基于GPS+GSM的车辆监控系统的研究
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摘要
车辆监控定位系统是把全球卫星定位技术、地理信息技术(GIS)和现代通信技术综合在一起的高科技系统。其主要功能是将装有GPS接收机的移动目标的动态位置(经度、纬度)、时间、状态等信息，实时地通过无线通讯链路传送至监控中心站，而后在具有强大的地理信息查询功能的电子地图上进行移动目标运动轨迹的显示，并对目标的准确位置、速度、运动方向、车辆状态等用户感兴趣的参数进行监控和查询，为调度管理提供可视化依据，提高车辆的运营效率，并确保车辆的安全。车辆监控定位系统是智能交通系统(简称ITS)的核心部分，是实现道路管理智能化的关键技术之一。
本文介绍了实现车辆监控系统的一种新方法，即利用GSM数字移动蜂窝通信网提供的短消息来进行无线数据通信，实现定位信息和控制命令的传送。同时还利用了GSM的语音通话功能，使得该系统不但具有车辆监控的功能而且具有电话的功能。本文侧重于研究车辆监控系统的硬件部分，主要集中在车载台部分。详细地介绍了车载台的硬件、软件设计。硬件包括GPS接收机、液晶显示、DSP系统、基于GSM900MHz移动通讯网的TC35模块、继电器执行单元以及电话单元。软件对应硬件分为定位信息接收、信息处理、信息发送和命令接收以及命令的执行，此外还介绍了GPS的NEMA格式、短消息的PDU格式等几种数据格式。
Vehicle Monitor System integrate Global Positioning techniques, Geography information techniques, Current communication scheme into high-tech system .Its mostly function is the mobile target installed GPS receiver transfer it's the information of dynamic location (longitude and latitude) , time, states to monitor center by Wireless communication way, then display the mobile target1 moving track in electronic map which have powerful inquiry function. Monitor center monitor the parameters which user have interest in that is mobile target's location, state, direction etc. According in these information, monitor center can manage vehicle, raise vehicle' running efficiency. And insure vehicle' safety. Vehicle Monitor System is Intelligent Transport System's core. It is the key of road intelligent management.
In this paper, I introduce a new way that is to implement Vehicle Monitor System. That is made use of short message provided by GSM digital cellular communication system to wireless communication, so that location information and control command can be transferred. At the same time, this system also makes use of voice communication function. Thus, this system has not only vehicle monitor function but also telephone function. In this paper, I emphasize particularly on studying the hardware of Vehicle Monitor System, mostly center on mobile terminal. Hardware and software of mobile terminal are at length introduced. Hardware includes GPS receiver, Single-chip micro-controller, TC35 module based on GSM 900MHz digital cellular communication system, relay executive unit and telephone unit. Corresponding to hardware, software include
GPS information receive program, information disposal program, information transfer and command receive program, and command execute program. Except, also introduce NEMA, PDU, several data format.
本文介绍了实现车辆监控系统的一种新方法，即利用GSM数字移动蜂窝通信网提供的短消息来进行无线数据通信，实现定位信息和控制命令的传送。同时还利用了GSM的语音通话功能，使得该系统不但具有车辆监控的功能而且具有电话的功能。本文侧重于研究车辆监控系统的硬件部分，主要集中在车载台部分。详细地介绍了车载台的硬件、软件设计。硬件包括GPS接收机、液晶显示、DSP系统、基于GSM900MHz移动通讯网的TC35模块、继电器执行单元以及电话单元。软件对应硬件分为定位信息接收、信息处理、信息发送和命令接收以及命令的执行，此外还介绍了GPS的NEMA格式、短消息的PDU格式等几种数据格式。
Vehicle Monitor System integrate Global Positioning techniques, Geography information techniques, Current communication scheme into high-tech system .Its mostly function is the mobile target installed GPS receiver transfer it's the information of dynamic location (longitude and latitude) , time, states to monitor center by Wireless communication way, then display the mobile target1 moving track in electronic map which have powerful inquiry function. Monitor center monitor the parameters which user have interest in that is mobile target's location, state, direction etc. According in these information, monitor center can manage vehicle, raise vehicle' running efficiency. And insure vehicle' safety. Vehicle Monitor System is Intelligent Transport System's core. It is the key of road intelligent management.
In this paper, I introduce a new way that is to implement Vehicle Monitor System. That is made use of short message provided by GSM digital cellular communication system to wireless communication, so that location information and control command can be transferred. At the same time, this system also makes use of voice communication function. Thus, this system has not only vehicle monitor function but also telephone function. In this paper, I emphasize particularly on studying the hardware of Vehicle Monitor System, mostly center on mobile terminal. Hardware and software of mobile terminal are at length introduced. Hardware includes GPS receiver, Single-chip micro-controller, TC35 module based on GSM 900MHz digital cellular communication system, relay executive unit and telephone unit. Corresponding to hardware, software include
GPS information receive program, information disposal program, information transfer and command receive program, and command execute program. Except, also introduce NEMA, PDU, several data format.
引文
[1] 邱致和．智能交通系统与车辆导航．导航，1997，6(2)：32-34
[2] 周忠漠，易杰军．GPS卫星测量原理与应用．测绘出版社，1992．12
[3] 吴少淳．现代自动车辆定位系统的数据处理与传输研究，北京航空航天大学博士论文，1997：6-18
[4] 蓝贤芳．新型电话机的使用原理与维修．广东科技出版社，1995
[5] 李津生，涂国防．综合业务数字网．中国科技大学出版社
[6] 程时端．综合业务数字网，通信工程丛书．人民邮电出版社
[7] 杨留清，张闽申，徐菊英．数字移动通信系统．人民邮电出版社
[8] 詹舒波．导航电子地图技术及其应用研究．北京航空航天大学博士论文，1996：5-16
[9] 冯熙昌．电子电话机集成电路手册．人民邮电出版社，1996
[10] 黄勇．GPS集群车辆监控系统中控制器的开发．北京航空航天大学硕士论文
[11] 刘基余．全球定位系统原理及其应用．北京：测绘出版社，1995．10
[12] 周万梁，孔祥华，姚明．集群移动通信工程．北京：人民邮电出版社，1996．5
[13] 田学锋，王刚 译．调制解调器参考大全．电子工业出版社，1996．7
[14] 何立民．单片机应用系统设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，1993．6
[15] 李勋，李新民，王守茂．MCS-51系列CHMOS单片微型计算机原理及应用．北京航空航天大学出版社，1991．5
[16] Michel MOULY&Marie-Bernadette PAUTET.GS数字移动通信系统．骆健霞，顾龙信，徐云霞译．电子工业出版社 1996．6
[17] 刘大杰，施一民．全球定位系统(GPS)的原理与数据处理．同济大学出版社，2001．11
[18] 戴明桢，周健江．TMS320C54X DSP结构、原理及应用．北京航空航天大学出版社，1993．6
[19] 张雄伟，曹铁勇译．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用．电子工业出版社，2001．9
[20] 边计年，薛宏熙．用VHDL设计电子线路．清华大学出版社，2000．8
[21] Technical Product Information TC35
[22] AT command set for NOKIA 9110 Communicator
[2] 周忠漠，易杰军．GPS卫星测量原理与应用．测绘出版社，1992．12
[3] 吴少淳．现代自动车辆定位系统的数据处理与传输研究，北京航空航天大学博士论文，1997：6-18
[4] 蓝贤芳．新型电话机的使用原理与维修．广东科技出版社，1995
[5] 李津生，涂国防．综合业务数字网．中国科技大学出版社
[6] 程时端．综合业务数字网，通信工程丛书．人民邮电出版社
[7] 杨留清，张闽申，徐菊英．数字移动通信系统．人民邮电出版社
[8] 詹舒波．导航电子地图技术及其应用研究．北京航空航天大学博士论文，1996：5-16
[9] 冯熙昌．电子电话机集成电路手册．人民邮电出版社，1996
[10] 黄勇．GPS集群车辆监控系统中控制器的开发．北京航空航天大学硕士论文
[11] 刘基余．全球定位系统原理及其应用．北京：测绘出版社，1995．10
[12] 周万梁，孔祥华，姚明．集群移动通信工程．北京：人民邮电出版社，1996．5
[13] 田学锋，王刚 译．调制解调器参考大全．电子工业出版社，1996．7
[14] 何立民．单片机应用系统设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，1993．6
[15] 李勋，李新民，王守茂．MCS-51系列CHMOS单片微型计算机原理及应用．北京航空航天大学出版社，1991．5
[16] Michel MOULY&Marie-Bernadette PAUTET.GS数字移动通信系统．骆健霞，顾龙信，徐云霞译．电子工业出版社 1996．6
[17] 刘大杰，施一民．全球定位系统(GPS)的原理与数据处理．同济大学出版社，2001．11
[18] 戴明桢，周健江．TMS320C54X DSP结构、原理及应用．北京航空航天大学出版社，1993．6
[19] 张雄伟，曹铁勇译．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用．电子工业出版社，2001．9
[20] 边计年，薛宏熙．用VHDL设计电子线路．清华大学出版社，2000．8
[21] Technical Product Information TC35
[22] AT command set for NOKIA 9110 Communicator