压缩天然气供气有效半径的研究
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摘要
随着天然气时代的到来,我国压缩天然气(简称CNG)技术已十分成熟和完全国产化。压缩天然气除了用于汽车燃料外,还广泛地用于工业和城镇居民。在压缩天然气的实际供应过程中,存在着一些影响其经济性的问题,如加气站压缩机选型不合理,设备利用率低;运输拖车配备、调度不合理,运输费用高;规模经济半径不确定。这极大地制约了压缩天然气的推广使用。
本论文研究的是:通过对各种供气方式的技术经济分析确定压缩天然气的供气规模;在压缩天然气物流优化的基础上,建立数学模型,确定不同供气规模下压缩天然气的有效半径。主要研究内容有:
1.对管输天然气、液化天然气、压缩天然气、液化石油气混空气供气方式进行技术经济分析,确定压缩天然气用于城镇供气的经济规模;
2.。从实现经济规模参数、单位经济气量的电耗、生产的适应性、投资的经济性几个方面评价方案的优劣,组合优化压缩机选型,确定不同供气规模下压缩机的型号和数量;
3.应用多车型满载车辆的优化调度启发式算法,建立运输拖车优化调度数学模型,优化不同供气规模下拖车的选型;
4.建立有效半径数学模型,确定不同供气规模下的有效半径,为即将使用压缩天然气作为城镇气源和汽车燃料的用户,提供参考。
In the wake of natural gas age advent,The technique of Compress Natural Gas (Abbreviation CNG ) about our country has become fully mature and completely home-made.Compress Natural Gas except for is used the motor vehicle fuel, still widely is used inhabitant in cities and towns. In the actual supply process of Compress Natural Gas, there are some problems effecting the economy of it,for example: the type of compressor in gas entrainment stop is not rightful;The installation utilization ratio is low;The equipment and dispatch of transportation tank wagon is not rightful, and the transportation expense is high;The scale economy radius is not decided. All this greatly conditioned the wide-ranging use of Compress Natural Gas.This dissertation researched is:to decide the scale of Compress Natural Gas supply;By means of analyzing the technique and economy about different supply gas means;Being living to compress the natural gas matter runs on the oil painting base;Establishment mathematical model,Fix to compress the economic radius of natural gas. The main research contents possess :1 .Making a technical and economical analysis between CNG、 LNG 、 LPG 、 LPG with air and pipe nature gas, then to fix the economic scale of CNG to be used to cities and towns is 2000 doors to 50000 doors.2.Evaluation of the schemes' superior and inferior through means of the parameter about achieving economical scale、 the electric consumption about unit economy amount of gas、 the adaptiveness about working、 economy about investment, then to decide the scale and amount of compressor under the different supply gas scale.3. Establishing mathematical model about van truck' optimization and dispatch with heuristic algorithm of various model and full load vehicle, and optimizing the truck type using to different supply gas scale.
4.Establishing mathematical modelabout effective radius, then to decide the effective radius of different supply gas scales. All of this in order to supply reference for the consumers who use nature gas as gas source and fuel gas of motor vehicle.
本论文研究的是:通过对各种供气方式的技术经济分析确定压缩天然气的供气规模;在压缩天然气物流优化的基础上,建立数学模型,确定不同供气规模下压缩天然气的有效半径。主要研究内容有:
1.对管输天然气、液化天然气、压缩天然气、液化石油气混空气供气方式进行技术经济分析,确定压缩天然气用于城镇供气的经济规模;
2.。从实现经济规模参数、单位经济气量的电耗、生产的适应性、投资的经济性几个方面评价方案的优劣,组合优化压缩机选型,确定不同供气规模下压缩机的型号和数量;
3.应用多车型满载车辆的优化调度启发式算法,建立运输拖车优化调度数学模型,优化不同供气规模下拖车的选型;
4.建立有效半径数学模型,确定不同供气规模下的有效半径,为即将使用压缩天然气作为城镇气源和汽车燃料的用户,提供参考。
In the wake of natural gas age advent,The technique of Compress Natural Gas (Abbreviation CNG ) about our country has become fully mature and completely home-made.Compress Natural Gas except for is used the motor vehicle fuel, still widely is used inhabitant in cities and towns. In the actual supply process of Compress Natural Gas, there are some problems effecting the economy of it,for example: the type of compressor in gas entrainment stop is not rightful;The installation utilization ratio is low;The equipment and dispatch of transportation tank wagon is not rightful, and the transportation expense is high;The scale economy radius is not decided. All this greatly conditioned the wide-ranging use of Compress Natural Gas.This dissertation researched is:to decide the scale of Compress Natural Gas supply;By means of analyzing the technique and economy about different supply gas means;Being living to compress the natural gas matter runs on the oil painting base;Establishment mathematical model,Fix to compress the economic radius of natural gas. The main research contents possess :1 .Making a technical and economical analysis between CNG、 LNG 、 LPG 、 LPG with air and pipe nature gas, then to fix the economic scale of CNG to be used to cities and towns is 2000 doors to 50000 doors.2.Evaluation of the schemes' superior and inferior through means of the parameter about achieving economical scale、 the electric consumption about unit economy amount of gas、 the adaptiveness about working、 economy about investment, then to decide the scale and amount of compressor under the different supply gas scale.3. Establishing mathematical model about van truck' optimization and dispatch with heuristic algorithm of various model and full load vehicle, and optimizing the truck type using to different supply gas scale.
4.Establishing mathematical modelabout effective radius, then to decide the effective radius of different supply gas scales. All of this in order to supply reference for the consumers who use nature gas as gas source and fuel gas of motor vehicle.
引文
[1] 中国能源消费与节能。中国能源网
[2] 李猷嘉。液化天然气及其应用。城市煤气,2003,(4):14-20
[3].上海市石油协会编,车用燃气加气站建设。北京:中国石化出版社,2001:79-132
[4].徐文渊、蒋长安。天然气利用手册。北京:中国石化出版社,2001:4-32
[5].宋武成。天然气与中国能源。中国能源网
[6].黄毅诚。21世纪我国能源战略。中国新能源
[7].孙国华,弈振华。世界天然气发展前景与探讨。城市燃气,2002(4)
[8].孙晓辉。对LNG气化站和CNG气化站作为小城镇居民过度气源的看法。燃气设备网,专业论文
[9].徐正康,吴洪松。液化天然气在燃气工业中的应用。煤气与热力,1998,(5),27-29
[10].江金华,金颖,冯春强.液化天然气在城市燃气的应用。煤气与热力,2003,(1):53-54
[11].王莉。浅谈我国CNG加气站和CNG汽车的发展。石油规划设计,第14卷第5期:4-5
[12].周新文,朱万美。小城镇燃气发展途径的探讨。煤气与热力,2003(2),107-110
[13].宋晓琴。国内外压缩天然气加气站的发展趋势。油气储运,第22卷第8期:1-3
[14].陈绍刚,赵蜀蓉。车用压缩天然气价格体系的构建研究。天然气工业,2003(1),108,110
[15].刘燕,马一太,唐曾乐,刘万波。中小城镇燃气供应方式的探讨。煤气与热力,2004(6),299-303
[16].季欣楠,松枚,张人杰。压缩天然气供气在中小城镇的应用。燃气设备网,专业论文
[17].王智强。城市压缩天然气供气的可行性分析。燃气设备网,专业 论文。
[18].周伟国,刘步若。CNG和LNG作为城市气源的优越性。城市公用事业,2002(4),32-34
[19].白英鸽,吕尚锋。CNG技术应用于城镇燃气供气的探讨。河南科技,2003(10),26-28
[20].王协琴。对压缩天然气加气站内加压气储存的几点看法。天然气汽车信息,1997(6):29-33
[21].王学,刘丽梅。液化天然气城市供气站设计。燃气设备网,专业论文
[22].郑海燕,付吉国,扬俊杰。压缩天然气技术在城镇供气的应用。煤气与热力,2003,(2):92-94
[23].杨俊杰,陈志斌。城镇CNG与LNG供气方案的经济分析。煤气与热力,2003,(1):28-29
[24].玉建军,陈杰,唐志祥。瓶装压缩天气输配工艺研究。城市煤气,2001,(1):9-11
[25].申粤,乔衍,徐正康。压缩天然气供应工艺及规模的探讨。煤气与热力,2001,(2),159-162
[26].World LNG Outlook(1999Edition).CEDIGAZ,June 1999
[27]. Dunlop, John P.;White, Charles N. CNG Transport Technology is Delivering on Promises. Proceedings-SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2003, p 1755-1761
[28]. Thomas, Victoria. CNG's competitive advantage. Petroleum Economist, v 70, n 3, March, 2003, p 27
[29]. Anon .CNG-Heavy trucks lead the way. Energy World, n 306, February, 2003, p 18
[30].徐明远。CNG供应若干问题的探讨。煤气与热力,2004(6),385-387
[31].刘永志,李富国。车用CNG加气站压缩机组合优化探讨。重庆建筑大学学报,1999,(21):95-99
[32].纪寿文,缪立新,李克强等。货运车辆优化调度方法,清洁汽车网
[33].李军。物流配送车辆优化调度理论与方法。北京:中国物流出版社,2001:172-180
[34].玉建军,唐志祥,陈杰。瓶装压缩天气输配工艺研究之二。城市煤气,2001(8),14-16
[35].石油及石油化工建设工程技术经济水平调查与研究,第三册,气田地面工程。中国天然气气团公司规划计划部、规划设计总院,1999,5-1,5-15
[36].石油及石油化工建设工程技术经济水平调查与研究,第一册,油气田地面工程主要指标。中国天然气气团公司规划计划部、规划设计总院,1999:8
[2] 李猷嘉。液化天然气及其应用。城市煤气,2003,(4):14-20
[3].上海市石油协会编,车用燃气加气站建设。北京:中国石化出版社,2001:79-132
[4].徐文渊、蒋长安。天然气利用手册。北京:中国石化出版社,2001:4-32
[5].宋武成。天然气与中国能源。中国能源网
[6].黄毅诚。21世纪我国能源战略。中国新能源
[7].孙国华,弈振华。世界天然气发展前景与探讨。城市燃气,2002(4)
[8].孙晓辉。对LNG气化站和CNG气化站作为小城镇居民过度气源的看法。燃气设备网,专业论文
[9].徐正康,吴洪松。液化天然气在燃气工业中的应用。煤气与热力,1998,(5),27-29
[10].江金华,金颖,冯春强.液化天然气在城市燃气的应用。煤气与热力,2003,(1):53-54
[11].王莉。浅谈我国CNG加气站和CNG汽车的发展。石油规划设计,第14卷第5期:4-5
[12].周新文,朱万美。小城镇燃气发展途径的探讨。煤气与热力,2003(2),107-110
[13].宋晓琴。国内外压缩天然气加气站的发展趋势。油气储运,第22卷第8期:1-3
[14].陈绍刚,赵蜀蓉。车用压缩天然气价格体系的构建研究。天然气工业,2003(1),108,110
[15].刘燕,马一太,唐曾乐,刘万波。中小城镇燃气供应方式的探讨。煤气与热力,2004(6),299-303
[16].季欣楠,松枚,张人杰。压缩天然气供气在中小城镇的应用。燃气设备网,专业论文
[17].王智强。城市压缩天然气供气的可行性分析。燃气设备网,专业 论文。
[18].周伟国,刘步若。CNG和LNG作为城市气源的优越性。城市公用事业,2002(4),32-34
[19].白英鸽,吕尚锋。CNG技术应用于城镇燃气供气的探讨。河南科技,2003(10),26-28
[20].王协琴。对压缩天然气加气站内加压气储存的几点看法。天然气汽车信息,1997(6):29-33
[21].王学,刘丽梅。液化天然气城市供气站设计。燃气设备网,专业论文
[22].郑海燕,付吉国,扬俊杰。压缩天然气技术在城镇供气的应用。煤气与热力,2003,(2):92-94
[23].杨俊杰,陈志斌。城镇CNG与LNG供气方案的经济分析。煤气与热力,2003,(1):28-29
[24].玉建军,陈杰,唐志祥。瓶装压缩天气输配工艺研究。城市煤气,2001,(1):9-11
[25].申粤,乔衍,徐正康。压缩天然气供应工艺及规模的探讨。煤气与热力,2001,(2),159-162
[26].World LNG Outlook(1999Edition).CEDIGAZ,June 1999
[27]. Dunlop, John P.;White, Charles N. CNG Transport Technology is Delivering on Promises. Proceedings-SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2003, p 1755-1761
[28]. Thomas, Victoria. CNG's competitive advantage. Petroleum Economist, v 70, n 3, March, 2003, p 27
[29]. Anon .CNG-Heavy trucks lead the way. Energy World, n 306, February, 2003, p 18
[30].徐明远。CNG供应若干问题的探讨。煤气与热力,2004(6),385-387
[31].刘永志,李富国。车用CNG加气站压缩机组合优化探讨。重庆建筑大学学报,1999,(21):95-99
[32].纪寿文,缪立新,李克强等。货运车辆优化调度方法,清洁汽车网
[33].李军。物流配送车辆优化调度理论与方法。北京:中国物流出版社,2001:172-180
[34].玉建军,唐志祥,陈杰。瓶装压缩天气输配工艺研究之二。城市煤气,2001(8),14-16
[35].石油及石油化工建设工程技术经济水平调查与研究,第三册,气田地面工程。中国天然气气团公司规划计划部、规划设计总院,1999,5-1,5-15
[36].石油及石油化工建设工程技术经济水平调查与研究,第一册,油气田地面工程主要指标。中国天然气气团公司规划计划部、规划设计总院,1999:8