纱线植绒的理论研究及工艺参数影响分析
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摘要
本文研究了静电植绒纱线过程中,绒毛在静电场的充电机理,建立了绒毛在静电植绒过程中的力学运动模型并分析了植绒纱线的细度、旋转速度以及粘合剂的选择对植绒纱线的密度的影响;设计发明了植绒纱线的生产装置,并开发出了静电植绒纱线,且分析了影响植绒纱线的植绒密度的因素,并对原料和工艺参数对植绒纱线密度的影响进行了实验研究。
在绒毛运动的力学模型建立中,假定绒毛为理想的椭球体,研究了绒毛在静电植绒过程中的平动和转动。得出:绒毛在电场中的平动是一个变加速度运动,要提高绒毛的运动速度,必须提高静电场中的电场强度(增加极板电压和降低极板距离)和绒毛的带电量;绒毛的转动是一个周期性的小阻尼振动,其振幅逐渐减少,最终停在平衡位置。因此可以通过合理的选择静电场强度和绒毛的带电量等因素而获得绒毛较好的运动速度,从而达到较好的纱线植绒效果。
合理选择粘合剂的种类和涂层厚度对于植绒效果有重要的作用,其次,植绒纱线越粗,植绒效果越好,反之,纱线越细,越不容易植绒;再次,纱线旋转比不旋转有较好的植绒效果,并且纱线的旋转速度要根据纱线的直径、要达到的植绒密度等工艺参数进行多方面的考虑,保证兼顾两者,得到更好的植绒纱线。
本文设计了一种新型生产植绒纱线的装置,并在实验中进行了应用,发现了新型装置的优点,并结合平面植绒的工艺,分别讨论了纤维种类、纤维长度、纤维细度、植绒时间、极板电压、极板距离单因子影响植绒纱线密度的过程,通过试验及分析得出,纤维长度、纤维细度和极板距离与植绒密
In this paper, the flock motion model in an electrostatic flocking yarn process is proposed, and a new flocking yarn equipment is developed, so the flocked yarn is created. According to the fiber charging and the factors influencing flocked yarn packing density are discussed. At the same time, the influences of fiber materials and some processing variables on the flocked yarn density are also studied.Based on an ideal ellipsoid and the forces and moments of gyration acting on a single flock in a uniform electric field, the mechanics of flock transfer and rotation in an electrostatic flock are analyzed. It is shown that the equation of flock moving is a non-uniform acceleration movement. The increase of electric field and the formation of charge on flock is beneficial to enhance the flock moving speed. The rotation of flock in the electrostatic flock is a damping oscillatory but is a periodic movement and tends to the equilibrium position.
According to above discussion, it is the best way to select reasonable electrostatic field and charges on flock so that the flock obtain the largest velocity and vertical orientation as soon as possible when enter the ground stuff to improve the quality and effect of flocked yarns .In order to get the better effect of the flocked yarn ,the bond should be chosed suitably, and the ply of the coat is suitable;second, the bigger of the diameter of the yarn, the better effect of the flocked yarn, and vice versa;when the yarn is rotated, it has the better effect than that when the yarn is not rotated;according to the analyse , the speed of the yarn is related with the diameter of the yarn and the maximal density of the flocked yarn. So that ,during the electrostatic flocking ,the three factors should be taken in consideration.A new equipment which develop the flocked yarn is created, and the flocked yarn is developed through it. During the research, the advantage of the equipment is found. The unilateral influence of fiber type, fiber length, fiber fineness, flocking time, voltage and electrode separation on the flocked yarn packing density are also discussed. The results show that the flock-packing density is reduced with the augments of fiber length, fiber fineness and electrode separation, while the effect flocking time and voltage on flock-packing density is on the contrary.The combined impact on flock-packing density is also analyzed in the experiments. The nylon and rayon fibers are studied through the orthogonal layout and variance analysis. The three processing variables such as voltage, electrode separation, flocking time are discussed. The study shows that
the main factors influencing the flocked yarn packing density for nylon is voltage, flocking time followed by electrode separation, and for rayon is flocking time followed by voltage, electrode separation.The mathematic relationship between the flocked yarn density and electric field, as well as the flocking time is established by multi-element linear regression for nylon and rayon flock. The comparison through experiments shows that the result of theory and practice is consistent on the whole.
在绒毛运动的力学模型建立中,假定绒毛为理想的椭球体,研究了绒毛在静电植绒过程中的平动和转动。得出:绒毛在电场中的平动是一个变加速度运动,要提高绒毛的运动速度,必须提高静电场中的电场强度(增加极板电压和降低极板距离)和绒毛的带电量;绒毛的转动是一个周期性的小阻尼振动,其振幅逐渐减少,最终停在平衡位置。因此可以通过合理的选择静电场强度和绒毛的带电量等因素而获得绒毛较好的运动速度,从而达到较好的纱线植绒效果。
合理选择粘合剂的种类和涂层厚度对于植绒效果有重要的作用,其次,植绒纱线越粗,植绒效果越好,反之,纱线越细,越不容易植绒;再次,纱线旋转比不旋转有较好的植绒效果,并且纱线的旋转速度要根据纱线的直径、要达到的植绒密度等工艺参数进行多方面的考虑,保证兼顾两者,得到更好的植绒纱线。
本文设计了一种新型生产植绒纱线的装置,并在实验中进行了应用,发现了新型装置的优点,并结合平面植绒的工艺,分别讨论了纤维种类、纤维长度、纤维细度、植绒时间、极板电压、极板距离单因子影响植绒纱线密度的过程,通过试验及分析得出,纤维长度、纤维细度和极板距离与植绒密
In this paper, the flock motion model in an electrostatic flocking yarn process is proposed, and a new flocking yarn equipment is developed, so the flocked yarn is created. According to the fiber charging and the factors influencing flocked yarn packing density are discussed. At the same time, the influences of fiber materials and some processing variables on the flocked yarn density are also studied.Based on an ideal ellipsoid and the forces and moments of gyration acting on a single flock in a uniform electric field, the mechanics of flock transfer and rotation in an electrostatic flock are analyzed. It is shown that the equation of flock moving is a non-uniform acceleration movement. The increase of electric field and the formation of charge on flock is beneficial to enhance the flock moving speed. The rotation of flock in the electrostatic flock is a damping oscillatory but is a periodic movement and tends to the equilibrium position.
According to above discussion, it is the best way to select reasonable electrostatic field and charges on flock so that the flock obtain the largest velocity and vertical orientation as soon as possible when enter the ground stuff to improve the quality and effect of flocked yarns .In order to get the better effect of the flocked yarn ,the bond should be chosed suitably, and the ply of the coat is suitable;second, the bigger of the diameter of the yarn, the better effect of the flocked yarn, and vice versa;when the yarn is rotated, it has the better effect than that when the yarn is not rotated;according to the analyse , the speed of the yarn is related with the diameter of the yarn and the maximal density of the flocked yarn. So that ,during the electrostatic flocking ,the three factors should be taken in consideration.A new equipment which develop the flocked yarn is created, and the flocked yarn is developed through it. During the research, the advantage of the equipment is found. The unilateral influence of fiber type, fiber length, fiber fineness, flocking time, voltage and electrode separation on the flocked yarn packing density are also discussed. The results show that the flock-packing density is reduced with the augments of fiber length, fiber fineness and electrode separation, while the effect flocking time and voltage on flock-packing density is on the contrary.The combined impact on flock-packing density is also analyzed in the experiments. The nylon and rayon fibers are studied through the orthogonal layout and variance analysis. The three processing variables such as voltage, electrode separation, flocking time are discussed. The study shows that
the main factors influencing the flocked yarn packing density for nylon is voltage, flocking time followed by electrode separation, and for rayon is flocking time followed by voltage, electrode separation.The mathematic relationship between the flocked yarn density and electric field, as well as the flocking time is established by multi-element linear regression for nylon and rayon flock. The comparison through experiments shows that the result of theory and practice is consistent on the whole.
引文
[1] 胡盘新,杨纪松,静电植绒中绒毛的运动规律.杨纪松,全国静电植绒研讨会暨2003年中国家纺协会静电植绒行业年会论文集,上海,2003,11～14;
[2] 徐新海,立体植绒技术的应用与展望 2003年,中国静电植绒,41-42;
[3] 杨纪松,拓展我国静电植绒产品应用领域,杨纪松,全国静电植绒研讨会暨2003年中国家纺协会静电植绒行业年会论文集,上海,2003,4～7;
[4] 季涛,王汉成,高强,静电技术在纺织生产中的应用,纺织科学研究,2002第四期,38～42;
[5] 刘永庆,静电植绒,印刷技术,2001,10.2,57-60;
[6] 张素英,静电植绒技术,网印工业,1999.2,12-16;
[7] 中国静电植绒协会,静电植绒毛绒(草稿),中华人民共和国纺织行业标准;
[8] 中国静电植绒协会,FZ/T64011-2001,2001,静电植绒织物,中华人民共和国纺织行业标准;
[9] 拓宽静电植绒在家纺的应用,中国纺织报,2004-10-22;
[10] 发挥植绒织物在汽车内饰中的优势,中华纺织网,2003-12-26;
[11] R.L.戈伦斯,供线状或纱状料进行静电植绒产生静电场的方法和装置以及按此制成的绒线和绒纱,卢森堡,发明专利,CN85100815A;
[12] 唐族平等,纱线的静电植绒方法及装置,中国,发明专利,CN1391994A;
[13] 张渠,徐盈,纤维在电场中的运动规律(第1报:运动方程与实验方法),中国纺织大学学报,1987,Vol.13 No.3,9～18;
[14] 张渠,徐盈,纤维在电场中的运动规律(第2报:纤维运动与各 因素间的关系),中国纺织大学学报,1989,Vol.15 No.2,14～21;
[15] 蒋长贵,张渠,静电纺纱电极系统三维电场的边界元法分析,中国纺织大学学报,198 7,Vol.13 No.6,86～94;
[16] 崔宝欣,短纤维在静电场中的力学行为,聊城师院学报(自然科学版),Sep.1998,Vol.11 No.3,43～46;
[17] Ismail Dogu, The Fundamentals of Electrostatic Spinning(Part Ⅰ:An Analysis of Forces Acting on a Single Fiber) , Textile Research Journal, July 1975, 521～532;
[18] IsmailDogu, The Fundamentals of Electrostatic Spinning(Part Ⅱ: The Mechanics of Fiber Transfer in the Electrostatic Zone of an Electrostatic Spinning Machine), Textile Research Journal, September 1976, 676～691;
[19] IsmailDogu, The Fundamentals of Electrostatic Spinning(Part Ⅲ: The Behavior of Textile Fibers and Randomization of Their Positions Relative to Each Other in the Electrostatic Field Zone of an Electrostatic Spinning Machine), Textile Research Journal, December 1977, 780～789;
[20] Yong k kim, Armand F.Lewis, Hou Youjun etc, Scientific Study of Flock Materials and the Flocking Process, National Textile Center Annual Report, November 1999;
[21] A.T.Nagi-Zade, P.Grosberg, The Manipulation of Fibres by means of A Charged field, 431～436;
[22] Ing.Habil, E.N.Bershev, Flock density as main criterion in electrostatic flocking, 7thInternationals Flockseminar, September 1982, 235～252;
[23] E.Bershev, N.Bershev, L.Lobova, Optimisation of the flocking process, FLOCK, 2000, Volume 26, No.98, 9～16;
[24] N.Verse, Continuous flocking of yard goods with dosing and flocking zones connected in series, 7thInternationals Flockseminar, September 1982, 17～46;
[25] V.A.Semenov, S.P.Hersh, B.S.Gupta, Maximum Fiber-Packing Density in electrostatic flocking, Textile Research Institute, 1981, 768～773;
[26] Victor A.Semeno, Solomon P.Hersh, Bhupender S.Gupta, Increasing Pile Density in Electrostatic Flocking by Introducing a Guiding Electrode, IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, January/February 1983, Vol.IA-19, No.1, 127～131;
[27] Rodney L.Coldwell, Solomon P.Hersh, The Influence of Processing Variables on the Properties of Flocked Fabrics, IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, March/April 1978, Vol.IA-14, No.2, 175～182;
[28] Ing.Joachim Muller, Calculation of the Flock Quantity to be Dosed(Flock Offer), FLOCK, 2001, Volume27, No.102, 26～27;
[29] The "old car regulation" Ordinance and its possible impact for the flocking industry, Flock, volume 28.No.105/2002, 18-20;
[30] 于伟东,储才元,纺织物理,上海:中国纺织大学出版社,2001,131～149;
[31] B.H.波勃科夫,M.H.格拉佐夫著,许鉴良等译,朱浩等校,静电场中纤维充电动力学和运动形式,北京:纺织工业出版社,1983;11～52;
[32] 沈坚中,曹淀林,静电植绒,北京:纺织工业出版社,1960,1～80;
[33] 程守洙,江之永,普通物理学(第一册),第三版,北京:高等教育出版社,1978;
[34] 同济大学数学教研室,高等数学(下册),第四版.北京:高等教育出版社,1996;
[35] 胡良剑,丁晓东,孙晓均,数学实验使用MATLAB,上海:上海科学技术出版社,2001;
[36] Lenards G, Flocked yarns_Structures,Characteristicsfor the processing and end use, Chemiefasern/Textil-Industrie (English Edition) E91-E92, E94 (Dec. 1982),32: 886-888, 890;
[37] Dr.Ing.Gerald Hoffmann, New flock research project at the institute for textile and clothing technology of the TU Dresden, Flock,volume 28.No.106/2002.5,24-25;
[38] Swicofil AG Textiles Services , Rallytex flocked yarn;
[39] Dr-Ing.Brigitte Neudeck , The use of flocked yarns in large embroidery machines , Flock 2000 26(2), 8-9;
[40] Urs Meyer, Textiles in automobile interiors, Flock, volume26 No. 106/2002, 36;
[41] 佘文君,关于尼龙绒毛电着处理性能初探,中国静电植绒,2003,7,28～29;
[42] 吴锋,如何鉴别粘胶、尼龙绒毛的混毛现象.中国静电植绒,2003,7,27;
[43] 郁崇文,汪军,纺织最优化设计方法,上海,东华大学,2002,37～59;
[44] 王时英译,引入导向电极在植绒植绒中增加绒毛的密度,中国静电植绒,2004.1,20～24;
[45] ATCC FLOCK HANDBOOK, American, 2000
[2] 徐新海,立体植绒技术的应用与展望 2003年,中国静电植绒,41-42;
[3] 杨纪松,拓展我国静电植绒产品应用领域,杨纪松,全国静电植绒研讨会暨2003年中国家纺协会静电植绒行业年会论文集,上海,2003,4～7;
[4] 季涛,王汉成,高强,静电技术在纺织生产中的应用,纺织科学研究,2002第四期,38～42;
[5] 刘永庆,静电植绒,印刷技术,2001,10.2,57-60;
[6] 张素英,静电植绒技术,网印工业,1999.2,12-16;
[7] 中国静电植绒协会,静电植绒毛绒(草稿),中华人民共和国纺织行业标准;
[8] 中国静电植绒协会,FZ/T64011-2001,2001,静电植绒织物,中华人民共和国纺织行业标准;
[9] 拓宽静电植绒在家纺的应用,中国纺织报,2004-10-22;
[10] 发挥植绒织物在汽车内饰中的优势,中华纺织网,2003-12-26;
[11] R.L.戈伦斯,供线状或纱状料进行静电植绒产生静电场的方法和装置以及按此制成的绒线和绒纱,卢森堡,发明专利,CN85100815A;
[12] 唐族平等,纱线的静电植绒方法及装置,中国,发明专利,CN1391994A;
[13] 张渠,徐盈,纤维在电场中的运动规律(第1报:运动方程与实验方法),中国纺织大学学报,1987,Vol.13 No.3,9～18;
[14] 张渠,徐盈,纤维在电场中的运动规律(第2报:纤维运动与各 因素间的关系),中国纺织大学学报,1989,Vol.15 No.2,14～21;
[15] 蒋长贵,张渠,静电纺纱电极系统三维电场的边界元法分析,中国纺织大学学报,198 7,Vol.13 No.6,86～94;
[16] 崔宝欣,短纤维在静电场中的力学行为,聊城师院学报(自然科学版),Sep.1998,Vol.11 No.3,43～46;
[17] Ismail Dogu, The Fundamentals of Electrostatic Spinning(Part Ⅰ:An Analysis of Forces Acting on a Single Fiber) , Textile Research Journal, July 1975, 521～532;
[18] IsmailDogu, The Fundamentals of Electrostatic Spinning(Part Ⅱ: The Mechanics of Fiber Transfer in the Electrostatic Zone of an Electrostatic Spinning Machine), Textile Research Journal, September 1976, 676～691;
[19] IsmailDogu, The Fundamentals of Electrostatic Spinning(Part Ⅲ: The Behavior of Textile Fibers and Randomization of Their Positions Relative to Each Other in the Electrostatic Field Zone of an Electrostatic Spinning Machine), Textile Research Journal, December 1977, 780～789;
[20] Yong k kim, Armand F.Lewis, Hou Youjun etc, Scientific Study of Flock Materials and the Flocking Process, National Textile Center Annual Report, November 1999;
[21] A.T.Nagi-Zade, P.Grosberg, The Manipulation of Fibres by means of A Charged field, 431～436;
[22] Ing.Habil, E.N.Bershev, Flock density as main criterion in electrostatic flocking, 7thInternationals Flockseminar, September 1982, 235～252;
[23] E.Bershev, N.Bershev, L.Lobova, Optimisation of the flocking process, FLOCK, 2000, Volume 26, No.98, 9～16;
[24] N.Verse, Continuous flocking of yard goods with dosing and flocking zones connected in series, 7thInternationals Flockseminar, September 1982, 17～46;
[25] V.A.Semenov, S.P.Hersh, B.S.Gupta, Maximum Fiber-Packing Density in electrostatic flocking, Textile Research Institute, 1981, 768～773;
[26] Victor A.Semeno, Solomon P.Hersh, Bhupender S.Gupta, Increasing Pile Density in Electrostatic Flocking by Introducing a Guiding Electrode, IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, January/February 1983, Vol.IA-19, No.1, 127～131;
[27] Rodney L.Coldwell, Solomon P.Hersh, The Influence of Processing Variables on the Properties of Flocked Fabrics, IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, March/April 1978, Vol.IA-14, No.2, 175～182;
[28] Ing.Joachim Muller, Calculation of the Flock Quantity to be Dosed(Flock Offer), FLOCK, 2001, Volume27, No.102, 26～27;
[29] The "old car regulation" Ordinance and its possible impact for the flocking industry, Flock, volume 28.No.105/2002, 18-20;
[30] 于伟东,储才元,纺织物理,上海:中国纺织大学出版社,2001,131～149;
[31] B.H.波勃科夫,M.H.格拉佐夫著,许鉴良等译,朱浩等校,静电场中纤维充电动力学和运动形式,北京:纺织工业出版社,1983;11～52;
[32] 沈坚中,曹淀林,静电植绒,北京:纺织工业出版社,1960,1～80;
[33] 程守洙,江之永,普通物理学(第一册),第三版,北京:高等教育出版社,1978;
[34] 同济大学数学教研室,高等数学(下册),第四版.北京:高等教育出版社,1996;
[35] 胡良剑,丁晓东,孙晓均,数学实验使用MATLAB,上海:上海科学技术出版社,2001;
[36] Lenards G, Flocked yarns_Structures,Characteristicsfor the processing and end use, Chemiefasern/Textil-Industrie (English Edition) E91-E92, E94 (Dec. 1982),32: 886-888, 890;
[37] Dr.Ing.Gerald Hoffmann, New flock research project at the institute for textile and clothing technology of the TU Dresden, Flock,volume 28.No.106/2002.5,24-25;
[38] Swicofil AG Textiles Services , Rallytex flocked yarn;
[39] Dr-Ing.Brigitte Neudeck , The use of flocked yarns in large embroidery machines , Flock 2000 26(2), 8-9;
[40] Urs Meyer, Textiles in automobile interiors, Flock, volume26 No. 106/2002, 36;
[41] 佘文君,关于尼龙绒毛电着处理性能初探,中国静电植绒,2003,7,28～29;
[42] 吴锋,如何鉴别粘胶、尼龙绒毛的混毛现象.中国静电植绒,2003,7,27;
[43] 郁崇文,汪军,纺织最优化设计方法,上海,东华大学,2002,37～59;
[44] 王时英译,引入导向电极在植绒植绒中增加绒毛的密度,中国静电植绒,2004.1,20～24;
[45] ATCC FLOCK HANDBOOK, American, 2000