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层状黏弹性双相介质的动力响应与物性参数反演研究
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摘要
本文以黏弹性双相介质模型为研究对象,在黏弹性介质理论和Biot连续介质理论基础上,以有限元方法作为正演的主要工具,对其进行了动力响应分析;并进一步以可量测的地表响应信息为依据,利用同伦方法对黏弹性双相介质的多个材料参数进行了数值反演研究。
     文中首先推导了黏弹性双相介质的显式有限元表达式,并编制了程序;给出了黏弹性双相介质交界面的连续条件,这样就可以方便地应用于分层地质模型的计算。利用本文编制的有限元程序,对黏弹性双相介质的单层、双层、三层半空间地质模型的动力响应特征和介质的材料参数变化对地表位移、速度和加速度的影响进行了数值分析。
     在实际工程中,地表的时域响应(包括位移、速度、加速度等)通常容易被测得,并包含了丰富的介质信息。将其直接应用于介质物性参数的反演,其结果会更合理,更利于实际的工程应用。本文从介质响应的理论合成与实际测量数据(可用正演结果来模拟)相拟合这一点出发,将介质波动方程的参数反演问题,转化为非线性算子方程的零点求解问题或者某种确定性非线性泛函的极小值问题;并分别从非线性算子方程零点求解和泛函求极小值出发构造同伦函数,对单层半空间地质模型、带弹性覆盖层的双层半空间模型及三层半空间地质模型的黏弹性双相介质的材料参数进行反演研究。结果表明,根据最小泛函原理得到的同伦反演方法收敛范围更大,收敛速度更快,较适用于时域信息对介质参数反演的分析计算。为验证该反演方法的稳定性,本文对反演算例进行了抗噪声分析,当测量数据加入5%的随机噪声时,仍能获得令人满意的反演效果,表明该方法具有较好的抗噪声能力。
     本文的研究结果丰富了介质波动理论和同伦方法的应用范围,对促进正、反演在工程中的应用具有一定的理论意义与实际价值。
Based on the theory of porous media and viscoelasticity, this thesis studies the seismic response of the visoelastic two-phase media by finite-element method. Furthermore, some of the material parameters are inversed using the numerical homotopy method.
     An explicit finite-element expression is deduced for wave equation of viscoelastic two-phase media. Combined with the boundary continuity condition between two kinds of two-phase medium, this finite-element method is facilitated to compute the seismic response of layered model. Then the dynamic response of media in one-layer, two-layer and three-layer semi-space geological model is investigated respectively. Additionally, the influence of media parameter variation on the displacement、velocity and acceleration is analyzed numerically.
     The dynamic response of displacement、velocity and acceleration is used to inverse media parameters. According to the principle that the computed dynamic response should fit the measured one, the parameter inversion problem of media is reduced to a problem of nonlinear operator equation's zero solution or minimization problem of a nonlinear functional, and then the homoptohy method is used to find the solution of inversion problem. The numerical results show that the functional minimization homoptohy method is more effective for material parameter inversion in time domain, with larger convergence range, less iteration step number and better convergence efficiency. In addition, the noise resistance analysis is introduced in the inversion problems to verify the stability of the homotopy inversion method, which shows that when the measured seismic data contains 5% random noise, the inversion result is satisfying.
     The results in this thesis enrich the application range of media wave theory and the homotopy method's application in inversion problems, which are of great theoretical and practical significance.
引文
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