偏振模色散与光纤拉曼放大器研究
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摘要
偏振模色散已成为10Gbit/s以上光纤通信系统进行长距离传输必须考虑的重要因素之一,是目前光纤通信领域的一个研究热点。本论文主要围绕偏振模色散的理论基础知识而展开,重点讨论了偏振模色散在各个空间中的描述以及其间的关系、统计分布特性、偏振模色散补偿和实验、旋光纤特性以及光纤拉曼放大器中偏振模色散与增益、偏振相关增益之间的关系等,同时初步探讨、计算了旋光纤中信号的频谱特性以及利用旋光纤制作拉曼光纤放大器以控制偏振相关损耗的规律以及各参数之间关系。本论文的主要工作如下:
本文首先对描述偏振模色散的有关概念及其特性等进行了总结,为以后各章的讨论提供了理论基础。深入讨论了偏振模色散的三种(斯托克斯空间、琼斯空间、坡印廷空间)表示方法及其三者之间的比较。指出三者的一致性、联系和各自的弱点。然后利用比较结果讨论了琼斯(Jones)空间和坡印廷(Poynting)空间所包含的在通讯过程中传输眼图预测所必需的信息。对由于PMD引起的探测器的电流变化作了估算。
然后,讨论和计算PMD的有关自相关函数;通过对普通光纤中PMD信号功率谱的推导研究,结合前面结论,得出单向旋光纤中信号功率谱及其对单一频率下传输信号谱特性的影响;分析了旋周期与光纤拍长之间的关系对PMD、信号谱的特性的改变的特点。
通过对光补偿器内部结构及反馈机制的讨论,描述了PMD补偿的原理,由于主态法不会增加系统的DGD值,故本文就一种主态(PSP)补偿法进行了理论分析和实验研究,并取得一致结论。
利用理论推导和数值模拟的方法定量分析了单向旋光纤和周期旋光纤分别在常双折射和随机双折射情形下对PMD的消除影响。
本文最后着重研究使用旋光纤的拉曼放大器的拉曼增益、偏振相关增益的部分统计规律与PMD参数、旋光纤参数之间的关系及相互影响。对ASE噪声也作了一些讨论和仿真计算。
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) has been one of the main obstacles for long-haul optical fiber communication systems with the speed beyond l0Gbit/s, and it has also been a hot topic in optical fiber communication fields at these years. Based on the theory foundation of polarization mode dispersion, descriptions of PMD in Stokes, Jones, Poynting space and the relationship of these three are discussed, then statistic character of PMD, compensation and experiments etc are discussed respectively, spun fiber’s parameter and spectrum character on PMD, on Fiber Raman Amplifer’s gain and polarization dependent gain are also studied.
First, a summary of the relating concepts of PMD and its statistics nature was given in chapter 2, which are the fundamentals for farther discussion.
A indepth analysis on expression of PMD in Stokes, Jones, Poynting space and the relationship of these three is made .Further more, as the consequence, a discussion is made on the information of eye diagram prediction, and evaluating the divergence of current on detector induced by PMD.
Secondary, we presented the depict and calculation on correlation function which describing PMD, and development a method to calculate frequency correlation function. By derivation of expression on spectrum of un-spun fiber, a conclusion is made on unidirectional spun-fiber on its affection on single frequency signal transmitting. Changing characters of spectrum that caused by relationship of periodic pitch and beat length of fiber is also made.
Based on discussing on the mechanism of feedback and internal structure of optical compensate technique of PMD, principle of PMD compensation is outlined. Noting that PSP methods perform better because they don’t add PMD to the system, a principal state polarization (PSP) compensation method is investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and the experimental results in the same outcome as the theory predicts.
Analytical and numerical results on the design of low-PMD fibers by means of spinning techniques are presented, and its affecting on PMD mitigation to fiber with constant birefringence and random birefringence is discussed respectively.
Finally, this thesis is intended to provide a comprehensive study on polarization mode dispersion (PMD) induces large fluctuations in the amplified signal in fiber Raman amplifier which uses spun fiber. We also discuss the statistic nature of the Raman gain ,polarization dependent gain (PDG) in spun fiber Raman amplifiers and its tendency with the variations of PMD coefficient and spin parameters like periodic pitch and amplitude of spun fiber. ASE is also discussed, especially on generating.
本文首先对描述偏振模色散的有关概念及其特性等进行了总结,为以后各章的讨论提供了理论基础。深入讨论了偏振模色散的三种(斯托克斯空间、琼斯空间、坡印廷空间)表示方法及其三者之间的比较。指出三者的一致性、联系和各自的弱点。然后利用比较结果讨论了琼斯(Jones)空间和坡印廷(Poynting)空间所包含的在通讯过程中传输眼图预测所必需的信息。对由于PMD引起的探测器的电流变化作了估算。
然后,讨论和计算PMD的有关自相关函数;通过对普通光纤中PMD信号功率谱的推导研究,结合前面结论,得出单向旋光纤中信号功率谱及其对单一频率下传输信号谱特性的影响;分析了旋周期与光纤拍长之间的关系对PMD、信号谱的特性的改变的特点。
通过对光补偿器内部结构及反馈机制的讨论,描述了PMD补偿的原理,由于主态法不会增加系统的DGD值,故本文就一种主态(PSP)补偿法进行了理论分析和实验研究,并取得一致结论。
利用理论推导和数值模拟的方法定量分析了单向旋光纤和周期旋光纤分别在常双折射和随机双折射情形下对PMD的消除影响。
本文最后着重研究使用旋光纤的拉曼放大器的拉曼增益、偏振相关增益的部分统计规律与PMD参数、旋光纤参数之间的关系及相互影响。对ASE噪声也作了一些讨论和仿真计算。
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) has been one of the main obstacles for long-haul optical fiber communication systems with the speed beyond l0Gbit/s, and it has also been a hot topic in optical fiber communication fields at these years. Based on the theory foundation of polarization mode dispersion, descriptions of PMD in Stokes, Jones, Poynting space and the relationship of these three are discussed, then statistic character of PMD, compensation and experiments etc are discussed respectively, spun fiber’s parameter and spectrum character on PMD, on Fiber Raman Amplifer’s gain and polarization dependent gain are also studied.
First, a summary of the relating concepts of PMD and its statistics nature was given in chapter 2, which are the fundamentals for farther discussion.
A indepth analysis on expression of PMD in Stokes, Jones, Poynting space and the relationship of these three is made .Further more, as the consequence, a discussion is made on the information of eye diagram prediction, and evaluating the divergence of current on detector induced by PMD.
Secondary, we presented the depict and calculation on correlation function which describing PMD, and development a method to calculate frequency correlation function. By derivation of expression on spectrum of un-spun fiber, a conclusion is made on unidirectional spun-fiber on its affection on single frequency signal transmitting. Changing characters of spectrum that caused by relationship of periodic pitch and beat length of fiber is also made.
Based on discussing on the mechanism of feedback and internal structure of optical compensate technique of PMD, principle of PMD compensation is outlined. Noting that PSP methods perform better because they don’t add PMD to the system, a principal state polarization (PSP) compensation method is investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and the experimental results in the same outcome as the theory predicts.
Analytical and numerical results on the design of low-PMD fibers by means of spinning techniques are presented, and its affecting on PMD mitigation to fiber with constant birefringence and random birefringence is discussed respectively.
Finally, this thesis is intended to provide a comprehensive study on polarization mode dispersion (PMD) induces large fluctuations in the amplified signal in fiber Raman amplifier which uses spun fiber. We also discuss the statistic nature of the Raman gain ,polarization dependent gain (PDG) in spun fiber Raman amplifiers and its tendency with the variations of PMD coefficient and spin parameters like periodic pitch and amplitude of spun fiber. ASE is also discussed, especially on generating.
引文
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