多要素自动气象站数据监测软件的开发
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摘要
随着国民经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,人们越来越关注身处的环境和周围天气条件。在一些传统行业中,如农业生产地实际运作与气象条件息息相关。而在很多气候恶劣,地形复杂的区域,布置人工值守的气象观测站极为困难。由此,基于太阳能供电的自动气象监测站应运而生。气压、气温、风向、风速、降雨量、地温、湿度等气象要素的观测和采集是气象工作的基础,自动气象站是自动进行气象观测、资料收集和数据传输的气象站。自动气象站为气象情报、气象分析和科学研究提供重要的依据。
本课题来源于武汉金天新能源科技有限公司的“太阳能气象自动检测系统的开发”。该系统主要针对农业生产所关心的气象要素信息,进行观测与采集。通过串口通信将自动气象站采集的气象要素数据上传至上位机进行实时监控并以固定的时间间隔将上位机气象数据定时保存至数据库中。并且要求软件有建立历史数据报表的查询功能,要有良好的图形界面。
本文在简要介绍了自动气象站的硬件结构及常规气象要素传感器的工作原理后,设计了多要素自动气象站数据监测系统的软件结构,用面向对象方法对其进行分析。确定使用C#作为软件开发语言,选择MS SQL Server 2005作为数据库开发平台。最终在Visual Studio 2008开发环境下完成了软件的实现。
As social economic's fast development,the public's life style has developed rapdily.People are giving more and more attention to the environment and weather condition around them. Some traditional work like agriculture very deeply depends on weather condition. But in some area with atrocious weather or complicated landform,buiding up weather sation operated by human being is very difficult.Thus,automatic weather station comes out.The observing and gathering air Pressure,air temperature,humidity,direction of wind,wind velocity,rainfall and ground temperature are the foundation of the weather work.The automatic weather station can collect the weather's information and transmit these data automatically.The automatic weather station can provide the important information for science research,the weather information and the weather analysis.
This thesis comes from software development used in automatic weather station which uses solar energy as its power source,required by Wuhan Jin Tian new energy source science and tecnology Co.Ltd.This system is built up for observing and collect the weather element information related to agriculture.And this system can transmit the weather data to upper computer through comport communication for real-time monitoring and save data.The software is required for reporting forms,searching history data and friendly graphical interfaces.
After a brief inturduction to the hardware structure and the working principle of normal senses used in automatic weather station,the article designed the software system configuration,analysised with OO(Object Oriented)idea.Then,the article choose C# as programming language and MS SQL Server 2005 as database developing platform.At last the software is realized under Visual Studio 2008 programming environment.
本课题来源于武汉金天新能源科技有限公司的“太阳能气象自动检测系统的开发”。该系统主要针对农业生产所关心的气象要素信息,进行观测与采集。通过串口通信将自动气象站采集的气象要素数据上传至上位机进行实时监控并以固定的时间间隔将上位机气象数据定时保存至数据库中。并且要求软件有建立历史数据报表的查询功能,要有良好的图形界面。
本文在简要介绍了自动气象站的硬件结构及常规气象要素传感器的工作原理后,设计了多要素自动气象站数据监测系统的软件结构,用面向对象方法对其进行分析。确定使用C#作为软件开发语言,选择MS SQL Server 2005作为数据库开发平台。最终在Visual Studio 2008开发环境下完成了软件的实现。
As social economic's fast development,the public's life style has developed rapdily.People are giving more and more attention to the environment and weather condition around them. Some traditional work like agriculture very deeply depends on weather condition. But in some area with atrocious weather or complicated landform,buiding up weather sation operated by human being is very difficult.Thus,automatic weather station comes out.The observing and gathering air Pressure,air temperature,humidity,direction of wind,wind velocity,rainfall and ground temperature are the foundation of the weather work.The automatic weather station can collect the weather's information and transmit these data automatically.The automatic weather station can provide the important information for science research,the weather information and the weather analysis.
This thesis comes from software development used in automatic weather station which uses solar energy as its power source,required by Wuhan Jin Tian new energy source science and tecnology Co.Ltd.This system is built up for observing and collect the weather element information related to agriculture.And this system can transmit the weather data to upper computer through comport communication for real-time monitoring and save data.The software is required for reporting forms,searching history data and friendly graphical interfaces.
After a brief inturduction to the hardware structure and the working principle of normal senses used in automatic weather station,the article designed the software system configuration,analysised with OO(Object Oriented)idea.Then,the article choose C# as programming language and MS SQL Server 2005 as database developing platform.At last the software is realized under Visual Studio 2008 programming environment.
引文
[1]侯文秀.自动气象站数据监测及评估系统.硕士论文,内蒙古:内蒙古大学,2009
[2]郭杨.远程自动气象数据采集系统.硕士论文,南京:南京信息工程大学,2007
[3]但永平.基于GPRS的多要素自动气象站.硕士论文,河南:郑州大学,2005
[4]战明君.基于GPRS的自动气象站系统.硕士论文,哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007
[5]王锦贵.美国气象业务现代化观览.辽宁气象,1994(4): 3-9
[6]崔讲学.美国气象现代化实施计划及其特点.陕西气象,1994(2):32-35
[7] Walter F.Dabberdt,Thomas W.Schlatter.美国气象观测系统发展研究的有关问题.气象科技,1997,(4):32-37
[8]毛道新.日本气象情况介绍.江西气象科技,2002,25(4):20-24
[9]罗刚.加快我国自动气象观测站发展步伐.四川气象,2000,20(1):4-5
[10]李峰,陈永清.我国自动气象站建设发展迅速.《光明日报》,2003.8.20
[11]徐可文,张美珍,时瑞林.气象自动站运行原理与维护.科技情报开发与经济, 2007, 17(14): 287-288
[12]胡玉峰等编著.自动气象站原理与测量方法.北京:气象出版社,2004
[13]罗树如,胡玉峰,刘钧,王柏林.自动气象站综合探测网的构建.气象科技, 2006,34(2):184-187
[14]李源鸿,敖振浪.自动气象站网实时监控系统结构设计方法.气象,2003, 29(1):32-34
[15]熊凌云.自动气象站网络系统与数据传输.气象水文海洋仪器,2009 (1):29-31
[16]向晋良.自动气象站传感器原理分析.浙江气象,2004(3)
[17]戴义保,陈多磊.高精密温度测量的研究与实现.自动化仪表, 2003,24(3):24-27
[18]郭少朋,吴岚军,刘鸿.铂电阻多点测温控温设计.传感器技术,2004, 23(1):67-69
[19]王勇,王晓东.高精度铂电阻测温非线性校正方法.测控技术,2004,23(7):75-76
[20]刘少强.新型精密铂电阻测温方法.传感器技术,1999,18(2):41-44
[21]杨茂水,李树贵.自动气象站气压、温度、风传感器工作原理.山东气象,2002, 22(2):48-50
[22]杨茂水,李树贵.自动气象站湿度和雨量传感器工作原理.山东气象,2002, 22(3):46-47
[23]杨晓光.面向对象程序设计(C#实现).第1版.齐立波.北京:清华大学出版社, 2011
[24] Karli Watson. C#入门经典2008.第4版.北京:清华大学出版社,2008
[25]胡兴才.自动气象站软件开发涉及的主要技术初探.见:中国气象学会2005年年会论文集,2005:804-808
[26]林锐.软件工程与项目管理解析.北京,电子工业出版社,2003
[27]胡德胜.分布式气象检测微系统软件开发.硕士论文,南京:东南大学,2004
[28]段文广.实现多要素自动气象站数据的数据库存储与查询.成都信息工程学院学报,2006,21(4):543-546
[29]高峰.数据库实时监控系统的设计与实现.气象,2005,31(3):81-84
[30]张孝峰,李刚,李来民.自动气象站信息数据库业务系统开发与应用.山东气象,2004,24(3):25-27
[31]程路,唐佰波,胡波.市级自动气象站实时数据库系统.陕西气象, 2005(6):35-37
[32] http://zedgraph.org/
[33]魏联政.专用计算机自动测试系统(ATS)软件的开发.硕士论文.西安:西安电子科技大学,2007
[34]秦荣茂,杨华.利用.NET实现自动气象站资料的图表显示.电脑知识与技术,2008(19):80-81
[35]杨胜利,王景红.调制解调器在自动气象站的应用.陕西气象,2006(4):32-34
[36]徐宁军,陈战平,冯智伟. GPRS业务在自动气象站网数据传输中的应用.气象科技,2006,34(6):112-115
[37]鲁礼炳,艾劲松.自动气象站实时监测与报警系统的研制开发.湖北气象,2004(2):25-26
[38]金培,王政.基于数据库的中尺度自动气象站网架构及其应用平台开发.浙江气象,2004,25(4):33-35
[39] WMO CIMO. Report on the development of guidelines on quality control procedures for data form automatic weather stations. Geneva, Switzerland, March 2006: 20-24
[40] S.Keevallik, T.Soomere, R.P?rg etc. Outlook for wind measurement at Estonian automatic weather stations. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences ,Engineering ,2007(13):234-251
[41] C.Rolstad, J.Oerlemans. The residual method for determination of the turbulent exchange coefficient applied to automatic weather station data from Iceland, Switzerland, and West Greenland. Annals of Glaciology,2005,42(1):367-372
[42] C.H.Reijmer, E.van Meijgaard, M.R.van den Broeke. Evaluation of temperature and wind over Antarctica in a Regional Atmospheric Climate Model using 1 year of automatic weather station data and upper air obervations. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH,2005,110(D4)
[43] Sampson.K M, Steffen.K. Shallow Firn Layer Climatology Derived from Greenland Climate Network Automatic Weather Station Data。in:American Geophysical Union. AGU Fall Meeting. Washington.DC:American Geophysical Union,2006
[44] R Mottram, de Jager J M, Savage M J. Telecommunications networking of weather data for use in agricultural systems[J]. Water S.A,1991,17(4):243-248
[45] John R.Warren, Dale L.Vance. Remote Automatic Weather Station for Resource and Fire Management Agencies[G].1981,INT-116:11
[46] Bonelli P, Cavallin G, Colais G. Integrated acquisition and application of meteorological data in power system operation and control[J].Electric Power Systems Research,1997,40(2):115-119
[47] K Toivonen, J Kantonen. Road weather information system in Finland[J].Transportation Research Record,2001,( 1741):21-28
[2]郭杨.远程自动气象数据采集系统.硕士论文,南京:南京信息工程大学,2007
[3]但永平.基于GPRS的多要素自动气象站.硕士论文,河南:郑州大学,2005
[4]战明君.基于GPRS的自动气象站系统.硕士论文,哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007
[5]王锦贵.美国气象业务现代化观览.辽宁气象,1994(4): 3-9
[6]崔讲学.美国气象现代化实施计划及其特点.陕西气象,1994(2):32-35
[7] Walter F.Dabberdt,Thomas W.Schlatter.美国气象观测系统发展研究的有关问题.气象科技,1997,(4):32-37
[8]毛道新.日本气象情况介绍.江西气象科技,2002,25(4):20-24
[9]罗刚.加快我国自动气象观测站发展步伐.四川气象,2000,20(1):4-5
[10]李峰,陈永清.我国自动气象站建设发展迅速.《光明日报》,2003.8.20
[11]徐可文,张美珍,时瑞林.气象自动站运行原理与维护.科技情报开发与经济, 2007, 17(14): 287-288
[12]胡玉峰等编著.自动气象站原理与测量方法.北京:气象出版社,2004
[13]罗树如,胡玉峰,刘钧,王柏林.自动气象站综合探测网的构建.气象科技, 2006,34(2):184-187
[14]李源鸿,敖振浪.自动气象站网实时监控系统结构设计方法.气象,2003, 29(1):32-34
[15]熊凌云.自动气象站网络系统与数据传输.气象水文海洋仪器,2009 (1):29-31
[16]向晋良.自动气象站传感器原理分析.浙江气象,2004(3)
[17]戴义保,陈多磊.高精密温度测量的研究与实现.自动化仪表, 2003,24(3):24-27
[18]郭少朋,吴岚军,刘鸿.铂电阻多点测温控温设计.传感器技术,2004, 23(1):67-69
[19]王勇,王晓东.高精度铂电阻测温非线性校正方法.测控技术,2004,23(7):75-76
[20]刘少强.新型精密铂电阻测温方法.传感器技术,1999,18(2):41-44
[21]杨茂水,李树贵.自动气象站气压、温度、风传感器工作原理.山东气象,2002, 22(2):48-50
[22]杨茂水,李树贵.自动气象站湿度和雨量传感器工作原理.山东气象,2002, 22(3):46-47
[23]杨晓光.面向对象程序设计(C#实现).第1版.齐立波.北京:清华大学出版社, 2011
[24] Karli Watson. C#入门经典2008.第4版.北京:清华大学出版社,2008
[25]胡兴才.自动气象站软件开发涉及的主要技术初探.见:中国气象学会2005年年会论文集,2005:804-808
[26]林锐.软件工程与项目管理解析.北京,电子工业出版社,2003
[27]胡德胜.分布式气象检测微系统软件开发.硕士论文,南京:东南大学,2004
[28]段文广.实现多要素自动气象站数据的数据库存储与查询.成都信息工程学院学报,2006,21(4):543-546
[29]高峰.数据库实时监控系统的设计与实现.气象,2005,31(3):81-84
[30]张孝峰,李刚,李来民.自动气象站信息数据库业务系统开发与应用.山东气象,2004,24(3):25-27
[31]程路,唐佰波,胡波.市级自动气象站实时数据库系统.陕西气象, 2005(6):35-37
[32] http://zedgraph.org/
[33]魏联政.专用计算机自动测试系统(ATS)软件的开发.硕士论文.西安:西安电子科技大学,2007
[34]秦荣茂,杨华.利用.NET实现自动气象站资料的图表显示.电脑知识与技术,2008(19):80-81
[35]杨胜利,王景红.调制解调器在自动气象站的应用.陕西气象,2006(4):32-34
[36]徐宁军,陈战平,冯智伟. GPRS业务在自动气象站网数据传输中的应用.气象科技,2006,34(6):112-115
[37]鲁礼炳,艾劲松.自动气象站实时监测与报警系统的研制开发.湖北气象,2004(2):25-26
[38]金培,王政.基于数据库的中尺度自动气象站网架构及其应用平台开发.浙江气象,2004,25(4):33-35
[39] WMO CIMO. Report on the development of guidelines on quality control procedures for data form automatic weather stations. Geneva, Switzerland, March 2006: 20-24
[40] S.Keevallik, T.Soomere, R.P?rg etc. Outlook for wind measurement at Estonian automatic weather stations. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences ,Engineering ,2007(13):234-251
[41] C.Rolstad, J.Oerlemans. The residual method for determination of the turbulent exchange coefficient applied to automatic weather station data from Iceland, Switzerland, and West Greenland. Annals of Glaciology,2005,42(1):367-372
[42] C.H.Reijmer, E.van Meijgaard, M.R.van den Broeke. Evaluation of temperature and wind over Antarctica in a Regional Atmospheric Climate Model using 1 year of automatic weather station data and upper air obervations. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH,2005,110(D4)
[43] Sampson.K M, Steffen.K. Shallow Firn Layer Climatology Derived from Greenland Climate Network Automatic Weather Station Data。in:American Geophysical Union. AGU Fall Meeting. Washington.DC:American Geophysical Union,2006
[44] R Mottram, de Jager J M, Savage M J. Telecommunications networking of weather data for use in agricultural systems[J]. Water S.A,1991,17(4):243-248
[45] John R.Warren, Dale L.Vance. Remote Automatic Weather Station for Resource and Fire Management Agencies[G].1981,INT-116:11
[46] Bonelli P, Cavallin G, Colais G. Integrated acquisition and application of meteorological data in power system operation and control[J].Electric Power Systems Research,1997,40(2):115-119
[47] K Toivonen, J Kantonen. Road weather information system in Finland[J].Transportation Research Record,2001,( 1741):21-28