性、暂态特性进行了研究。完成的主要工作如下:
1、磁链观测是无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制系统的关键,直接影响到控制策略的成败。本文在深入研究反馈补偿高通滤波u-i模型的基础上,进行了改进。实现时,反馈补偿环节的截止频率不同于高通环节,较为有效地解决了u-i模型在低频下磁链观测不准的问题,实验结果表明该方法取得了较好的控制效果。
2、转矩观测同样是直接转矩系统的关键,本文提出了一种在α、β静止坐标系下的转矩观测方法,相对于目前文献中采用的dqo转子速坐标系下的转矩观测方法,避免了旋转坐标变换,有效地减少了程序计算量,提高了控制精度,实验结果表明在超同步及亚同步运行状态都取得了较好的控制效果。
3、在继承本课题组研究成果的基础上,实现了基于直接转矩控制的无刷双馈电机的调速。实验结果表明,和开环控制系统相比,调速范围扩大,抗扰能力提高,且保持了直接转矩控制方法动态响应快的优点。
4、在实现无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制的基础上,对无刷双馈电机在不同运行状态下的功率因数特性进行了仿真和实验研究。对控制绕组在不同磁链给定及负载等变化时的功率因数进行了大量实验,实验结果表明,调节磁链给定值既能调节功率因数的大小也能调节其无功功率性质。
5、对无刷双馈电机在双馈运行状态下的启动特性进行了探索性研究。对于异步启动、然后牵入双馈运行以及双馈启动两种启动方法,研究了控制绕组磁链给定对上述两种启动方法的影响。仿真和实验表明,不同控制绕组磁链给定对两种启动过程都有影响,而且在同一实验条件下,不同时刻从异步牵入双馈的暂态过程不一样。
Brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) is a new kind of special machine which can operate on asynchronous and synchronous state. The different operating mode of BDFM can be modified by adjusting the frequency, amplitude value of the voltage in the stator control winding. BDFM can operate on brushless doubly-fed operation state, which improve the reliability of system. It can be used in AC adjustable-speed drive systems as a motor or be used in adjustable speed constant frequency system as a generator. The BDFM system has the characteristics of less capacity inverter, separately adjustable active power and reactive power, as well as power factor, so it will widely used in high-capacity variable frequency adjustable speed drives systems and adjustable speed constant frequency generator systems. In this paper, flux observer, torque observer, power factor, steady-state characteristics, transient characteristics were studied. Main research work is as follows:
1.Flux observer is the key of direct torque control system of BDFM. It directly affect the success or failure of control strategy.,Based on studying the feedback and compensation of high-pass filter the u-i model, This paper proposed a feedback compensator is different from the high-pass cutoff frequency part of the flux observer method.The method solved the problem that the u-i model flux observer was inaccurate at low frequencies more effective, experimental results showed that the method achieved good control effect.
2.Torque observer is also the key to the direct torque control system, as opposed to the current literature, the observation approach was built in the dqo rotor speed coordinate system. This paper propose a torque observer approach in theα,βstationary coordinate system. the method avoided the rotating coordinate transformation, effectively reduced the computational procedures, improved the control precision. Experimental results showed that the super-synchronous and sub-synchronous operating state have achieved good control effect.
3.In the inheritance of this group on the basis of realized based on direct torque control of brushless doubly-fed motor speed control. Experimental results show that speed range expansion, increased power of resistance and maintained the advantage that quick dynamic response of direct torque control,compared to the open-loop control system.
4.Based on the realization of BDFM direct torque control of brushless doubly-fed motor. Study the power factor under different running characteristics of the simulation and experiment. On the control winding flux given in different and load such changes, a large number of experiments for the power factor showed that the value of flux given could regulate the size of power factor also regulate the nature of reactive power.
5.An exploratory study was launched on the BDFM of start characteristics. For asynchronous start and then pull into doubly-fed operation and the method of doubly-fed variable frequency starting. Focusing on the impact that different control winding flux controlled the motor pulling into double-fed process and the starting process of double-fed variable frequency. Simulation and experiments showed that different control winding flux given had the different impact on the two starting methods, but at the same experimental conditions, the transient process was different that pulled in the double-fed from asynchronous at different times.
1、磁链观测是无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制系统的关键,直接影响到控制策略的成败。本文在深入研究反馈补偿高通滤波u-i模型的基础上,进行了改进。实现时,反馈补偿环节的截止频率不同于高通环节,较为有效地解决了u-i模型在低频下磁链观测不准的问题,实验结果表明该方法取得了较好的控制效果。
2、转矩观测同样是直接转矩系统的关键,本文提出了一种在α、β静止坐标系下的转矩观测方法,相对于目前文献中采用的dqo转子速坐标系下的转矩观测方法,避免了旋转坐标变换,有效地减少了程序计算量,提高了控制精度,实验结果表明在超同步及亚同步运行状态都取得了较好的控制效果。
3、在继承本课题组研究成果的基础上,实现了基于直接转矩控制的无刷双馈电机的调速。实验结果表明,和开环控制系统相比,调速范围扩大,抗扰能力提高,且保持了直接转矩控制方法动态响应快的优点。
4、在实现无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制的基础上,对无刷双馈电机在不同运行状态下的功率因数特性进行了仿真和实验研究。对控制绕组在不同磁链给定及负载等变化时的功率因数进行了大量实验,实验结果表明,调节磁链给定值既能调节功率因数的大小也能调节其无功功率性质。
5、对无刷双馈电机在双馈运行状态下的启动特性进行了探索性研究。对于异步启动、然后牵入双馈运行以及双馈启动两种启动方法,研究了控制绕组磁链给定对上述两种启动方法的影响。仿真和实验表明,不同控制绕组磁链给定对两种启动过程都有影响,而且在同一实验条件下,不同时刻从异步牵入双馈的暂态过程不一样。
Brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) is a new kind of special machine which can operate on asynchronous and synchronous state. The different operating mode of BDFM can be modified by adjusting the frequency, amplitude value of the voltage in the stator control winding. BDFM can operate on brushless doubly-fed operation state, which improve the reliability of system. It can be used in AC adjustable-speed drive systems as a motor or be used in adjustable speed constant frequency system as a generator. The BDFM system has the characteristics of less capacity inverter, separately adjustable active power and reactive power, as well as power factor, so it will widely used in high-capacity variable frequency adjustable speed drives systems and adjustable speed constant frequency generator systems. In this paper, flux observer, torque observer, power factor, steady-state characteristics, transient characteristics were studied. Main research work is as follows:
1.Flux observer is the key of direct torque control system of BDFM. It directly affect the success or failure of control strategy.,Based on studying the feedback and compensation of high-pass filter the u-i model, This paper proposed a feedback compensator is different from the high-pass cutoff frequency part of the flux observer method.The method solved the problem that the u-i model flux observer was inaccurate at low frequencies more effective, experimental results showed that the method achieved good control effect.
2.Torque observer is also the key to the direct torque control system, as opposed to the current literature, the observation approach was built in the dqo rotor speed coordinate system. This paper propose a torque observer approach in theα,βstationary coordinate system. the method avoided the rotating coordinate transformation, effectively reduced the computational procedures, improved the control precision. Experimental results showed that the super-synchronous and sub-synchronous operating state have achieved good control effect.
3.In the inheritance of this group on the basis of realized based on direct torque control of brushless doubly-fed motor speed control. Experimental results show that speed range expansion, increased power of resistance and maintained the advantage that quick dynamic response of direct torque control,compared to the open-loop control system.
4.Based on the realization of BDFM direct torque control of brushless doubly-fed motor. Study the power factor under different running characteristics of the simulation and experiment. On the control winding flux given in different and load such changes, a large number of experiments for the power factor showed that the value of flux given could regulate the size of power factor also regulate the nature of reactive power.
5.An exploratory study was launched on the BDFM of start characteristics. For asynchronous start and then pull into doubly-fed operation and the method of doubly-fed variable frequency starting. Focusing on the impact that different control winding flux controlled the motor pulling into double-fed process and the starting process of double-fed variable frequency. Simulation and experiments showed that different control winding flux given had the different impact on the two starting methods, but at the same experimental conditions, the transient process was different that pulled in the double-fed from asynchronous at different times.
引文
[1]吴运东.世界并网型风力发电机技术发展趋势[J].风力发电,2001(2),1-4.
[2]彼得·奥斯瓦尔多.发电量比功率更重要[J].风力发电,2002 (3),9-11.
[3]马洪飞.几种变速恒频风力发电机系统控制方案的对比分析[J].电工技术杂志,2000(10),1-4.
[4]陆虎瑜.变速运行全功率因数风力发电机[J].风力发电, 1998(2),35-37.
[5]张彦锋,潘再平,章玮等.无刷双馈电机的研究及应用前景[J].机电工程.1998.15(6):55~60.
[6]吴金城译.发展中的变速风力发电机[J].风力发电,1998(3),32-34.
[7] S.Muller,Doubly Fed Induction Generator System[J].IEEE Industry Applications Magazine,2002,8(3):26-33.
[8] Rene Spee,Adaptive Control Strategies for Variable-Speed Doubly-Fed Power Generation system[C],IAS Annual Meeting,1994,1:545-552.
[9] S. Bhowmik,Wind Speed Estimation Based Variable Speed Wind Power eneration [C].IECON Proceedings,1998,2:596-601.
[10] S.Bhowmik,Performance Optimization for DF Wind Power Generation System[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1999,35(4), 949-958.
[11] S.Muller,Adjustable Speed Generators for Wind Turbines Based on Doubly Fed Induction Machine[C].IAS Annual Meeting,2000,4:2249-2254.
[12] L.J. Hunt. The Cascade Induction Motor[J].IEE,1914,52:406-426.
[13] F. Greedy. Some Development in Multi-speed Cascade Induction Motors[J].IEE, 912,59:511-532.
[14] Broadway.A.R.W..Brushless Stator-controlled Synchronous-induction Machine [J]. ProcJEEE,1973,120(8):860-866.
[15] Broadway. A.R.W.,G. Thomas. Brushless Cascade Alternator [J]. Proc. IEE,1974, 121(12):1529-1535.
[16] Broadway. A.R.W., Burbridge.L. Self-cascaded Machine:a Low-speed Motor or High-freqenccy Brushless Alternator[J]. Proc.IEE,1970,117(7):1277-1290.
[17] Broadway.A.R.W..Cageless Induction Machine [J].Proc.IEE,1971,118(1):1593 -1600.
[18] D. Zhou. Field Oriented Control Development for Brushless Doubly-fed Machines [C]. IAS'96,Conf. Record of the 1996 IEEE IAS,1996:304-310.
[19] Zhou, Dongsheng, Spee, Rene; Alexander, Gerald C.Experimental evaluation of a rotor flux oriented control algorithm for brushless doubly-fed machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.1997.12(1):72-78.
[20] Poza, J., Oyarbide, E., Roye, D.New vector control algorithm for brushless doubly-fed machines, IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference),v2,2002,p1138-1143.
[21] William R. Brassfield, Rene Spee, Thomas G. Habetler. Direct Torque Control for Brushless Doubly-fed Machines [J].IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, 1996,32(5):1098-1104.
[22] Yu, Jian Jovanovic, Milutin G.; Levi, Emil.Simulation of Direct Torque Control of Brushiess Doubly Fed Reluctance Machines. Proceedings of the Universities Power Engineering Conference, v 37, UPEC 2002, 37th International Universities Power Engineering Conference,.2002.699-703.
[23] Yu, Jian , Jovanovic, Milutin . Direct torque control for brushless doubly-fed machines..39th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, UPEC 2004 - Conference Proceedings, v2, 39th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, UPEC 2004.587-590.
[24] Jovanovic, M.G. Yu, J.; Levi, E..Real-time implementation of direct torque control scheme for brushless doubly-fed reluctance motors. IEE Conference Publication, v 2, Second International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, PEMD 2004.752-757.
[25] Jovanovic, Milutin G. Yu, Jian; Levi, Emil.Encoderless direct torque controller for limited speed range applications of brushless doubly fed reluctance motors.IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.2006.42(3):712-722.
[26] Jovanovic, Milutin . Brushless doubly fed reluctance machine . An emerging technoloyg.International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems. 2007.8(1).
[27]章玮,贺益康.无刷双馈电机的电磁设计研究[J].浙江大学学报,2000,34(5):507- 540.
[28]章玮.无刷双馈电机电动机状态下的能量分析[J].电机与控制学报,2000,4(2): 94-97.
[29]杨顺昌.无刷双馈调速电机的数学模型[J].电工技术学报,1996,11(6): 27-31.
[30]杨顺昌.无刷双馈电机的电磁设计特点[J].中国电机工程学报,2001,21(7):107- 110.
[31]麦苗.无刷双馈调速系统控制策略的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[32]王昌盛.无刷双馈电机变频调速系统研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.
[33]项文亮.新型无刷双馈电机及其调速系统研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007.
[34]刘成浩.无刷双馈电机调速系统研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007.
[35]张凤阁.磁场调制式无刷双馈电机研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,1999.
[36]王凤翔,张凤阁,郑钢.笼型转子无刷双馈电机的动态特性仿真[J].电机与控制学报,1998, 2(4):221-224.
[37]张凤阁,王秀平,齐颖.转子极数对无刷双馈电机耦合能力的影响[J].电机与控制学报,2008, 1(12):634-638.
[38]张志刚,王毅,黄守道等.无刷双馈电机在变速恒频风力发电系统中的应用[J].电气传动.2005,35 (4):61-64.
[39]黄守道等.无刷双馈电机转子磁场定向控制策略的研究[J].电工技术学报,2002,17(2): 34-39.
[40]黄守道.无刷双馈电机的控制方法研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.
[41]刘晓鹏.无刷双馈电机变频调速系统的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2005.
[42]周欣欣.无刷双馈电机及异步电动机的直接转矩控制系统转矩脉动最小化[D].太原:太原理工大学,2006.
[43]张洋.无刷双馈电机及其直接转矩控制系统的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2007.
[44]詹哲军.基于直接转矩控制的无刷双馈电机调速系统的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2008.
[45]刘振富.基于DSP的无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制系统研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2009.
[46]王爱龙.无刷双馈电机的数学模型和有限元仿真[D].太原:太原理工大学,2008.
[47]杨向宇,励庆孚.无刷双馈调速电机稳态运行特性分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2000,34(4):14-17.
[48]杨向宇,励庆孚.无刷双馈调速电机的混合坐标数学模型[J].电工技术学报,2001,16(1):16-20.
[49]杨向宇,励庆孚.变频器一无刷双馈电机调速系统的仿真研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(7):95-100.
[50]杨俊华.无刷双馈风力发电系统及其控制研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2006.
[51]杨俊华,吕惠子,吴捷,杨金明.基于波波夫超稳定性的无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(15):107-113.
[52]黄守道,王耀南,黄科元.无刷双馈电机转子磁场定向控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报.2002.17(2):34-38.
[53]黄守道,王耀南,王毅.无刷双馈电机有功和无功功率控制的研究[J].中国电机工程学报.2005.25(4):87-93.
[54]刘晓鹏,张爱玲,樊双英.无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制策略的研究[J].微特电机.2006,34(3):25-27.
[55]周欣欣,张爱玲.无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制转矩脉动最小化[J].电机与控制学报.2006.10(6):571-575.
[56] Brassfield W R, Spee R, Habetler T G.Direct Torque Control for Brushless Doubly-fed Machines. IEEE Trans. Industry Applications.1996.32(5):1098～1104.
[57]李夙.异步电动机直接转矩控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1994.
[58]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统—运动控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社(第三版),2003.
[59] A.K.Wallace. Dynamic Modeling of Brushless Doubly fed Machine[C]. IEEE Indus. Appl. Society Annual Meeting, San Diego, 1989:329-334.
[60] Ruqi Li, A. Wallace, R. Spee. Two-axis Model Development of Cage-rotor Brushless Doubly一fed Machine[J].IEEE Trans. EC. 1991,6(3):453-460.
[61] M.S. Boger,Alan K. Wallace,Rene Spee,Ruqi Li.General Pole Number Model of The Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine[J]. IEEE Trans. On Industry Apllication,1995, 31(5):1022-1028.
[61] D.Zhou,R Spee.Synchronous Frame Model and Decoupled Control Development for Doubly-Fed Machines [C].1994 IEEE Industry Electronics Spec.Conf.1994: 1229-1236.
[62]章玮.无刷双馈电机系统及其控制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学.2001.
[63] Li R, Wallace A K, Spee R. Dynamic Simulation of Brushless Doubly-fed Machines[C]. IEEE Trans. Energy Conversion, 1991,6(3): 445～452.
[64]邓先明,张海忠,拾华杰.笼型转子无刷双馈电机启动特性分析[J].电机与控制学报.2008.12(5):545-549.
[65]邓先明,姜建国,伍小杰,方荣惠.笼型转子无刷双馈电机的无功功率和稳定性[J].电工技术学报.2008.23(1):40-47.
[2]彼得·奥斯瓦尔多.发电量比功率更重要[J].风力发电,2002 (3),9-11.
[3]马洪飞.几种变速恒频风力发电机系统控制方案的对比分析[J].电工技术杂志,2000(10),1-4.
[4]陆虎瑜.变速运行全功率因数风力发电机[J].风力发电, 1998(2),35-37.
[5]张彦锋,潘再平,章玮等.无刷双馈电机的研究及应用前景[J].机电工程.1998.15(6):55~60.
[6]吴金城译.发展中的变速风力发电机[J].风力发电,1998(3),32-34.
[7] S.Muller,Doubly Fed Induction Generator System[J].IEEE Industry Applications Magazine,2002,8(3):26-33.
[8] Rene Spee,Adaptive Control Strategies for Variable-Speed Doubly-Fed Power Generation system[C],IAS Annual Meeting,1994,1:545-552.
[9] S. Bhowmik,Wind Speed Estimation Based Variable Speed Wind Power eneration [C].IECON Proceedings,1998,2:596-601.
[10] S.Bhowmik,Performance Optimization for DF Wind Power Generation System[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1999,35(4), 949-958.
[11] S.Muller,Adjustable Speed Generators for Wind Turbines Based on Doubly Fed Induction Machine[C].IAS Annual Meeting,2000,4:2249-2254.
[12] L.J. Hunt. The Cascade Induction Motor[J].IEE,1914,52:406-426.
[13] F. Greedy. Some Development in Multi-speed Cascade Induction Motors[J].IEE, 912,59:511-532.
[14] Broadway.A.R.W..Brushless Stator-controlled Synchronous-induction Machine [J]. ProcJEEE,1973,120(8):860-866.
[15] Broadway. A.R.W.,G. Thomas. Brushless Cascade Alternator [J]. Proc. IEE,1974, 121(12):1529-1535.
[16] Broadway. A.R.W., Burbridge.L. Self-cascaded Machine:a Low-speed Motor or High-freqenccy Brushless Alternator[J]. Proc.IEE,1970,117(7):1277-1290.
[17] Broadway.A.R.W..Cageless Induction Machine [J].Proc.IEE,1971,118(1):1593 -1600.
[18] D. Zhou. Field Oriented Control Development for Brushless Doubly-fed Machines [C]. IAS'96,Conf. Record of the 1996 IEEE IAS,1996:304-310.
[19] Zhou, Dongsheng, Spee, Rene; Alexander, Gerald C.Experimental evaluation of a rotor flux oriented control algorithm for brushless doubly-fed machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.1997.12(1):72-78.
[20] Poza, J., Oyarbide, E., Roye, D.New vector control algorithm for brushless doubly-fed machines, IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference),v2,2002,p1138-1143.
[21] William R. Brassfield, Rene Spee, Thomas G. Habetler. Direct Torque Control for Brushless Doubly-fed Machines [J].IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, 1996,32(5):1098-1104.
[22] Yu, Jian Jovanovic, Milutin G.; Levi, Emil.Simulation of Direct Torque Control of Brushiess Doubly Fed Reluctance Machines. Proceedings of the Universities Power Engineering Conference, v 37, UPEC 2002, 37th International Universities Power Engineering Conference,.2002.699-703.
[23] Yu, Jian , Jovanovic, Milutin . Direct torque control for brushless doubly-fed machines..39th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, UPEC 2004 - Conference Proceedings, v2, 39th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, UPEC 2004.587-590.
[24] Jovanovic, M.G. Yu, J.; Levi, E..Real-time implementation of direct torque control scheme for brushless doubly-fed reluctance motors. IEE Conference Publication, v 2, Second International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, PEMD 2004.752-757.
[25] Jovanovic, Milutin G. Yu, Jian; Levi, Emil.Encoderless direct torque controller for limited speed range applications of brushless doubly fed reluctance motors.IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.2006.42(3):712-722.
[26] Jovanovic, Milutin . Brushless doubly fed reluctance machine . An emerging technoloyg.International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems. 2007.8(1).
[27]章玮,贺益康.无刷双馈电机的电磁设计研究[J].浙江大学学报,2000,34(5):507- 540.
[28]章玮.无刷双馈电机电动机状态下的能量分析[J].电机与控制学报,2000,4(2): 94-97.
[29]杨顺昌.无刷双馈调速电机的数学模型[J].电工技术学报,1996,11(6): 27-31.
[30]杨顺昌.无刷双馈电机的电磁设计特点[J].中国电机工程学报,2001,21(7):107- 110.
[31]麦苗.无刷双馈调速系统控制策略的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[32]王昌盛.无刷双馈电机变频调速系统研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.
[33]项文亮.新型无刷双馈电机及其调速系统研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007.
[34]刘成浩.无刷双馈电机调速系统研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007.
[35]张凤阁.磁场调制式无刷双馈电机研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,1999.
[36]王凤翔,张凤阁,郑钢.笼型转子无刷双馈电机的动态特性仿真[J].电机与控制学报,1998, 2(4):221-224.
[37]张凤阁,王秀平,齐颖.转子极数对无刷双馈电机耦合能力的影响[J].电机与控制学报,2008, 1(12):634-638.
[38]张志刚,王毅,黄守道等.无刷双馈电机在变速恒频风力发电系统中的应用[J].电气传动.2005,35 (4):61-64.
[39]黄守道等.无刷双馈电机转子磁场定向控制策略的研究[J].电工技术学报,2002,17(2): 34-39.
[40]黄守道.无刷双馈电机的控制方法研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.
[41]刘晓鹏.无刷双馈电机变频调速系统的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2005.
[42]周欣欣.无刷双馈电机及异步电动机的直接转矩控制系统转矩脉动最小化[D].太原:太原理工大学,2006.
[43]张洋.无刷双馈电机及其直接转矩控制系统的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2007.
[44]詹哲军.基于直接转矩控制的无刷双馈电机调速系统的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2008.
[45]刘振富.基于DSP的无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制系统研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2009.
[46]王爱龙.无刷双馈电机的数学模型和有限元仿真[D].太原:太原理工大学,2008.
[47]杨向宇,励庆孚.无刷双馈调速电机稳态运行特性分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2000,34(4):14-17.
[48]杨向宇,励庆孚.无刷双馈调速电机的混合坐标数学模型[J].电工技术学报,2001,16(1):16-20.
[49]杨向宇,励庆孚.变频器一无刷双馈电机调速系统的仿真研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(7):95-100.
[50]杨俊华.无刷双馈风力发电系统及其控制研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2006.
[51]杨俊华,吕惠子,吴捷,杨金明.基于波波夫超稳定性的无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(15):107-113.
[52]黄守道,王耀南,黄科元.无刷双馈电机转子磁场定向控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报.2002.17(2):34-38.
[53]黄守道,王耀南,王毅.无刷双馈电机有功和无功功率控制的研究[J].中国电机工程学报.2005.25(4):87-93.
[54]刘晓鹏,张爱玲,樊双英.无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制策略的研究[J].微特电机.2006,34(3):25-27.
[55]周欣欣,张爱玲.无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制转矩脉动最小化[J].电机与控制学报.2006.10(6):571-575.
[56] Brassfield W R, Spee R, Habetler T G.Direct Torque Control for Brushless Doubly-fed Machines. IEEE Trans. Industry Applications.1996.32(5):1098～1104.
[57]李夙.异步电动机直接转矩控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1994.
[58]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统—运动控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社(第三版),2003.
[59] A.K.Wallace. Dynamic Modeling of Brushless Doubly fed Machine[C]. IEEE Indus. Appl. Society Annual Meeting, San Diego, 1989:329-334.
[60] Ruqi Li, A. Wallace, R. Spee. Two-axis Model Development of Cage-rotor Brushless Doubly一fed Machine[J].IEEE Trans. EC. 1991,6(3):453-460.
[61] M.S. Boger,Alan K. Wallace,Rene Spee,Ruqi Li.General Pole Number Model of The Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine[J]. IEEE Trans. On Industry Apllication,1995, 31(5):1022-1028.
[61] D.Zhou,R Spee.Synchronous Frame Model and Decoupled Control Development for Doubly-Fed Machines [C].1994 IEEE Industry Electronics Spec.Conf.1994: 1229-1236.
[62]章玮.无刷双馈电机系统及其控制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学.2001.
[63] Li R, Wallace A K, Spee R. Dynamic Simulation of Brushless Doubly-fed Machines[C]. IEEE Trans. Energy Conversion, 1991,6(3): 445～452.
[64]邓先明,张海忠,拾华杰.笼型转子无刷双馈电机启动特性分析[J].电机与控制学报.2008.12(5):545-549.
[65]邓先明,姜建国,伍小杰,方荣惠.笼型转子无刷双馈电机的无功功率和稳定性[J].电工技术学报.2008.23(1):40-47.