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混凝技术在包钢总排水处理中的应用研究
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摘要
含有污染物质的工业废水直接排放,一方面污染了接纳水体,同时造成水资源的浪费。为减轻包钢总排污水对黄河水的污染,开发利用废水资源,进一步提高包钢生产用水的循环使用率,建设包钢总排污水处理厂已势在必行。为了给该工程的设计提供可靠工艺流程和技术参数,进行了包钢总排污水处理试验研究工作,本专题属于其子课题之一;试验分为实验室静态试验和现场动态试验两个阶段。
     本文以絮凝动力学为基础,选择总排污水处理试验研究中的混凝处理单元为研究对象,采用化学絮凝法进行了试验研究;系统地分析了废水的污染组分和污染负荷,对影响絮凝处理的各种因素进行了探讨;简述了包钢总排污水治理方案、试验流程及总体效果等内容,着重研究了混凝技术在包钢总排污水处理中的应用。
     通过实验室试验,确定了混凝工艺的混凝剂、絮凝剂种类和加入量,混合和反应时间,以及混凝反应的GT值。通过现场动态试验,验证了静态试验提出的技术参数的可行性,论述了在现场动态试验条件下的混凝效果,分析了不同混凝剂、不同药剂投加量对浊度、COD、SS和油等因子去除率。通过试验为工程设计提供了最佳工艺条件和技术参数。
     试验结果表明,选用PFS作混凝剂,加药量为30mg/l,混合时间2min;选用PAM作絮凝剂,加入量0.2mg/l,絮凝反应时间12min;反应阶段的GT值为24000。在此条件下SS、浊度、COD、油的平均去除率分别为78.92%、91.10%、54.9%、37.3%;可以满足后续过滤处理单元的水质要求。
The immediate discharge of industrial wastewater pollutes the received water body leading to the serious waste of water resources. To lessen the pollution of the Yellow River with industrial waste from Bao Gang & higher the recycling rate of industrial water, it is high time that a plant dealing with industrial wastewater be set up, So a research, to which this thesis belongs, is done to provide accurate process and technical factors. Two steps are included; one is the static experiment in the laboratory, the other the dynamic experiment on the spot.
    The thesis is based on the dynamics of coagulation, with the section of coagulation treatment as the subject, using chemical coagulation method. It systemically analyses the component of wastewater and its pollution index, and discusses the factors, which affect the flocculation. The plan for dealing with wastewater, experimenting process, and general results, especially the application of coagulation treatment is stated in it.
    The type, amounts, blending and reaction time of coagulator and flocculent and the GT number in the coagulation treatment are determined by the experiment in the laboratory, while the experiment on the spot tests the technical factors emerging in the static experiment. At the same time, the effects of coagulation, including the removal rate of turbidity, COD, SS with different coagulator & different dosage amount, are tested. They provide the optimum condition & technical indicators for the building of the plant.
    The result shows that using PFS as the coagulator, 30mg/l of it is needed with the
    
    
    blending time 2 minutes, using PAM as the flocculent, 0.2mg/l of it is needed with the blending time 12 minutes, and the GT member 24000. Under this condition, the average removal rates of SS, turbidity, COD and oil are respectively 78.92%, 91.10%, 54.9% and 37.3%, getting to the standard of filtration section.
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