城市综合智能公交动态管理系统研究
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摘要
交通运输是国民经济发展的基础,它对社会生产、流通、分配、消费各个环节正常运转和协调发展具有十分重要的作用。随着人口和车辆的增多,道路拥挤阻塞和交通事故频繁发生,正越来越严重地困扰着各大城市。而如果把城市比作人体,那么,城市智能公共交通系统就是人的血液流动系统,一个完善的智能公共交通系统能对城市交通产生积极的影响。针对目前传统的武汉市公交系统不能保障城市公共交通顺畅运行的问题,研究设计了一个城市综合智能公交动态管理系统,主要解决武汉市智能公交系统相关问题。
针对国内外城市交通系统案例和现在城市交通亟需解决的问题,结合武汉市交通“十一五”发展规划,研究设计的城市综合智能公交动态管理系统采用车载动态数据采集系统和全球定位系统(GPS)等进行数据采集和传输,结合公交出行信息数据库,以地理信息系统(GIS)为操作平台,以各种无线和有线网络通信为纽带的数据传输和存储技术,实现公交车辆的智能监控和调度。同时给出了该系统公交车辆终端车载机的技术方案,并设计了车载端到中心的数据交互协议,最后通过软件实验实现其过程。
城市综合智能公交动态管理系统是一个复杂的计算机系统。针对系统可能存在的安全问题和安全风险,提出了一种安全方案,从微观到宏观实现层次化安全管理:在微观层面上集成安全产品实现特定安全功能;中观层面上对系统划分安全域,确保最大发挥安全产品和安全服务的效率;最后在宏观层面上设置安全营运中心对安全事件进行汇总、过滤、收集和关联分析,并形成统一的安全决策对安全事件进行响应和处理。为系统高效,稳定,安全的运行提供了强有力的保障。
总而言之,该系统能有效解决城市目前面临的交通问题,为建立城市大规模的综合智能交通系统提供了有力支撑和向导。
Transport is the foundation for national economic development,and it plays an important role to society production,circulation,distribution,consumption and the coordinated development of normal operation. With the increase in population and traffic,road congestion and traffic accident took place in major cities are increasingly serious troubles. If we take over the city for the human body,then the city public transportation system is the smart person's blood circulation system. One sophisticated intelligent public transportation systems can have a positive impact on urban traffic. Wuhan traditional view of the current transit system can not guarantee the smooth operation of urban public traffic. A dynamic management of the city's integrated intelligent bus system is put forward in this paper to solve the issues related to intelligent bus transportation system of Wuhan.
To illustrate the cases of urban transportation system at home and abroad and present a solution to urban traffic problems with Wuhan traffic "11th Five-Year" development plan,the system which is offered in this paper uses vehicle dynamic data acquisition System and the Global Positioning System(GPS) for data collection and transmission. Many technology that Bus trip database integration,geographic information system (GIS) platform for all kinds of wireless and wireline communications network to carry out data transmission and storage technology are used to realize the intelligent monitoring and control with bus. Eventually,the concrete realization of a specific machine is given to achieve bus terminal vehicle program. And the data transition protocol is designed to realize information transition between bus terminal and system center. Finally experiment simulates the process by software.
Dynamic management of the city's integrated intelligent bus system is a complex computer system. To deal with security issues and security risks that might exist,this paper presents a safety program from micro to macro level to achieve safety management: At microeconomic level,achieving specific security functions integrated security products; At mid-level security domain division to ensure that maximize the efficiency of security products and security services; Finally safety operations center set up at the macro level,filter collection and correlation analysis to form a unified safety and security incident response and handling. System for efficient,stable and safe operation provides a strong guarantee.
In short,the system paper presented could effectively solve the urban traffic problems and provide a powerful support for the Intelligent Transportation System To complete the establishment of large cities.
针对国内外城市交通系统案例和现在城市交通亟需解决的问题,结合武汉市交通“十一五”发展规划,研究设计的城市综合智能公交动态管理系统采用车载动态数据采集系统和全球定位系统(GPS)等进行数据采集和传输,结合公交出行信息数据库,以地理信息系统(GIS)为操作平台,以各种无线和有线网络通信为纽带的数据传输和存储技术,实现公交车辆的智能监控和调度。同时给出了该系统公交车辆终端车载机的技术方案,并设计了车载端到中心的数据交互协议,最后通过软件实验实现其过程。
城市综合智能公交动态管理系统是一个复杂的计算机系统。针对系统可能存在的安全问题和安全风险,提出了一种安全方案,从微观到宏观实现层次化安全管理:在微观层面上集成安全产品实现特定安全功能;中观层面上对系统划分安全域,确保最大发挥安全产品和安全服务的效率;最后在宏观层面上设置安全营运中心对安全事件进行汇总、过滤、收集和关联分析,并形成统一的安全决策对安全事件进行响应和处理。为系统高效,稳定,安全的运行提供了强有力的保障。
总而言之,该系统能有效解决城市目前面临的交通问题,为建立城市大规模的综合智能交通系统提供了有力支撑和向导。
Transport is the foundation for national economic development,and it plays an important role to society production,circulation,distribution,consumption and the coordinated development of normal operation. With the increase in population and traffic,road congestion and traffic accident took place in major cities are increasingly serious troubles. If we take over the city for the human body,then the city public transportation system is the smart person's blood circulation system. One sophisticated intelligent public transportation systems can have a positive impact on urban traffic. Wuhan traditional view of the current transit system can not guarantee the smooth operation of urban public traffic. A dynamic management of the city's integrated intelligent bus system is put forward in this paper to solve the issues related to intelligent bus transportation system of Wuhan.
To illustrate the cases of urban transportation system at home and abroad and present a solution to urban traffic problems with Wuhan traffic "11th Five-Year" development plan,the system which is offered in this paper uses vehicle dynamic data acquisition System and the Global Positioning System(GPS) for data collection and transmission. Many technology that Bus trip database integration,geographic information system (GIS) platform for all kinds of wireless and wireline communications network to carry out data transmission and storage technology are used to realize the intelligent monitoring and control with bus. Eventually,the concrete realization of a specific machine is given to achieve bus terminal vehicle program. And the data transition protocol is designed to realize information transition between bus terminal and system center. Finally experiment simulates the process by software.
Dynamic management of the city's integrated intelligent bus system is a complex computer system. To deal with security issues and security risks that might exist,this paper presents a safety program from micro to macro level to achieve safety management: At microeconomic level,achieving specific security functions integrated security products; At mid-level security domain division to ensure that maximize the efficiency of security products and security services; Finally safety operations center set up at the macro level,filter collection and correlation analysis to form a unified safety and security incident response and handling. System for efficient,stable and safe operation provides a strong guarantee.
In short,the system paper presented could effectively solve the urban traffic problems and provide a powerful support for the Intelligent Transportation System To complete the establishment of large cities.
引文
[1]武汉市交通委员会.武汉交通发展“十一五”规划.国家发展规划,2006,08(1):51~182
[2]梁栋柯,范凌云,郑皓.智能交通系统初探.公路交通技术,2004, 1(06):104~112
[3]刘丽英,潘景山,史永.智能交通系统的发展状况研究.信息技术与信息化,2005,9(06):17~18
[4] Montreal. Report of the proceedings of congress road safety. PIARC, 1995,136(01): 5~23
[5] S. Sengupta.World Road Statistics. IRF, 1996, 21(01): 11~20
[6] DOT Plan 2000[R]. Department of Transportation. Transportation Systems, 1999,75(02): 21~77
[7] James G. Strathman, Thomas J Kimpel, Kenneth J Dueker, et al. Data applications of Tri-Met’s automated Bus Dispatching System. Evaluation of transit operations, 2002, 34(03): 25~42
[8]李林波,陈川,施澄.国内外城市公共交通发展之比较研究.上海工程技术大学学报,2006,18(03):259~264
[9] Duhamel, Christophe, Potvin. Tabu search heuristic for the vehicle routing problem with backhauls and time windows. Transportation Science, 1997, 31(1): 49~59
[10] Federgruen A, Van Ryzan. Probablistic Analysis of a Combined Aggregation and Programming Heuristic for a General Class of Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problems. Management Science, 1997, 43(8): 1060~1078
[11]周应军.智能交通系统ITS概述.汽车与配件,2003,37(10):26~28
[12] B. Crane. National ITS Architecture Documentation(Version 5.0). Transportation Science, 2003, 22(10): 25~36
[13] Kim, Hyung Jin. Trip-chaining Behavior and Spatial Interaction Models. Transportation, 1994, 23(02):135
[14] R. Rabbat. Metropolitan Transportation Management Center-a Case Study of Houston Transtar. Department of Transportation, 1999,02(10): 2~11
[15]周剑峰,杨兆升.GIS在城市交通共用信息平台中的应用.吉林大学学报,2005,21(02):183~186
[16]朱茵,王军利,陆化普.数据库技术在城市交通信息服务系统的应用.系统工程理论与实践,2005,12(12):132~137
[17]闫凤良,董宝田.综合交通信息系统信息平台的构建.交通科技与经济,2006,13(05):98~100
[18] Tarik M Hussain, Tarek N Saadawi, Samir A Ahmed. Overhead Infrared Sensor for Monitoring Vehicular Traffic. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, 1993, 42(4): 41~48
[19]樊文,常青,张其善.公交车载一体化系统研究.遥测遥控,2004,22(03):47~51
[20]王学民,方海升.公交车载集成智能系统的设计构想.城市车辆,2002,45(03): 20~21
[21]方加宝,梁晓成,刘欣.带有无线智能车载终端的公交车辆管理系统的研究.工业控制计算机,2006,39(09):59~60
[22] Xiaohong Zhu, Weidong Ding, Taiyi Sun. Study on bus passenger flow sampling technology. URBAN VEHICLES, 2005, 10(01): 55~57
[23]吴森,宗杨,曹正策.串联式混合动力城市公交车车载数据采集系统开发.武汉理工大学学报,2004, 87(04):40~43
[24] Mark Hickman. Bus Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) Systems. Assessing the Benefits and Costs of ITS, 2004, 10(02): 23~59
[25] Cesar A Quiroga, Darcy Bullock. Travel Time Studies With Globle Positioning and Geographiv Information System. An Integrated Methodology. Transportation Research Part C, 1998, 26(04): 4~6
[26] Cesar A Quiroga, Darcy Bullock. Travel Time Information Using GPS and Dynamic Segmentation Techniques. Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 78th Annual Meeting, 1999, 54(11): 2~6
[27]沙云飞,曹瑾鑫,史其信.基于GPS的路段旅行时间和速度估计算法研究.ITS通讯,2006,22(01):46~48
[28] Lawrence G. Reuter. Passenger Counting and Service Monitoring-A Worldwide Survey of Transportation Agency Practices. Transportation Research, 2002, 21(08): 5~112
[29] Thomas J Kimpel, James G Strathman. Automatic Passenger Counter Evaluation: Implications for National Transit Database Reporting. Center for Urban Studies,2002, 65(04): 3~18
[30]李鹏飞,王江燕.基于NTCIP进行系统设计的网络带宽计算.交通运输系统工程与信息,2005,19(04):73~79
[31]张伟,陈平.车载式数据采集与无线传输系统的研制.现代制造工程,2006,11(03):95~97
[32]李春杰,王天庆.无线传输通讯模块在数据采集系统的应用.国外电子测量技术,2005,42(06):17~19
[33]张北海,肖媛媛.国家运输ITS通信协议NTCIP简介.交通运输,2003,01(01):2~19
[34]贾琨,刘弘.CORBA技术及其在ITS综合信息平台软件设计中的应用.山东师范大学学报,2006,31(02):24~26
[35] N. Modi. NTCIP 1201. Global Object Definitions, 2002, 01(01): 33~59
[36] D. Awduche. NTCIP 9001. The NTCIP Guide, 2002, 03(01): 25~79
[37]隋鹏,徐洋.网络管理系统数据的存储方案.通信管理与技术,2006, 11(05):19~22
[38]余端颐.高密度数据光盘存储.清华大学出版社,2003,01(01):12~65
[39]郑淑荣.信息安全风险评估的问题及对策.软件工程师,2004,36(10):16~17
[40]叶铭.信息系统风险评估.信息网络安全,2003,41(01):69
[41]吉增瑞.信息安全综述.高性能计算技术,2000,09(04):2~8
[42] D. Piper. The Internet IP Security Domain of Interpretation for ISAKMP. RFC 2407, 1998, 21(02): 15~137
[43]于惠龙.大型信息系统安全域划分和等级保护.计算机安全,2006,21(07):21~23
[44]范箐,祁悦,李恒志.计算机局域网安全域划分浅探.中国无线电管理,2003,33(11):35~36
[45] E. Yetginer. Code of Practice for Information Security Management. ISO17779, 2000, 07(11): 8~24
[46] V. Sharma. Specification for Information Security Management Systems. BS7799-2, 2002, 22(35): 5~13
[47]周志波.结合安全域的思想建设安全运营中心.信息安全与通信保密,2006,13(06):87~89
[2]梁栋柯,范凌云,郑皓.智能交通系统初探.公路交通技术,2004, 1(06):104~112
[3]刘丽英,潘景山,史永.智能交通系统的发展状况研究.信息技术与信息化,2005,9(06):17~18
[4] Montreal. Report of the proceedings of congress road safety. PIARC, 1995,136(01): 5~23
[5] S. Sengupta.World Road Statistics. IRF, 1996, 21(01): 11~20
[6] DOT Plan 2000[R]. Department of Transportation. Transportation Systems, 1999,75(02): 21~77
[7] James G. Strathman, Thomas J Kimpel, Kenneth J Dueker, et al. Data applications of Tri-Met’s automated Bus Dispatching System. Evaluation of transit operations, 2002, 34(03): 25~42
[8]李林波,陈川,施澄.国内外城市公共交通发展之比较研究.上海工程技术大学学报,2006,18(03):259~264
[9] Duhamel, Christophe, Potvin. Tabu search heuristic for the vehicle routing problem with backhauls and time windows. Transportation Science, 1997, 31(1): 49~59
[10] Federgruen A, Van Ryzan. Probablistic Analysis of a Combined Aggregation and Programming Heuristic for a General Class of Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problems. Management Science, 1997, 43(8): 1060~1078
[11]周应军.智能交通系统ITS概述.汽车与配件,2003,37(10):26~28
[12] B. Crane. National ITS Architecture Documentation(Version 5.0). Transportation Science, 2003, 22(10): 25~36
[13] Kim, Hyung Jin. Trip-chaining Behavior and Spatial Interaction Models. Transportation, 1994, 23(02):135
[14] R. Rabbat. Metropolitan Transportation Management Center-a Case Study of Houston Transtar. Department of Transportation, 1999,02(10): 2~11
[15]周剑峰,杨兆升.GIS在城市交通共用信息平台中的应用.吉林大学学报,2005,21(02):183~186
[16]朱茵,王军利,陆化普.数据库技术在城市交通信息服务系统的应用.系统工程理论与实践,2005,12(12):132~137
[17]闫凤良,董宝田.综合交通信息系统信息平台的构建.交通科技与经济,2006,13(05):98~100
[18] Tarik M Hussain, Tarek N Saadawi, Samir A Ahmed. Overhead Infrared Sensor for Monitoring Vehicular Traffic. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, 1993, 42(4): 41~48
[19]樊文,常青,张其善.公交车载一体化系统研究.遥测遥控,2004,22(03):47~51
[20]王学民,方海升.公交车载集成智能系统的设计构想.城市车辆,2002,45(03): 20~21
[21]方加宝,梁晓成,刘欣.带有无线智能车载终端的公交车辆管理系统的研究.工业控制计算机,2006,39(09):59~60
[22] Xiaohong Zhu, Weidong Ding, Taiyi Sun. Study on bus passenger flow sampling technology. URBAN VEHICLES, 2005, 10(01): 55~57
[23]吴森,宗杨,曹正策.串联式混合动力城市公交车车载数据采集系统开发.武汉理工大学学报,2004, 87(04):40~43
[24] Mark Hickman. Bus Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) Systems. Assessing the Benefits and Costs of ITS, 2004, 10(02): 23~59
[25] Cesar A Quiroga, Darcy Bullock. Travel Time Studies With Globle Positioning and Geographiv Information System. An Integrated Methodology. Transportation Research Part C, 1998, 26(04): 4~6
[26] Cesar A Quiroga, Darcy Bullock. Travel Time Information Using GPS and Dynamic Segmentation Techniques. Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 78th Annual Meeting, 1999, 54(11): 2~6
[27]沙云飞,曹瑾鑫,史其信.基于GPS的路段旅行时间和速度估计算法研究.ITS通讯,2006,22(01):46~48
[28] Lawrence G. Reuter. Passenger Counting and Service Monitoring-A Worldwide Survey of Transportation Agency Practices. Transportation Research, 2002, 21(08): 5~112
[29] Thomas J Kimpel, James G Strathman. Automatic Passenger Counter Evaluation: Implications for National Transit Database Reporting. Center for Urban Studies,2002, 65(04): 3~18
[30]李鹏飞,王江燕.基于NTCIP进行系统设计的网络带宽计算.交通运输系统工程与信息,2005,19(04):73~79
[31]张伟,陈平.车载式数据采集与无线传输系统的研制.现代制造工程,2006,11(03):95~97
[32]李春杰,王天庆.无线传输通讯模块在数据采集系统的应用.国外电子测量技术,2005,42(06):17~19
[33]张北海,肖媛媛.国家运输ITS通信协议NTCIP简介.交通运输,2003,01(01):2~19
[34]贾琨,刘弘.CORBA技术及其在ITS综合信息平台软件设计中的应用.山东师范大学学报,2006,31(02):24~26
[35] N. Modi. NTCIP 1201. Global Object Definitions, 2002, 01(01): 33~59
[36] D. Awduche. NTCIP 9001. The NTCIP Guide, 2002, 03(01): 25~79
[37]隋鹏,徐洋.网络管理系统数据的存储方案.通信管理与技术,2006, 11(05):19~22
[38]余端颐.高密度数据光盘存储.清华大学出版社,2003,01(01):12~65
[39]郑淑荣.信息安全风险评估的问题及对策.软件工程师,2004,36(10):16~17
[40]叶铭.信息系统风险评估.信息网络安全,2003,41(01):69
[41]吉增瑞.信息安全综述.高性能计算技术,2000,09(04):2~8
[42] D. Piper. The Internet IP Security Domain of Interpretation for ISAKMP. RFC 2407, 1998, 21(02): 15~137
[43]于惠龙.大型信息系统安全域划分和等级保护.计算机安全,2006,21(07):21~23
[44]范箐,祁悦,李恒志.计算机局域网安全域划分浅探.中国无线电管理,2003,33(11):35~36
[45] E. Yetginer. Code of Practice for Information Security Management. ISO17779, 2000, 07(11): 8~24
[46] V. Sharma. Specification for Information Security Management Systems. BS7799-2, 2002, 22(35): 5~13
[47]周志波.结合安全域的思想建设安全运营中心.信息安全与通信保密,2006,13(06):87~89