高等教育信息化的理论研究与实证分析
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摘要
高等教育信息化是一项复杂的系统工程，必须从宏观上、整体上把握和研究，才能更好地认识高等教育信息化的深刻内涵，分析高等教育信息化建设的成本与收益，制定教育信息化建设投资的决策程序，指导高等教育信息化实践，提高高等教育信息化建设的效益。本文综合国内外高等教育信息化相关研究成果，以管理学、公共经济学、信息学和模糊数学等学科为理论基础，系统分析了高等教育信息化的全过程，初步构建了高等教育信息化的理论与政策框架，着重从投资决策、管理决策和评估指标体系三个方面，论述高等教育信息化的内在机理与实践运作。
全文研究从以下几个方面展开：
(1)高等教育信息化的基本理论。界定教育信息化的概念，探讨高等教育信息化的内容、特征、任务和途径，从建构主义、信息悖论、福利经济学等角度探讨高等教育信息化的相关理论，剖析文化传统和教育传统对高等教育信息化的影响。
(2)高等教育信息化比较研究。比较研究发达国家和地区高等教育信息化发展历程，汲取经验和教训，为我国高等教育信息化发展提供决策参考。
(3)高等教育信息化建设的投资决策分析。分析作为政府公共支出组成部分的高等教育信息化建设的特殊性，重点研究高等教育信息化投资的“成本—收益”；运用DEA模型对高校计算机网建设投入产出的有效性进行分析；运用博弈论对高等教育信息化的资源使用和共享问题进行博弈分析。
(4)高等教育信息化的管理。运用经济学原理对政府在高等教育信息化中的作用进行探讨，认为政府的职责范围是统筹规划、组织管理和体制改革等，资源共享、信息素养和管理水平等是制约我国高等教育信息化发展的“瓶颈”。
(5)高等学校数字化校园理论与实证分析。运用现代信息技术、高等教育和经济管理理论等，研究数字化校园的内容与特征、构建数字化校园的
武汉理工大学博士学位论文
完整体系;通过对河南省数字化校园示范工程比较分析，探讨存在的问题及
发展方向。
(6)高等教育信息化评价。评析国外信息化指标体系和评价模型，结合
高等教育信息化的特点研究高等教育信息化指标体系，建立模糊综合评价模
型;通过对河南省高等教育信息化实际评估资料，运用模型运算，得出一些
有益的结论。
本文研究结论:我国高等教育信息化处于初始阶段，与发达国家和地区
相比存在明显差距。主要问题是组织管理体制不畅，缺乏多元化有效投入机
制，高等教育信息资源没有合理配置，共享效益低，管理者、教师和学生的
信息素养不高，安全意识差，管理水平低。为此，必须借鉴国外高等教育信
息化发展的经验，对高等教育信息化管理体制进行改革，建立政府、企业和
个人等多元化的投资机制，投资建设应该进行成本和效益核算，并考虑建设
投资的多种因素;高等教育信息化的建设与发展离不开政府的强有力的财政
支持，政府在这方面负有不可推卸的责任;对高等教育信息化的评价应重视
评价指标体系的研究，运用调查统计积累资料，采取定量定性相结合的方法，
研究高等教育信息化发展规律。
The process of the higher educational informatization is a complicated and systematic project, so we should grasp and study it macroscopically and wholly in order to understand it correctly and deeply. And then we can analyze the cost and profit of construction of the higher educational informatization, make the decision procedures of educational informatization investment and guide the practice of the higher educational informatization. And this essay, based on the theory of management, the public economic, informatics and obscure maths, synthesizes the relating study results of higher educational informatization home and abroad, analyzes the whole process of higher educational informatization. it basically composes the theories and policy frames of higher educational informatization. It focuses on the inner rule and the operation practice of higher educational informatization from three aspects such as investment decision-making, management decision-making and index system of evaluation.
The main contents of the essay are as follows:
(1) Basic theory of the educational informatization: it defines the concept of educational informatization, analyzes the main contents, characteristics and its tasks and ways of study. It studies the relating theories of the higher educational informatization from the points of constructivism, informational paradox and welfare economics. As well as the influence of the cultural tradition and educational tradition on higher educational informatization.
(2) Comparative study on the higher education, it comparatively studies the developmental process of higher educational informatization in developed countries and regions and gets experience and lessons to provide decision references for the higher educational informatization in our countries.
(3) Analyses on the investment of the higher educational informatization construction. It studies the specialty of the higher educational informatization as part of governmental public costs, and focuses on the "cost-profit" of the higher education informatization. It uses DBA model to analyze the effectiveness of the investment output of the computer nets construction in universities and colleges, it uses chess theory to analyze the problems of the use and share of resources in the higher educational informatization.
(4) The management of higher educational informatization. It uses economic principles to analyze the governmental functions of the higher educational informatization. It concludes that governmental functions are comprehensive planning, organizational management and systematical reform. Resources share, information quality and management level are the bottle-necks of the higher educational informatization in our countries.
(5) The digital campus theory in colleges and empirical analyses. It uses modern informational technology, higher education and economic management theories to analyze the contents and specialties of digital campus, the construction of comprehensive system in digital campus, it uses the comparative analysis on
the digital campus model project in Henan province to analyze the existing problems and the development direction.
(6) The evaluation of the higher educational informatization. By analyzing and evaluating foreign objective system and evaluative pattern in information, it researches on the objective system of the higher educational informatization according to its characteristics and constructs the comprehensive vague evaluation system. It applies the calculation pattern and draws some beneficial conclusions through the evaluation of the empirical resources of the higher educational informatization.
Conclusion: the higher educational informatization. In china is in the initial stage, having striking gap comparing with the developed countries and regions. The main problems is in the unsmoothness of the organizing and managing system, the lack of various effective investment, unreasonable arrangement of higher educational informatization Source, inefficiency of the share of profit,
全文研究从以下几个方面展开：
(1)高等教育信息化的基本理论。界定教育信息化的概念，探讨高等教育信息化的内容、特征、任务和途径，从建构主义、信息悖论、福利经济学等角度探讨高等教育信息化的相关理论，剖析文化传统和教育传统对高等教育信息化的影响。
(2)高等教育信息化比较研究。比较研究发达国家和地区高等教育信息化发展历程，汲取经验和教训，为我国高等教育信息化发展提供决策参考。
(3)高等教育信息化建设的投资决策分析。分析作为政府公共支出组成部分的高等教育信息化建设的特殊性，重点研究高等教育信息化投资的“成本—收益”；运用DEA模型对高校计算机网建设投入产出的有效性进行分析；运用博弈论对高等教育信息化的资源使用和共享问题进行博弈分析。
(4)高等教育信息化的管理。运用经济学原理对政府在高等教育信息化中的作用进行探讨，认为政府的职责范围是统筹规划、组织管理和体制改革等，资源共享、信息素养和管理水平等是制约我国高等教育信息化发展的“瓶颈”。
(5)高等学校数字化校园理论与实证分析。运用现代信息技术、高等教育和经济管理理论等，研究数字化校园的内容与特征、构建数字化校园的
武汉理工大学博士学位论文
完整体系;通过对河南省数字化校园示范工程比较分析，探讨存在的问题及
发展方向。
(6)高等教育信息化评价。评析国外信息化指标体系和评价模型，结合
高等教育信息化的特点研究高等教育信息化指标体系，建立模糊综合评价模
型;通过对河南省高等教育信息化实际评估资料，运用模型运算，得出一些
有益的结论。
本文研究结论:我国高等教育信息化处于初始阶段，与发达国家和地区
相比存在明显差距。主要问题是组织管理体制不畅，缺乏多元化有效投入机
制，高等教育信息资源没有合理配置，共享效益低，管理者、教师和学生的
信息素养不高，安全意识差，管理水平低。为此，必须借鉴国外高等教育信
息化发展的经验，对高等教育信息化管理体制进行改革，建立政府、企业和
个人等多元化的投资机制，投资建设应该进行成本和效益核算，并考虑建设
投资的多种因素;高等教育信息化的建设与发展离不开政府的强有力的财政
支持，政府在这方面负有不可推卸的责任;对高等教育信息化的评价应重视
评价指标体系的研究，运用调查统计积累资料，采取定量定性相结合的方法，
研究高等教育信息化发展规律。
The process of the higher educational informatization is a complicated and systematic project, so we should grasp and study it macroscopically and wholly in order to understand it correctly and deeply. And then we can analyze the cost and profit of construction of the higher educational informatization, make the decision procedures of educational informatization investment and guide the practice of the higher educational informatization. And this essay, based on the theory of management, the public economic, informatics and obscure maths, synthesizes the relating study results of higher educational informatization home and abroad, analyzes the whole process of higher educational informatization. it basically composes the theories and policy frames of higher educational informatization. It focuses on the inner rule and the operation practice of higher educational informatization from three aspects such as investment decision-making, management decision-making and index system of evaluation.
The main contents of the essay are as follows:
(1) Basic theory of the educational informatization: it defines the concept of educational informatization, analyzes the main contents, characteristics and its tasks and ways of study. It studies the relating theories of the higher educational informatization from the points of constructivism, informational paradox and welfare economics. As well as the influence of the cultural tradition and educational tradition on higher educational informatization.
(2) Comparative study on the higher education, it comparatively studies the developmental process of higher educational informatization in developed countries and regions and gets experience and lessons to provide decision references for the higher educational informatization in our countries.
(3) Analyses on the investment of the higher educational informatization construction. It studies the specialty of the higher educational informatization as part of governmental public costs, and focuses on the "cost-profit" of the higher education informatization. It uses DBA model to analyze the effectiveness of the investment output of the computer nets construction in universities and colleges, it uses chess theory to analyze the problems of the use and share of resources in the higher educational informatization.
(4) The management of higher educational informatization. It uses economic principles to analyze the governmental functions of the higher educational informatization. It concludes that governmental functions are comprehensive planning, organizational management and systematical reform. Resources share, information quality and management level are the bottle-necks of the higher educational informatization in our countries.
(5) The digital campus theory in colleges and empirical analyses. It uses modern informational technology, higher education and economic management theories to analyze the contents and specialties of digital campus, the construction of comprehensive system in digital campus, it uses the comparative analysis on
the digital campus model project in Henan province to analyze the existing problems and the development direction.
(6) The evaluation of the higher educational informatization. By analyzing and evaluating foreign objective system and evaluative pattern in information, it researches on the objective system of the higher educational informatization according to its characteristics and constructs the comprehensive vague evaluation system. It applies the calculation pattern and draws some beneficial conclusions through the evaluation of the empirical resources of the higher educational informatization.
Conclusion: the higher educational informatization. In china is in the initial stage, having striking gap comparing with the developed countries and regions. The main problems is in the unsmoothness of the organizing and managing system, the lack of various effective investment, unreasonable arrangement of higher educational informatization Source, inefficiency of the share of profit,
引文
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