小型风力发电系统及其控制技术的研究
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摘要
随着国家能源政策的调整,风力发电技术已经成为清洁能源研究的热点。由于小型风力发电对边远地区供电有着无可比拟的优越性,因此本文的研究对象是小型风力发电系统及其控制技术。论文对小型风力发电系统中蓄电池的充电机理进行了探讨,设计了充电控制器的拓扑电路,设计了逆变器的拓扑电路,重点对控制系统进行了优化,采用了模糊PID策略,并用MATLAB仿真和实验进行了验证。最后,根据实践经验提出了风力发电机、蓄电池、逆变器的最优配置原则。
Along with the government’s policy adjustment on energy resources, the wind power generation technology has become the highlight in green energy research. As small wind power generation has the incomparable advantage to the power supply at rural areas, this study researched the small wind-power system and related control technologies. The paper discussed the charge mechanisms of accumulator cell, designed the analysis topological electric circuit of charge controller, and designed the analysis topological electric circuit of invertor. Utilizing the fuzzy PID strategy, the study focused on the optimization of the control system. The MATLAB simulations and experiments were conducted to justify the strategy. Based on the experiment results, this paper proposed an optimal configuration principle for wind-driven generator, the accumulator cell and invertor.
Along with the government’s policy adjustment on energy resources, the wind power generation technology has become the highlight in green energy research. As small wind power generation has the incomparable advantage to the power supply at rural areas, this study researched the small wind-power system and related control technologies. The paper discussed the charge mechanisms of accumulator cell, designed the analysis topological electric circuit of charge controller, and designed the analysis topological electric circuit of invertor. Utilizing the fuzzy PID strategy, the study focused on the optimization of the control system. The MATLAB simulations and experiments were conducted to justify the strategy. Based on the experiment results, this paper proposed an optimal configuration principle for wind-driven generator, the accumulator cell and invertor.
引文
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[2] F.B.ELDRIDEG. Wind Machine.Nationl Science Foundation Research, Washington,1975.
[3] Y.L.Shefer Wind Powered Machines Leokanner Associates Redwood City California,1974.
[4] J.Park & D.Schind Wind Power for Farms,Homes,and small Industry Nielsen Engeneering and reseach,Inc Moun tain View. AC,1987.
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[8]苏绍禹编.风力发电机设计与运行维护.北京:中国电力出版社,2003.
[9]王长贵,王淳等编.小型新能源和可再生能源发电系统建设与管理.北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[10]王承煦,张源.风力发电厂.北京:中国电力出版社,2003.
[11] B. K. Bose , Introduction to Power Electronics , Modern Power Electronics,IEEE Press,Piscataway,NJ,USA,1991.
[12]路虎瑜,马胜红等.光伏·风力及风光互补发电村落系统.北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[13]朱松然主编.铅蓄电池技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001.
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[15]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.阀控式铅酸蓄电池实用技术.北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[16] M. Fernandez, F. Trinidad, J. Power Sources, 53(1995):143～147.
[17] D.A.J. Rand.阀控式铅酸蓄电池(郭永榔译).北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[18]陶永华,尹怡欣,葛卢生.新型PID控制及其应用(第一版).北京:机械工业出版社,1998.
[19]张卫国,杨向忠.模糊控制理论与应用.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2004.
[20] Lee C T et al.Neural-Network-Base Fuzzy Logic Control an decision System.IEEE Trans.On Computers,1991,40(12) .
[21] Akira kawanura er al. A prototype of Neuro-Fuzzy Cooperation system. IEEE Fuzzy,92,1275-1282.
[22] Jang J R. Self-Learning Fuzzy Controllers Based on Tempral BackPropagation. IEEE Trans. On Neural Networks,1992,3(5):714-273.
[23] Berenji H R et al. Learning and Tuning Fuzzy Logic Controllers through Reinforcements. IEEE Trans. On Neural Networks,1992 3(5):724-740.
[24]张春燕.基于模糊-PID控制的链梯降速控制研究.[硕士学位论文] .江苏:江苏大学,2006.
[25]刘曙光等.模糊控制技术,北京:中国纺织出版社,2001.
[26]李士勇等.模糊控制和智能控制理论与应用.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1990.
[27]李友善,李军.模糊控制理论及其在过程控制中的应用.北京:国防工业出版社,1993.
[28]肖位枢.模糊数学基础与应用.北京:航天工业出版社,1992.
[29] Zhao Z Y,Tomizuka M,Isaka S.Fuzzy gain scheduling of PID controllers.IEEE Trans.On System Man & Cybernetics,1993,23:1392-1398
[30] MaedaM , Murakami S.Sel-Tuning Fuzzy controller.Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1992,51:29:40.
[31]周宝林,朱建跃,蔡宁,向文国.过程控制系统中PID控制参数优化研究.能源技术,2001,22(5):194:197.
[32] He S Z,Tan Wang P Z.Fuzzy self-tuning of PID Controllers.Fuzzy Set&Syst,1993,56:37-46.
[33]聂志刚.Fuzzy—PID复合控制策略在柔性机械臂抑振控制中的应用研究.浙江:浙江大学,2001.
[34]陈道炼.DC-AC逆变技术及其应用.机械工业出版社,2005.
[35] S. R. Narayana Prakash et al. A new sin wave inverter with high frequency link and synchronous rectification using MOSFETS. IEEE PESC,1990:723-728.
[36] I.J.Pitel.Phase-modulated resonant power conversion techniques for high-frequency link inverters IPEMC,1977:576-580.
[37]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华编著.逆变电源实用技术设计与应用.北京:中国电力出版社,2005,3.
[38]刘凤君编著.正弦波逆变器.北京:科学出版社,2002,2.
[2] F.B.ELDRIDEG. Wind Machine.Nationl Science Foundation Research, Washington,1975.
[3] Y.L.Shefer Wind Powered Machines Leokanner Associates Redwood City California,1974.
[4] J.Park & D.Schind Wind Power for Farms,Homes,and small Industry Nielsen Engeneering and reseach,Inc Moun tain View. AC,1987.
[5] Ralls K J. The Growth of Power Electronics in Electronic Power Transmission System. Power Eng.Journal,1995(2).
[6]国家计委基础产业发展司编.中国新能源与可再生能源1999白皮书.北京:计划出版社,2000.
[7]王承煦编.风力发电实用技术.北京:金盾出版社.1995.
[8]苏绍禹编.风力发电机设计与运行维护.北京:中国电力出版社,2003.
[9]王长贵,王淳等编.小型新能源和可再生能源发电系统建设与管理.北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[10]王承煦,张源.风力发电厂.北京:中国电力出版社,2003.
[11] B. K. Bose , Introduction to Power Electronics , Modern Power Electronics,IEEE Press,Piscataway,NJ,USA,1991.
[12]路虎瑜,马胜红等.光伏·风力及风光互补发电村落系统.北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[13]朱松然主编.铅蓄电池技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001.
[14]王长贵,王斯成.太阳能光伏发电实用技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[15]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.阀控式铅酸蓄电池实用技术.北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[16] M. Fernandez, F. Trinidad, J. Power Sources, 53(1995):143～147.
[17] D.A.J. Rand.阀控式铅酸蓄电池(郭永榔译).北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[18]陶永华,尹怡欣,葛卢生.新型PID控制及其应用(第一版).北京:机械工业出版社,1998.
[19]张卫国,杨向忠.模糊控制理论与应用.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2004.
[20] Lee C T et al.Neural-Network-Base Fuzzy Logic Control an decision System.IEEE Trans.On Computers,1991,40(12) .
[21] Akira kawanura er al. A prototype of Neuro-Fuzzy Cooperation system. IEEE Fuzzy,92,1275-1282.
[22] Jang J R. Self-Learning Fuzzy Controllers Based on Tempral BackPropagation. IEEE Trans. On Neural Networks,1992,3(5):714-273.
[23] Berenji H R et al. Learning and Tuning Fuzzy Logic Controllers through Reinforcements. IEEE Trans. On Neural Networks,1992 3(5):724-740.
[24]张春燕.基于模糊-PID控制的链梯降速控制研究.[硕士学位论文] .江苏:江苏大学,2006.
[25]刘曙光等.模糊控制技术,北京:中国纺织出版社,2001.
[26]李士勇等.模糊控制和智能控制理论与应用.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1990.
[27]李友善,李军.模糊控制理论及其在过程控制中的应用.北京:国防工业出版社,1993.
[28]肖位枢.模糊数学基础与应用.北京:航天工业出版社,1992.
[29] Zhao Z Y,Tomizuka M,Isaka S.Fuzzy gain scheduling of PID controllers.IEEE Trans.On System Man & Cybernetics,1993,23:1392-1398
[30] MaedaM , Murakami S.Sel-Tuning Fuzzy controller.Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1992,51:29:40.
[31]周宝林,朱建跃,蔡宁,向文国.过程控制系统中PID控制参数优化研究.能源技术,2001,22(5):194:197.
[32] He S Z,Tan Wang P Z.Fuzzy self-tuning of PID Controllers.Fuzzy Set&Syst,1993,56:37-46.
[33]聂志刚.Fuzzy—PID复合控制策略在柔性机械臂抑振控制中的应用研究.浙江:浙江大学,2001.
[34]陈道炼.DC-AC逆变技术及其应用.机械工业出版社,2005.
[35] S. R. Narayana Prakash et al. A new sin wave inverter with high frequency link and synchronous rectification using MOSFETS. IEEE PESC,1990:723-728.
[36] I.J.Pitel.Phase-modulated resonant power conversion techniques for high-frequency link inverters IPEMC,1977:576-580.
[37]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华编著.逆变电源实用技术设计与应用.北京:中国电力出版社,2005,3.
[38]刘凤君编著.正弦波逆变器.北京:科学出版社,2002,2.