柴达木盆地昆前—茫崖坳陷构造样式与数值模拟研究
|
摘要
以石油地质学、构造地质学、沉积学、测井地质学和岩石力学等多学科理论
为指导,综合应用地质、地震、测井、油藏等多种信息和计算机手段,对柴达木
盆地昆前-茫崖坳陷的构造样式及其油气成藏进行了分析研究。
从野外露头研究入手,结合测井相、地震相,探讨了研究区沉积相分布特点;
在地震剖面解释及区域构造格局分析的基础上,论述了研究区构造样式及其结合
断裂样式的演化特征;从断层活动速率、断层生长指数的对比研究入手,论证了
柴西地区高级序断裂发展的同生性、差异性、幕式性及断裂活动强度的迁移性.
通过构造演化史的分析,结合剖面缩短量、野外露头的研究成果,论证了柴
西地区第四纪构造运动的强烈性。以盆地生油岩母质的类型及丰度研究为基础,
结合盆地热演化史,探讨了生油岩热演化及其生烃量和时间的关系;建立了研究
区古应力场三维地质模型,在此基础上,对古应力场进行了数值模拟研究,探讨
了构造应力与油气运聚的深层次联系,认为构造应力,特别是成藏期构造应力,
对油气的运移、聚集和油气藏的形成起着主导作用,同时对有利圈闭进行了分析。
对柴西地区成藏规律进行了系统的研究,把油气藏划分为后生断裂对原生油气藏
破坏型和稳定发育型两种;同时提出柴西地区油藏的形成和分布取决于油源条
件、储集条件、运移条件、保存条件以及各种条件相互之间的时空匹配关系。
Directed by such discipline and theories as petroleum geology, tectonics, sedimentology, and rock mechanics, the dynamic reservoir process, Kunqian-Mangya depression of Qaidam basin, is studied comprehensively through the application of geology, seismic, logging and reservoir information, and computer analysis.Based on the observation of outcrop, and combined with logging and seismic, the facies of study area is thoroughly discussed; and the structure styles and combinatorial features of study area is illustrated through the seismic profile interpretation and analysis of regional tectonic pattern. The structure styles and its combinatorial evolutive contemporaneous, otherness, episodes and the action transference of fault are demonstrated in the western Qaidam basin in terms of the action velocity of fault and the contrast research of fault developmental index.The intensive Quaternary tectonic movements of western Qaidam basin is reasoned out by the research on analysis of tectonic evolution, shortening of outcrop section and research on outcrop, The regional structures and tectonic-dynamic characteristics of study area is discussed. The relationship between geothermal evolution of source rock and hydrocarbon generation and period based on the study of source rock type and abundance and basin geothermal evolution, and further constructing the 3D geology model of paleo-stress of study area. Based on the research above, the simulation of paleo-stress is studied, and proposed the inherent relation between tectonic stress and hydrocarbon accumulation furthermore, and considered tectonic stress playing a dominant role in the migration, accumulation of oil and gas and reservoir-forming, especially during hydrocarbon accumulation, and analyzed the favorable trap moreover. The reservoirs are divided into destructive type and stabilization development type through systematic study on reservoir-formation rules of western Qaidam area. Herein, the hydrocarbon source, accumulation, migration, preservation condition and the time-space matching relation of conditions above determine the formation and distribution of reservoir in Qaidam basin.
为指导,综合应用地质、地震、测井、油藏等多种信息和计算机手段,对柴达木
盆地昆前-茫崖坳陷的构造样式及其油气成藏进行了分析研究。
从野外露头研究入手,结合测井相、地震相,探讨了研究区沉积相分布特点;
在地震剖面解释及区域构造格局分析的基础上,论述了研究区构造样式及其结合
断裂样式的演化特征;从断层活动速率、断层生长指数的对比研究入手,论证了
柴西地区高级序断裂发展的同生性、差异性、幕式性及断裂活动强度的迁移性.
通过构造演化史的分析,结合剖面缩短量、野外露头的研究成果,论证了柴
西地区第四纪构造运动的强烈性。以盆地生油岩母质的类型及丰度研究为基础,
结合盆地热演化史,探讨了生油岩热演化及其生烃量和时间的关系;建立了研究
区古应力场三维地质模型,在此基础上,对古应力场进行了数值模拟研究,探讨
了构造应力与油气运聚的深层次联系,认为构造应力,特别是成藏期构造应力,
对油气的运移、聚集和油气藏的形成起着主导作用,同时对有利圈闭进行了分析。
对柴西地区成藏规律进行了系统的研究,把油气藏划分为后生断裂对原生油气藏
破坏型和稳定发育型两种;同时提出柴西地区油藏的形成和分布取决于油源条
件、储集条件、运移条件、保存条件以及各种条件相互之间的时空匹配关系。
Directed by such discipline and theories as petroleum geology, tectonics, sedimentology, and rock mechanics, the dynamic reservoir process, Kunqian-Mangya depression of Qaidam basin, is studied comprehensively through the application of geology, seismic, logging and reservoir information, and computer analysis.Based on the observation of outcrop, and combined with logging and seismic, the facies of study area is thoroughly discussed; and the structure styles and combinatorial features of study area is illustrated through the seismic profile interpretation and analysis of regional tectonic pattern. The structure styles and its combinatorial evolutive contemporaneous, otherness, episodes and the action transference of fault are demonstrated in the western Qaidam basin in terms of the action velocity of fault and the contrast research of fault developmental index.The intensive Quaternary tectonic movements of western Qaidam basin is reasoned out by the research on analysis of tectonic evolution, shortening of outcrop section and research on outcrop, The regional structures and tectonic-dynamic characteristics of study area is discussed. The relationship between geothermal evolution of source rock and hydrocarbon generation and period based on the study of source rock type and abundance and basin geothermal evolution, and further constructing the 3D geology model of paleo-stress of study area. Based on the research above, the simulation of paleo-stress is studied, and proposed the inherent relation between tectonic stress and hydrocarbon accumulation furthermore, and considered tectonic stress playing a dominant role in the migration, accumulation of oil and gas and reservoir-forming, especially during hydrocarbon accumulation, and analyzed the favorable trap moreover. The reservoirs are divided into destructive type and stabilization development type through systematic study on reservoir-formation rules of western Qaidam area. Herein, the hydrocarbon source, accumulation, migration, preservation condition and the time-space matching relation of conditions above determine the formation and distribution of reservoir in Qaidam basin.
引文
1.石广仁,李阿梅,张庆春,1997,盆地模拟技术新进展(一)国内外发展状况,石油勘探与开发,24(3):38～40.
2.吴景富,吴冲龙,1999,含油气盆地成藏动力学系统模拟评价方法,中国海上油气(地质),13(4):240～247.
3.李四光,地质力学概论,北京:科学出版社,1973
4.郭泽清,钟建华,刘卫红,杨树锋,陈汉林,2004,应用EASY%R_0法模拟柴达木盆地西部烃源岩成熟史,沉积学报,22(1):154～160.
5.胡受权,曹运江,黄继祥,牟中海,1999,柴达木盆地侏罗纪盆地原型及其形成与演化探讨,石油实验地质,21(3):189～195.
6.戴俊生,1998,柴达木盆地构造式研究,内部刊物
7.蔡学林,1992,阿尔金地穹系走滑断裂构造样式,成都地质学院学报,19(1):8～17,
8.宋建国,廖健,1982(增刊),柴达木盆地构造特征及油气区的划分,石油学报,14～23,
9.汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,张兵山,由福报,骆静,1999,柴达木震旦纪—三叠纪盆地演化研究,地质科学,34(3):289～300,
10.吴汉宁,刘池阳,张小会,任战利,1997,用古地磁资料探讨柴达木地块构造演化,中国科学(D辑),27(1):9～15,
11.郭召杰,张志诚,1998,阿尔金盆地群构造类型与演化,地质论评,44(4):357～364
12.刘东琴,2000,柴达木盆地油泉子—油南地区重、磁、电资料综合解释研究报告,内部刊物
13.宋辉龙,从古地磁资料看柴达木盆地古构造环境,青海石油,18(3):1～6
14.许志琴,杨经绥,张建新,1999,阿尔金断裂两侧构造单元的对比及岩石圈剪切机制,地质学报,73(3):193-205
15.冯益民,何世平,祁连山大地构造与造山作用,北京:地质出版社,1996
16.肖序常,陈国铭,朱志直,1978,祁连山古蛇绿岩带的地质构造意义,地质学报,52(4):281～295
17.汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,刘池阳,吴汉宁,由福报,张兵山,2000,柴达木盆地构造古地理分析,地学前缘,7(4):421～429
18.邱楠生,顾先觉,丁丽华,陈刚,杨乾政,2000,柴达木盆地西部新生代的构造——热演化研究,地质科学,35(4):456～464
19.方向,柴达木盆地西部地区构造储层特征与成藏规律及目标优选,内部刊物,2001
20.杨建军,朱红,邓晋福,周天祯,赖绍聪,1994,柴达木北缘石榴子石橄榄岩的发现及其意义,岩石矿物学杂志,13(2):97～105
21.高先志,柴达木盆地中、古生界含油气系统及勘探目标选择,内部刊物,1999
22.葛肖虹,张梅生,刘永江,叶慧文,石采东,1998,阿尔金断裂研究的科学问题与研究思路,现代 地质,12(3):295～301
23.金之钧,柴达木盆地前中生界岩性分布图,内部特刊,1999
24.冉启贵,1998,镜质体反射率的热史反演,石油勘探与开发,25(6):29～32
25.宋党育,秦勇,1998,镜质组反射率反演的EASY%Ro数值模拟新方法,煤田地质与勘探,26(3):15～17
26.陈增智,柳广弟,郝石生,1999,修正的镜质体反射率剥蚀厚度恢复方法,沉积学报,17(1):141～144
27.张建新,张泽明,许志琴,崔军文,杨经绥,1999,阿尔金西段孔兹岩系的发现及岩石学,同位素年代学初步研究,中国科学(D辑),29(4):299～305
28.张建新,杨勇,张建新,2001,阿尔金西段榴辉岩中石榴石的成分环带及其动力学意义,地质学报,75(2):186～197
29. Perrier R, Quiblier J, 1974, Thickness changes in sedimentary layer during compaction history: methods for quantitative evolution, AAPG, Bull, 58(3): 507-520
30. G, Goldhammer R K, 1988, Compaction-induced subsidence in margin of a carbonate platform, Basin earch, 1 (4): 237-246
31. Posamentier H W, Goldhamer R K, 1992, High resolution sequence stratigraphy-the east Couler Delta, Alberta, J, Sedi, Petrol, 62(2): 310-317
32. Hardenbol J, Vail P R, Ferrer J, 1981, Interpreting paleoenvironments, subsidence history and sea-level changes on passive Doglioni margins from seismic biostratigraphy, 26th Int, Geol, Congr, Geology of Continental Margins, Oceanal Acta, (Suppl 4): 33-44
33. Haq B U, Hardbol J, Vail P R, 1987, The chronology of fluctuating sea level since the Triassic, Science, 269: 483-489
34.陈伟,平衡剖面计算机模拟及其应用,科学出版社,1993
35.贾维民,杜秀霞译,平衡地质剖面,武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1991
36. Dahlstrom C D A, Balanced Cross Sections, Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 1969, 6: 743-757
37. Vans Mount, John Suppe et al, 1990, A forward modeling strategy for balancing cross sections, AAPG, 74(5): 521-531
38.肖安成,1994,平衡剖面的正演模拟方法,江汉石油学院学报,16(1):1～10
39.牟中海,1992,应用地震资料建立压性盆地平衡剖面,石油地球物理勘探,27(4):498～504
40. William F Dula Jr, 1991, Geometric models of listric normal faults and rollover folds, AAPG Bulletin, 75(10): 1609-1625
41. Xiao H, Suppe B J, 1992, Origin of rollover, AAPG Bulletin, 76(4): 509-529
42. John Shaw, 1997, Extensional fault-bend folding and synrift deposition, AAPG Bulletin, 91(3): 367-379
43.钟建华,黄立功,柴西第四纪湖泊冰水沉积的发现及意义,沉积学报(待刊)
44.黄立功,钟建华,郭泽清,刘云田,江波,管全俊,柳祖汉,张跃中,张永庶,李勇,2004,阿尔金造山带中、新生代的演化,地球学报,25(3)287～294
45. Wordenweber B, 1994, Finite element mesh generation, Compute, 16(5): 285-291
46. Ge Lin, Chongbin Zhao, B. E. Hobbs, A. Ord and H. B. Muhlhaus, 2003, Theoretical and Numerical Analyses of Convective Instability in Porous Media with Temperature-dependent Viscosity, Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering, 19: 787-799.
47. Parthasarathy V N, 1991, Aconstrained optimization approach to finite element mesh smoothing, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 13(9): 309-320
48.彭高华,王国丽,弹性力学基础,北京:石油工业出版社,1993
49.李允,杜志敏,钟义贵,油藏数值模拟原理,成都:成都科技大学出版社,1992
50.丁皓江,何福保,谢贻权,弹性力学和塑性力学中的有限元方法,北京:机械工业出版社,1989
51.李明诚编著,石油与天然气运移,石油工业出版社,1994
52.田世澄,毕研鹏,论成藏动力学系统,北京:地震出版社,2000
53.龚再升,李思田,南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集,北京:科学出版社,1997
54.华保钦,1995,构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移,沉积学报,13(2):77～85
55.龚再升,杨甲明,1999,油气成藏动力学及油气运移模型,中国海上油气(地质),13:235～239
56. Ge Lin, Yanghua Wang, Feng Guo, Yuejun Wang and Weiming Fan, 2004, Geodynamic modelling of crustal deformation of the North China block: a preliminary study, Journal of Geophysics and Enginnring, 1 (2004) 63-69.
57. Gibson R G, 1994, Fault-zone seals in siliciclastic strata of the Columbus Basin, offshore Trinidad, AAPG Bullet, 78: 1372-1385
58. Allan U S, 1989, Model for hydrocarbon migration and entrapment within faulted structures, AAPG Bulletin, 73: 803-811
59. Hooper E C D, 1991, Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments, Journal of Petroleum Geology, 14: 161-180
60. Lonergan L, Cartwright J, Laver R, et al, Polygonal faulting in the Terriary of the central North Sea: implications for reservoir geology, Coward M P, Daltaban T S, Johnson H, eds, Structural Geology in Reservoir Characterization, Geological Society Special Publication, 1998, 127: 191-207
61.杨立强,张中杰,林舸,王岳军,2003,FLAC基本原理及其在地学中的应用,地学前缘,10(1):24。
62.龙驳球,有限单元法概论,北京:人民教育出版社,1981
63.朱岳清,梅世蓉,梁北援,唐山地震孕震过程的三维有限元分析及其在地震预报研究上的意义,唐山地震孕育模式研究,北京:地震出版社,1992
64.焦明若,1999,中国大陆及其周边地区构造应力场的数值计算及其在地震活动性解释上的应用,地震学报,21(2):123～132
65.马宗晋,1998,青藏高原三维变形运动学的时段划分和新构造区,地质学报,72(3):209～227
66.谢富仁,1999,青藏高原北、东边缘第四纪构造应力场演化特征,地震学报,21(5):502～512
67.黄立功,钟建华,于海侨,赵密福,陈汉林,李勇,2004,柴西第三系构造应力场演化模拟,石油勘探与开发,6(31):109～111
68.马德云,高振敏,杨世瑜,2003,北衙金矿区构造应力场数值模拟,大地构造与成矿学,27(2):160～166
69.刘翠荣,2002,东海西湖凹陷中新世构造应力场数值模拟及油气有利聚集区预测,石油实验地质,24(1):73～78
70.门相勇,王智诒,吴丰成,2002,柴达木盆地中南部第三系石油地质条件与勘探前景,石油勘探与开发,29(1):61～64
71.夏文巨,范连顺,张宁,柴达木盆地形成演化机制及含油气领域预测,敦煌:青海石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1997
72.青藏油气区石油地质志编写组,中国石油地质志(卷十四),青藏油气田区,北京:石油工业出版社,1990,105～153
73.周翥虹,青海省柴达木盆地第三系生油层特征及评价,敦煌:青海石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1984
74.钟建华,郭泽清,杨树锋,2004,柴达木盆地茫崖坳陷古近系—新近系R_0分布特征及地质意义,78(3):407～415
75.黄汉纯,黄庆华,马寅生,柴达木盆地地质与油气预测,北京:地质出版社,1996:222～224
76.李明诚,李伟,蔡峰,1997,油气成藏保存条件的综合研究,石油学报,18(2):41～48
77.张义纲,天然气的生成、聚集和保存,南京:河海大学出版社,1991
78.Grunau H R,郑朝阳译,1988,从世界范围看盖层问题,石油地质与实验,14:1～15
79.刘方槐,1991,盖层在气藏保存与破坏中的作用及其评价方法,天然气地球科学,1(15):220～232
80.李小地,1996,油气藏成因模式探讨,石油勘探与开发,23(4):1～5
81.罗群,孙宏智,2000,断裂活动与油气藏保存关系研究,石油实验地质,22(3):225～231
82.郝石生,陈章明,高耀斌,天然气藏的形成和保存,北京:石油工业出版社,1995:91～180
83.吕延防,油气保存条件,哈尔滨:黑龙江科学技术出版社,1997:87～100
84.王伟锋,陆诗阔,谢向阳,1999,断陷盆地油气藏保存条件综合评价,石油大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):9～16
85.陈章明,吴元燕,吕延防,油气藏保存与破坏研究,北京:石油工业出版社,2003:131～223
86. Macgregor D S, 1996, Factors controlling the destruction or preservation of giant light oilfield, Petroleum Geoscience, 2: 197-217
87.吕延防,王振平,2001,油气藏破坏机理分析,大庆石油学院学报,25(3):5～9
88.吴元燕,平俊彪,吕修祥,2002,准噶尔盆地西北缘油气藏保存及破坏定量研究,石油学报,23(6):24-28
89.庞雄奇,姜振学,左胜杰,2002,叠合盆地构造变动破坏烃量研究方法探讨,地质论评,48(4):3 84～90
90.庞雄奇,左胜杰,金之钧,解国军,姜振学,2003,济阳坳陷构造变动破坏烃量反演模拟,石油勘探与开发,30(3):56～60
91. Hooper ECD, 1991, Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments[J], Journal of Petroleum Geology, 14(2): 161—280
92.童亨茂,1998,断层开启与封闭的定量分析,石油与天然气地质,19(3):215～220
93.曾联波,金之钧,汤良杰,2001,柴达木盆地北缘油气分布的构造控制作用,地球科学—中国地质大学学报,26(1):54～58
2.吴景富,吴冲龙,1999,含油气盆地成藏动力学系统模拟评价方法,中国海上油气(地质),13(4):240～247.
3.李四光,地质力学概论,北京:科学出版社,1973
4.郭泽清,钟建华,刘卫红,杨树锋,陈汉林,2004,应用EASY%R_0法模拟柴达木盆地西部烃源岩成熟史,沉积学报,22(1):154～160.
5.胡受权,曹运江,黄继祥,牟中海,1999,柴达木盆地侏罗纪盆地原型及其形成与演化探讨,石油实验地质,21(3):189～195.
6.戴俊生,1998,柴达木盆地构造式研究,内部刊物
7.蔡学林,1992,阿尔金地穹系走滑断裂构造样式,成都地质学院学报,19(1):8～17,
8.宋建国,廖健,1982(增刊),柴达木盆地构造特征及油气区的划分,石油学报,14～23,
9.汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,张兵山,由福报,骆静,1999,柴达木震旦纪—三叠纪盆地演化研究,地质科学,34(3):289～300,
10.吴汉宁,刘池阳,张小会,任战利,1997,用古地磁资料探讨柴达木地块构造演化,中国科学(D辑),27(1):9～15,
11.郭召杰,张志诚,1998,阿尔金盆地群构造类型与演化,地质论评,44(4):357～364
12.刘东琴,2000,柴达木盆地油泉子—油南地区重、磁、电资料综合解释研究报告,内部刊物
13.宋辉龙,从古地磁资料看柴达木盆地古构造环境,青海石油,18(3):1～6
14.许志琴,杨经绥,张建新,1999,阿尔金断裂两侧构造单元的对比及岩石圈剪切机制,地质学报,73(3):193-205
15.冯益民,何世平,祁连山大地构造与造山作用,北京:地质出版社,1996
16.肖序常,陈国铭,朱志直,1978,祁连山古蛇绿岩带的地质构造意义,地质学报,52(4):281～295
17.汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,刘池阳,吴汉宁,由福报,张兵山,2000,柴达木盆地构造古地理分析,地学前缘,7(4):421～429
18.邱楠生,顾先觉,丁丽华,陈刚,杨乾政,2000,柴达木盆地西部新生代的构造——热演化研究,地质科学,35(4):456～464
19.方向,柴达木盆地西部地区构造储层特征与成藏规律及目标优选,内部刊物,2001
20.杨建军,朱红,邓晋福,周天祯,赖绍聪,1994,柴达木北缘石榴子石橄榄岩的发现及其意义,岩石矿物学杂志,13(2):97～105
21.高先志,柴达木盆地中、古生界含油气系统及勘探目标选择,内部刊物,1999
22.葛肖虹,张梅生,刘永江,叶慧文,石采东,1998,阿尔金断裂研究的科学问题与研究思路,现代 地质,12(3):295～301
23.金之钧,柴达木盆地前中生界岩性分布图,内部特刊,1999
24.冉启贵,1998,镜质体反射率的热史反演,石油勘探与开发,25(6):29～32
25.宋党育,秦勇,1998,镜质组反射率反演的EASY%Ro数值模拟新方法,煤田地质与勘探,26(3):15～17
26.陈增智,柳广弟,郝石生,1999,修正的镜质体反射率剥蚀厚度恢复方法,沉积学报,17(1):141～144
27.张建新,张泽明,许志琴,崔军文,杨经绥,1999,阿尔金西段孔兹岩系的发现及岩石学,同位素年代学初步研究,中国科学(D辑),29(4):299～305
28.张建新,杨勇,张建新,2001,阿尔金西段榴辉岩中石榴石的成分环带及其动力学意义,地质学报,75(2):186～197
29. Perrier R, Quiblier J, 1974, Thickness changes in sedimentary layer during compaction history: methods for quantitative evolution, AAPG, Bull, 58(3): 507-520
30. G, Goldhammer R K, 1988, Compaction-induced subsidence in margin of a carbonate platform, Basin earch, 1 (4): 237-246
31. Posamentier H W, Goldhamer R K, 1992, High resolution sequence stratigraphy-the east Couler Delta, Alberta, J, Sedi, Petrol, 62(2): 310-317
32. Hardenbol J, Vail P R, Ferrer J, 1981, Interpreting paleoenvironments, subsidence history and sea-level changes on passive Doglioni margins from seismic biostratigraphy, 26th Int, Geol, Congr, Geology of Continental Margins, Oceanal Acta, (Suppl 4): 33-44
33. Haq B U, Hardbol J, Vail P R, 1987, The chronology of fluctuating sea level since the Triassic, Science, 269: 483-489
34.陈伟,平衡剖面计算机模拟及其应用,科学出版社,1993
35.贾维民,杜秀霞译,平衡地质剖面,武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1991
36. Dahlstrom C D A, Balanced Cross Sections, Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 1969, 6: 743-757
37. Vans Mount, John Suppe et al, 1990, A forward modeling strategy for balancing cross sections, AAPG, 74(5): 521-531
38.肖安成,1994,平衡剖面的正演模拟方法,江汉石油学院学报,16(1):1～10
39.牟中海,1992,应用地震资料建立压性盆地平衡剖面,石油地球物理勘探,27(4):498～504
40. William F Dula Jr, 1991, Geometric models of listric normal faults and rollover folds, AAPG Bulletin, 75(10): 1609-1625
41. Xiao H, Suppe B J, 1992, Origin of rollover, AAPG Bulletin, 76(4): 509-529
42. John Shaw, 1997, Extensional fault-bend folding and synrift deposition, AAPG Bulletin, 91(3): 367-379
43.钟建华,黄立功,柴西第四纪湖泊冰水沉积的发现及意义,沉积学报(待刊)
44.黄立功,钟建华,郭泽清,刘云田,江波,管全俊,柳祖汉,张跃中,张永庶,李勇,2004,阿尔金造山带中、新生代的演化,地球学报,25(3)287～294
45. Wordenweber B, 1994, Finite element mesh generation, Compute, 16(5): 285-291
46. Ge Lin, Chongbin Zhao, B. E. Hobbs, A. Ord and H. B. Muhlhaus, 2003, Theoretical and Numerical Analyses of Convective Instability in Porous Media with Temperature-dependent Viscosity, Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering, 19: 787-799.
47. Parthasarathy V N, 1991, Aconstrained optimization approach to finite element mesh smoothing, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 13(9): 309-320
48.彭高华,王国丽,弹性力学基础,北京:石油工业出版社,1993
49.李允,杜志敏,钟义贵,油藏数值模拟原理,成都:成都科技大学出版社,1992
50.丁皓江,何福保,谢贻权,弹性力学和塑性力学中的有限元方法,北京:机械工业出版社,1989
51.李明诚编著,石油与天然气运移,石油工业出版社,1994
52.田世澄,毕研鹏,论成藏动力学系统,北京:地震出版社,2000
53.龚再升,李思田,南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集,北京:科学出版社,1997
54.华保钦,1995,构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移,沉积学报,13(2):77～85
55.龚再升,杨甲明,1999,油气成藏动力学及油气运移模型,中国海上油气(地质),13:235～239
56. Ge Lin, Yanghua Wang, Feng Guo, Yuejun Wang and Weiming Fan, 2004, Geodynamic modelling of crustal deformation of the North China block: a preliminary study, Journal of Geophysics and Enginnring, 1 (2004) 63-69.
57. Gibson R G, 1994, Fault-zone seals in siliciclastic strata of the Columbus Basin, offshore Trinidad, AAPG Bullet, 78: 1372-1385
58. Allan U S, 1989, Model for hydrocarbon migration and entrapment within faulted structures, AAPG Bulletin, 73: 803-811
59. Hooper E C D, 1991, Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments, Journal of Petroleum Geology, 14: 161-180
60. Lonergan L, Cartwright J, Laver R, et al, Polygonal faulting in the Terriary of the central North Sea: implications for reservoir geology, Coward M P, Daltaban T S, Johnson H, eds, Structural Geology in Reservoir Characterization, Geological Society Special Publication, 1998, 127: 191-207
61.杨立强,张中杰,林舸,王岳军,2003,FLAC基本原理及其在地学中的应用,地学前缘,10(1):24。
62.龙驳球,有限单元法概论,北京:人民教育出版社,1981
63.朱岳清,梅世蓉,梁北援,唐山地震孕震过程的三维有限元分析及其在地震预报研究上的意义,唐山地震孕育模式研究,北京:地震出版社,1992
64.焦明若,1999,中国大陆及其周边地区构造应力场的数值计算及其在地震活动性解释上的应用,地震学报,21(2):123～132
65.马宗晋,1998,青藏高原三维变形运动学的时段划分和新构造区,地质学报,72(3):209～227
66.谢富仁,1999,青藏高原北、东边缘第四纪构造应力场演化特征,地震学报,21(5):502～512
67.黄立功,钟建华,于海侨,赵密福,陈汉林,李勇,2004,柴西第三系构造应力场演化模拟,石油勘探与开发,6(31):109～111
68.马德云,高振敏,杨世瑜,2003,北衙金矿区构造应力场数值模拟,大地构造与成矿学,27(2):160～166
69.刘翠荣,2002,东海西湖凹陷中新世构造应力场数值模拟及油气有利聚集区预测,石油实验地质,24(1):73～78
70.门相勇,王智诒,吴丰成,2002,柴达木盆地中南部第三系石油地质条件与勘探前景,石油勘探与开发,29(1):61～64
71.夏文巨,范连顺,张宁,柴达木盆地形成演化机制及含油气领域预测,敦煌:青海石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1997
72.青藏油气区石油地质志编写组,中国石油地质志(卷十四),青藏油气田区,北京:石油工业出版社,1990,105～153
73.周翥虹,青海省柴达木盆地第三系生油层特征及评价,敦煌:青海石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1984
74.钟建华,郭泽清,杨树锋,2004,柴达木盆地茫崖坳陷古近系—新近系R_0分布特征及地质意义,78(3):407～415
75.黄汉纯,黄庆华,马寅生,柴达木盆地地质与油气预测,北京:地质出版社,1996:222～224
76.李明诚,李伟,蔡峰,1997,油气成藏保存条件的综合研究,石油学报,18(2):41～48
77.张义纲,天然气的生成、聚集和保存,南京:河海大学出版社,1991
78.Grunau H R,郑朝阳译,1988,从世界范围看盖层问题,石油地质与实验,14:1～15
79.刘方槐,1991,盖层在气藏保存与破坏中的作用及其评价方法,天然气地球科学,1(15):220～232
80.李小地,1996,油气藏成因模式探讨,石油勘探与开发,23(4):1～5
81.罗群,孙宏智,2000,断裂活动与油气藏保存关系研究,石油实验地质,22(3):225～231
82.郝石生,陈章明,高耀斌,天然气藏的形成和保存,北京:石油工业出版社,1995:91～180
83.吕延防,油气保存条件,哈尔滨:黑龙江科学技术出版社,1997:87～100
84.王伟锋,陆诗阔,谢向阳,1999,断陷盆地油气藏保存条件综合评价,石油大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):9～16
85.陈章明,吴元燕,吕延防,油气藏保存与破坏研究,北京:石油工业出版社,2003:131～223
86. Macgregor D S, 1996, Factors controlling the destruction or preservation of giant light oilfield, Petroleum Geoscience, 2: 197-217
87.吕延防,王振平,2001,油气藏破坏机理分析,大庆石油学院学报,25(3):5～9
88.吴元燕,平俊彪,吕修祥,2002,准噶尔盆地西北缘油气藏保存及破坏定量研究,石油学报,23(6):24-28
89.庞雄奇,姜振学,左胜杰,2002,叠合盆地构造变动破坏烃量研究方法探讨,地质论评,48(4):3 84～90
90.庞雄奇,左胜杰,金之钧,解国军,姜振学,2003,济阳坳陷构造变动破坏烃量反演模拟,石油勘探与开发,30(3):56～60
91. Hooper ECD, 1991, Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments[J], Journal of Petroleum Geology, 14(2): 161—280
92.童亨茂,1998,断层开启与封闭的定量分析,石油与天然气地质,19(3):215～220
93.曾联波,金之钧,汤良杰,2001,柴达木盆地北缘油气分布的构造控制作用,地球科学—中国地质大学学报,26(1):54～58
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |