矿井通风系统可靠性工程方法研究
摘要
矿井通风系统是地下矿生产的一个重要辅助系统,是实现矿井正常生产的前提条件。随着矿井开采深度的不断增加,开采规模的不断扩大,井下通风网络会越来越复杂,通风难度越来越大,可靠性也越来越低,一个子系统的失效都可能导致通风系统的失效,甚至瘫痪。矿井通风系统的可靠是实现井下通风安全、消除事故隐患、预防甚至杜绝火灾事故等的有力保障,因此对矿井通风系统进行可靠性分析显得十分必要。通过可靠性分析,可以得到通风系统各个子系统的可靠性指标,通过可靠性指标可以找出事故隐患,进而提前进行预防性维修或改造,从而有效的减少和防止矿井通风系统事故的发生,为井下生产提供保证。
本文从矿井通风系统的各个子系统入手,采用由下及上的分析方法,从单元到子系统一步一步的进行可靠度的分析,进而给出提高可靠性的措施。论文完成的工作主要如下：
(1)本文从空气约束条件独立的角度,分析因素之间的耦合关系,综合运用曲线拟合和泰勒公式求出各变量的函数表达式,提出了一种新的风路可靠度的理论计算模型。传统的风量分布是经验认识的,而且几乎所有的文献都认为风量分布是正态分布,因此本文提出利用概率分析图来识别风量分布类型,最后给出了对数正态分布的风量可靠度算法。
(2)在风网可靠度计算过程中,前人多采用遍历点法求得最小路集,进而求得风网可靠度。本文利用风网特征图识别最小路集,该方法比遍历点法更能为通风安全工作人员提供直观、高效的风网拓扑指标。接着采用不交和的性质对风网可靠度公式进行化简,进一步得出风路可靠度敏感度系数。
(3)由于通风动力设备的可修复性,运用基于Markov过程理论对矿井主扇风机进行可靠性分析,接着建立了局部通风设备的故障树,给出了巷道的可靠度定额和安全等级分类标准,分别运用基于AGREE和花费最小的可靠性分配方法对局部通风设备进行了可靠度指标分配。
(4)引入极限的概念分析矿井通风系统稳定性,给出了判定风量稳定性的方法。利用通风系统三大定律,提出风阻变化模型、阻力变化模型、风量稳定模型,给风量调节提供了依据,也给出了增强风量稳定性的途径。
(5)运用FLUENT对增设风窗的巷道进行风流模拟,得出了增设风窗后巷道的风流分布规律,然后给出了区域可靠性的定义,分别给出了基于多项式拟合、最小二乘法的可靠度计算方法。
结合了网络流、可靠性理论及数值模拟方法,对以后进一步研究矿井通风网络可靠性有着重要的理论指导作用,也给矿井通风工作人员提供了分析方法以及提高矿井通风系统可靠性的途径,具有一定的实际意义。
Mine ventilation system is an important auxiliary system of production system, which is the precondition of normal production in mine. With the increasing of depth and the expanding scale of mine, it would be more complex and more difficult for ventilation system, therefore the reliability would be knocked-down even the airflow would get confusing. A failure even paralysis may happen because of the failure of a unit. The reliability of mine ventilation system is the guarantee of ventilation safety, elimination of potential accidents, prevention of gas and fire incidents, so it is necessary to study on the reliability of ventilation system. Throughout analyzing its reliability, reliability indices of subsystem could be calculated to find out hidden dangers of accidents, which can be prevented in advance, so as to reduce and prevent accidents of mine ventilation system for providing security for production.
The unit reliability analysis was carried out firstly, based on this, the reliability analysis of subsystem was carried out. Lastly, measures to improve reliability were pointed out. The work can be mainly described as follows.
On the basis of reliability analysis based on air quantity, another important factor, air quality is considered to define roadway reliability, comprehensively considering air quantity constrained conditions, toxic and harmful gas concentration constrained conditions. Under the condition of previous study, in which air-quantity distribution was considered to be normal distribution by experience, air-quantity distribution identification based on probability analysis diagram was given to calculate reliability of lognormal distribution.
While previous study was concentrated on nodes-ergodicity method during the process of calculating minimal path sets for ventilation network reliability, ventilation network characteristic graph was used to recognize minimal path sets because of its intuition and high efficiency. Then the properties of sum of disjoint products was used to simplify reliability formula and calculate sensitivity coefficient.
As for repairable property of ventilation dynamic system, the reliability model of main fan was set up by using the Markov Process theory, then the fault tree of local ventilation equipment was established to give the classification standard for safety grade and calculate the reliability. On the basis of fault tree, the methods of reliability allocation based on AGREE and economy were introduced to allocate reliability to the subsystems of local ventilation equipment.
The air quantity stability of mine ventilation system was defines by the use of margin, whose discrimination method was given. The models of windage change, resistance change, air flow stability were put forward through three laws of mine ventilation system, and provide evidence for air quantity control. Furthermore, the approach to improve effectively stability of mine ventilation system was proposed.
The soft of FLUENT was used to simulate wind in roadway with addition of air regulators, and the law of air-quantity distribution have been obtained. The calculating methods of reliability based on polynomial fitting and least square were given after regional reliability defined.
The study in this paper is composed with network stream theory, reliability theory and numerical simulation. It serves as an important guiding role and has some reference value and practical meaning for further studying on the reliability of the mine ventilation system.
本文从矿井通风系统的各个子系统入手,采用由下及上的分析方法,从单元到子系统一步一步的进行可靠度的分析,进而给出提高可靠性的措施。论文完成的工作主要如下：
(1)本文从空气约束条件独立的角度,分析因素之间的耦合关系,综合运用曲线拟合和泰勒公式求出各变量的函数表达式,提出了一种新的风路可靠度的理论计算模型。传统的风量分布是经验认识的,而且几乎所有的文献都认为风量分布是正态分布,因此本文提出利用概率分析图来识别风量分布类型,最后给出了对数正态分布的风量可靠度算法。
(2)在风网可靠度计算过程中,前人多采用遍历点法求得最小路集,进而求得风网可靠度。本文利用风网特征图识别最小路集,该方法比遍历点法更能为通风安全工作人员提供直观、高效的风网拓扑指标。接着采用不交和的性质对风网可靠度公式进行化简,进一步得出风路可靠度敏感度系数。
(3)由于通风动力设备的可修复性,运用基于Markov过程理论对矿井主扇风机进行可靠性分析,接着建立了局部通风设备的故障树,给出了巷道的可靠度定额和安全等级分类标准,分别运用基于AGREE和花费最小的可靠性分配方法对局部通风设备进行了可靠度指标分配。
(4)引入极限的概念分析矿井通风系统稳定性,给出了判定风量稳定性的方法。利用通风系统三大定律,提出风阻变化模型、阻力变化模型、风量稳定模型,给风量调节提供了依据,也给出了增强风量稳定性的途径。
(5)运用FLUENT对增设风窗的巷道进行风流模拟,得出了增设风窗后巷道的风流分布规律,然后给出了区域可靠性的定义,分别给出了基于多项式拟合、最小二乘法的可靠度计算方法。
结合了网络流、可靠性理论及数值模拟方法,对以后进一步研究矿井通风网络可靠性有着重要的理论指导作用,也给矿井通风工作人员提供了分析方法以及提高矿井通风系统可靠性的途径,具有一定的实际意义。
Mine ventilation system is an important auxiliary system of production system, which is the precondition of normal production in mine. With the increasing of depth and the expanding scale of mine, it would be more complex and more difficult for ventilation system, therefore the reliability would be knocked-down even the airflow would get confusing. A failure even paralysis may happen because of the failure of a unit. The reliability of mine ventilation system is the guarantee of ventilation safety, elimination of potential accidents, prevention of gas and fire incidents, so it is necessary to study on the reliability of ventilation system. Throughout analyzing its reliability, reliability indices of subsystem could be calculated to find out hidden dangers of accidents, which can be prevented in advance, so as to reduce and prevent accidents of mine ventilation system for providing security for production.
The unit reliability analysis was carried out firstly, based on this, the reliability analysis of subsystem was carried out. Lastly, measures to improve reliability were pointed out. The work can be mainly described as follows.
On the basis of reliability analysis based on air quantity, another important factor, air quality is considered to define roadway reliability, comprehensively considering air quantity constrained conditions, toxic and harmful gas concentration constrained conditions. Under the condition of previous study, in which air-quantity distribution was considered to be normal distribution by experience, air-quantity distribution identification based on probability analysis diagram was given to calculate reliability of lognormal distribution.
While previous study was concentrated on nodes-ergodicity method during the process of calculating minimal path sets for ventilation network reliability, ventilation network characteristic graph was used to recognize minimal path sets because of its intuition and high efficiency. Then the properties of sum of disjoint products was used to simplify reliability formula and calculate sensitivity coefficient.
As for repairable property of ventilation dynamic system, the reliability model of main fan was set up by using the Markov Process theory, then the fault tree of local ventilation equipment was established to give the classification standard for safety grade and calculate the reliability. On the basis of fault tree, the methods of reliability allocation based on AGREE and economy were introduced to allocate reliability to the subsystems of local ventilation equipment.
The air quantity stability of mine ventilation system was defines by the use of margin, whose discrimination method was given. The models of windage change, resistance change, air flow stability were put forward through three laws of mine ventilation system, and provide evidence for air quantity control. Furthermore, the approach to improve effectively stability of mine ventilation system was proposed.
The soft of FLUENT was used to simulate wind in roadway with addition of air regulators, and the law of air-quantity distribution have been obtained. The calculating methods of reliability based on polynomial fitting and least square were given after regional reliability defined.
The study in this paper is composed with network stream theory, reliability theory and numerical simulation. It serves as an important guiding role and has some reference value and practical meaning for further studying on the reliability of the mine ventilation system.
引文
[1]吴超.矿井通风与空气调节[M].长沙,中南大学出版社,2008.
[2]王从陆,吴超.矿井通风及其系统可靠性[M].长沙,中南大学出版社,2007.
[3]王从陆.非灾变时期金属矿复杂矿井通风系统稳定性及数值模拟研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2007.
[4]马云东.矿井广义可靠性理论[M].北京,煤炭工业出版社,1995,116-126.
[5]王海桥.矿井通风网络的通风有效度分析[J].煤炭工程师,1990.6.
[6]基于粗集-神经网络的矿井通风系统可靠性理论与方法研究：[博士学位论文].阜新：辽宁工程技术大学,2004.
[7]贾进章.矿井火灾时期通风系统可靠性研究：[博士学位论文].阜新：辽宁工程技术大学,2004.
[8]贾进章.矿井火灾时期通风系统可靠性[M].阜新,煤炭工业出版社,2005.
[9]刘剑,贾进章,郑丹.流体网络理论[M].阜新,煤炭工业出版社,2002.
[10]贾进章.通风系统可靠性研究：[硕士学位论文].阜新：辽宁工程技术大学,1999.
[11]崔刚,陈开岩.矿井通风系统安全可靠性综合评价方法探讨[J].煤炭科学技术,1999,27(12)：40-43.
[12]Jing Guoxun, Zhang Furen, Pan Qidong, et al. The Grey Multiple Comprehensive Assessment of Safe Reliability of Mine Ventilate System[P]. Proceedings in Mining Science and Safety Technology,2002:335-340.
[13]王洪德,马云东,陈长华.基于粗糙集理论通风系统可靠性神经网络仿真[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003,22(4)：445-447.
[14]张启宇,白冷.矿井通风系统可靠性的统计分析[J].世界采矿快报,1996(17)：14-16.
[15]周静.矿井通风系统可靠性研究：[硕士学位论文].阜新：辽宁工程技术大学,2005.
[16]Singh A K, Ahamad I, Sahay N. Air Leakage through Underground Ventilation Stoppings and In-situ Assessment of Air Leakage Characteristics of Remote Filled Cement Concrete Plug by Tracer Gas Technique[J]. Journal of the Mine Ventilation Society of South Africa,1999,52 (3):102-106.
[17]Hariri S. A Symbolic Reliability Algorithm based on Path and Cutset Methods[J]. Computers,1987,36:34-37.
[18]Fong C C, Buzacot J A. An Algorithm for Symbolic Reliability Computation with Path-sets or Cut-sets[J]. IEEE Trans. Reliability,1987, C-36 (10):12-24.
[19]Mitchell D, Goddlad G. The Use of Safety Related Control Systems in Primary Mine Ventilation Circulation[P]. A First International Conference on the Use of Programmable Electronic Systems in Safety Related Applications,1989,49-54.
[20]Petrov N N, Butorina O S. Reliability Analysis of Ventilation Systems[J]. Soviet Mining Science,1986,22 (6):491-496.
[21]Petrov, Melikhov. Investigation of Strength and Durability of Transmission Shafts of the Main Mine Fans[J].Fiziko Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh,1997,4:78-82.
[22]Schroeder, Christian. Reliability of Main Fans in Coals Mines[J].Glueckauf & Translation,1986,22 (6):491-496.
[23]Stachulak, Jozef S. Surface Mine Fan installations at INCO Limited[J].CIM Bulletin,1996,89 (10):59-62.
[24]曹晋华,程侃.可靠性数学引论(修订版)[M].北京,高等教育出版社,2006.
[25]曹晋华.可靠性数学引论[M].北京,科学出版社,1986.
[26]柳金甫,王义东.概率论与应用统计(经管类)[M].武汉,武汉大学出版社,2006.
[27]卢明银,徐人平.系统可靠性[M].北京,机械工业出版社,2008.
[28]徐竹晕.矿井通风系统优化原理与设计计算方法[M].北京,冶金工业出版社,1996.
[29]王洪德,刘贞堂.矿井通风网络可靠性的定量分析与评价[J].中国矿业大学学报,2007,36(3)：371-375.
[30]贾进章,刘剑,姜克寒.风路可靠度确定数学模型[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005,24(6)：801-804.
[31]张国枢.通风安全学[M].徐州,中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[32]盖德明.矿井通风系统可靠性研究：[硕士学位论文].赣州,江西理工大学,2008.
[33]李艳军.矿井通风系统可靠性分析方法研究：[硕士学位论文].西安,西安科技大学,2008.
[34]任振平.矿井通风系统可靠性分析及应用：[硕士学位论文].唐山,河北理工大学,2008.
[35]曹震宇.矿井通风系统可靠性评价方法研究：[硕士学位论文].太原,太原理工大学,2006.
[36]张志国,曹洋,孙平.对数正态分布参数的精确估计及其应用[J].辽宁科技大学学报,2008,31(3-4)：269-272.
[37]顾益明.分组型数据的产品可靠性的近似极大似然估计[J].上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,30(2)：28-33.
[38]郑明,杨艺.基于分组数据的对数正态分布的参数估计[J].系统工程理论方法应用,2004,13(6)：553-556.
[39]金星,洪延姬.工程系统可靠性数值分析方法[M].国防工业出版社,2002.
[40]Tiwari R K, Verma M. An algbraic technique for reliability evaluation[J]. IEEE Trans Reliability,1980, R-29:311-313.
[41]Fong C C, Buzacott J A. An algorithm for symbolic reliability computayion with path-sets or cut-sets[J]. IEEE Trans Reliability,1987, R-36:34-37.
[42]Locks M O. A minizing Algrithms for sum of disjoint product[J].IEEE Trans Reliability,1987, R-36 (10):445-453.
[43]Hariri S. A symbolic reliability algorithm based on path and cut set methds[J]. IEEE Trans Computers,1987, C-36 (10):1224.
[44]武小悦,沙基昌.构造网络不交化最小路集的一种新算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,(1)：62-66.
[45]贺国光,周良生.基于可靠性单元的网络系统可靠性简化算法[J].机械设计,2008,25(7)：62-65.
[46]张俊生,赵美良.基于拓扑关系的矿井通风网络系统可靠性研究[J].山西煤炭,2009,29(4)：42-44.
[47]邓秋红,赵连昌,王东霞.计算不交和的一个新算法[J].科学技术与工程,2003,3(6)：518-520.
[48]胡聚石.网络可靠度一种新的不交和算法[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),1996,17(6)：676-679.
[49]许君臣.一种网络可靠度分析的不交和算法[J].辽宁工学院学报,1999,19(1)：44-49.
[50]周利华.矿井通风网络最小路集不交化可靠度的计算[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004,(3)：134-138.
[51]周利华.矿井通风网络最小割集不交和可靠度的计算[J].湘潭矿业学院学报,2003,18(1)：10-12.
[52]刘剑,徐瑞龙,李舒伶.风网特征图程序设计原理[J].阜新矿业学院学报(自然科学版),1993,12(3)：20-24.
[53]许升阳,刘剑,徐瑞龙.风网特征图确定通风系统极值流[J].山东矿业学院学报,1993,12(2)：117-120.
[54]徐瑞龙,刘剑,许升阳.矿井的压能图与风网特征图[J].江苏煤炭,1993,(4)： 41-43.
[55]浑宝炬,郭立稳.矿井通风与除尘[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2007.
[56]汪崇鲜,李绪国,谭波.矿井通风系统风量稳定性的影响因素[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(8)：931-935.
[57]黄光球,陆秋琴,郑彦全.通风系统风流稳定性分析的新方法[J].矿冶工程,2005,25(4)：8-11.
[58]崔宣存.吕家坨矿通风系统可靠性与稳定性分析：[硕士学位论文].阜新,辽宁工程技术大学,2007.
[59]李向东.吕家坨矿通风系统稳定性与可靠性研究：[硕士学位论文].阜新,辽宁工程技术大学,2006.
[60]陈长华.风网稳定性的定量分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003,22(3)：292-294.
[61]陈钊.基于灵敏度的通风系统稳定性分析[J].中国煤炭,2007,33(11)：46-47.
[62]贾进章,马恒,刘剑.基于灵敏度的通风系统稳定性分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,21(4)：428-429.
[63]张建华,陈长华.矿井通风网络可靠性定量分析[J].黑龙江科技学院学报,2006,16(1)：12-15.
[64]段东.矿井通风系统拓扑关系自动生成的研究及风网解算：[硕士学位论文].阜新,辽宁工程技术大学,2006.
[65]王雨.矿井通风系统实时模拟与异常风量分析研究：[硕士学位论文].西安,西安科技大学,2006.
[66]王从陆.复杂矿井通风网络解算及参数可调度研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙,中南大学,2003.
[67]朱玉贵,李成龙.用Hardy-Cross法计算机解井巷通风网络[J].金属矿山,2004,8(增刊)：205-207.
[68]陈立.可修冗余系统的可靠性模型研究：[硕士学位论文].兰州,兰州理工大学,2007.
[69]杨会崇,张宇.两部件冷备可修系统可靠性的马氏骨架方法[J].数学理论与应用,2006,26(3)：4-7.
[70]杨会崇.马尔可夫骨架过程在冷储备系统中的应用：[硕士学位论文].长沙,中南大学,2006.
[71]周正伐.可靠性工程基础[M].北京,中国宇航出版社,2009.
[72]王洪德,马云东.基于Markov过程理论的矿用通风机系统可靠性研究[J].安全与环境学报,2004,4(2)：57-59.
[73]王洪德,马云东.基于故障统计模型的可修通风系统可靠性研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(9)：11-15.
[74]王洪德,马云东.基于故障统计模型的可修通风系统可靠性指标体系研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(6)：617-621.
[75]王洪德,姬长发,马云东.基于冷储备可修模型的矿井主扇系统可靠性分析[J].西安科技学院学报,2003,23(3)：253-256.
[76]王洪德,马云东.基于冷储备可修模型的矿井主要通风机系统可靠性分析[J].煤矿安全,2003,34(6)：1-3.
[77]陶新利.矿井局部通风设备故障诊断信息系统研究：[硕士学位论文].西安,西安科技大学,2007.
[78]杨晓勇.矿井局部通风设备系统故障诊断规则获取研究：[硕士学位论文].西安,西安科技大学,2006.
[79]韩玉建,陈建宏,周智勇.基于心态指标的煤矿瓦斯爆炸区间数模糊评价[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(2)：83-88
[80]薛河,龚晓燕.矿井局部通风系统可靠性定额的确定[J].煤炭工程师,1996,(5)：25-28.
[81]于晓丹,温锦海,宛剑业.通风机可靠性分析[J].辽宁工学院学报,1998,18(2)：31-34.
[82]徐勇,侯朝桢,杨国胜.系统可靠性分配的神经网络模型[J].系统工程与电子技术,2001,23(1)：90-92.
[83]王洪德,马云东.基于单元特性的通风系统可靠性分配方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(9)：11-15.
[84]王洪德,马云东.基于网络模型的通风系统可靠性分配方法研究[J].煤,2003,12(3)：4-6.
[85]何学明,徐安廷,刘正东.提高矿井通风系统的安全和可靠性[J].煤炭技术,2003,22(1)：46-48.
[86]李希建.提高矿井通风系统可靠性的技术措施[J].煤,2008,17(8)：6-7.
[87]于勇FLUENT入门与进阶教程[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2008.
[88]温正,石良臣,任毅如FLUENT流体计算应用教程[M].北京：清华出版社,2009.
[89]Nyuk Hien Wong, Sani Heryanto. The Study of Active Stack Effect to Enhance Natural Ventilation using Wind Tunnel and Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulations[J]. Energy and Buildings,2004,36 (7):668-678.
[90]Gang Tan, Leon R Glicksman. Application of Integrating Multi-Zone Model with CFD Simulation to Natural Ventilation Prediction[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2005,37 (10):1049-1057.
[91]王从陆,吴超.基于移动参考框架的矿内运输工具活塞风数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(8)：838-841.
[92]王从陆,吴超,王卫军.活塞风数值模拟及在矿内运输巷道中的应用[J].安全与环境学报,2007,7(3)：120-123.
[93]李杰林.矿井自燃火灾烟气流动及热环境的数值模拟分析与评价：[硕士学位论文].长沙,中南大学,2007.
[94]施光燕,董加礼.最优化方法[M].北京,高等教育出版社.
[2]王从陆,吴超.矿井通风及其系统可靠性[M].长沙,中南大学出版社,2007.
[3]王从陆.非灾变时期金属矿复杂矿井通风系统稳定性及数值模拟研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2007.
[4]马云东.矿井广义可靠性理论[M].北京,煤炭工业出版社,1995,116-126.
[5]王海桥.矿井通风网络的通风有效度分析[J].煤炭工程师,1990.6.
[6]基于粗集-神经网络的矿井通风系统可靠性理论与方法研究：[博士学位论文].阜新：辽宁工程技术大学,2004.
[7]贾进章.矿井火灾时期通风系统可靠性研究：[博士学位论文].阜新：辽宁工程技术大学,2004.
[8]贾进章.矿井火灾时期通风系统可靠性[M].阜新,煤炭工业出版社,2005.
[9]刘剑,贾进章,郑丹.流体网络理论[M].阜新,煤炭工业出版社,2002.
[10]贾进章.通风系统可靠性研究：[硕士学位论文].阜新：辽宁工程技术大学,1999.
[11]崔刚,陈开岩.矿井通风系统安全可靠性综合评价方法探讨[J].煤炭科学技术,1999,27(12)：40-43.
[12]Jing Guoxun, Zhang Furen, Pan Qidong, et al. The Grey Multiple Comprehensive Assessment of Safe Reliability of Mine Ventilate System[P]. Proceedings in Mining Science and Safety Technology,2002:335-340.
[13]王洪德,马云东,陈长华.基于粗糙集理论通风系统可靠性神经网络仿真[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003,22(4)：445-447.
[14]张启宇,白冷.矿井通风系统可靠性的统计分析[J].世界采矿快报,1996(17)：14-16.
[15]周静.矿井通风系统可靠性研究：[硕士学位论文].阜新：辽宁工程技术大学,2005.
[16]Singh A K, Ahamad I, Sahay N. Air Leakage through Underground Ventilation Stoppings and In-situ Assessment of Air Leakage Characteristics of Remote Filled Cement Concrete Plug by Tracer Gas Technique[J]. Journal of the Mine Ventilation Society of South Africa,1999,52 (3):102-106.
[17]Hariri S. A Symbolic Reliability Algorithm based on Path and Cutset Methods[J]. Computers,1987,36:34-37.
[18]Fong C C, Buzacot J A. An Algorithm for Symbolic Reliability Computation with Path-sets or Cut-sets[J]. IEEE Trans. Reliability,1987, C-36 (10):12-24.
[19]Mitchell D, Goddlad G. The Use of Safety Related Control Systems in Primary Mine Ventilation Circulation[P]. A First International Conference on the Use of Programmable Electronic Systems in Safety Related Applications,1989,49-54.
[20]Petrov N N, Butorina O S. Reliability Analysis of Ventilation Systems[J]. Soviet Mining Science,1986,22 (6):491-496.
[21]Petrov, Melikhov. Investigation of Strength and Durability of Transmission Shafts of the Main Mine Fans[J].Fiziko Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh,1997,4:78-82.
[22]Schroeder, Christian. Reliability of Main Fans in Coals Mines[J].Glueckauf & Translation,1986,22 (6):491-496.
[23]Stachulak, Jozef S. Surface Mine Fan installations at INCO Limited[J].CIM Bulletin,1996,89 (10):59-62.
[24]曹晋华,程侃.可靠性数学引论(修订版)[M].北京,高等教育出版社,2006.
[25]曹晋华.可靠性数学引论[M].北京,科学出版社,1986.
[26]柳金甫,王义东.概率论与应用统计(经管类)[M].武汉,武汉大学出版社,2006.
[27]卢明银,徐人平.系统可靠性[M].北京,机械工业出版社,2008.
[28]徐竹晕.矿井通风系统优化原理与设计计算方法[M].北京,冶金工业出版社,1996.
[29]王洪德,刘贞堂.矿井通风网络可靠性的定量分析与评价[J].中国矿业大学学报,2007,36(3)：371-375.
[30]贾进章,刘剑,姜克寒.风路可靠度确定数学模型[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005,24(6)：801-804.
[31]张国枢.通风安全学[M].徐州,中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[32]盖德明.矿井通风系统可靠性研究：[硕士学位论文].赣州,江西理工大学,2008.
[33]李艳军.矿井通风系统可靠性分析方法研究：[硕士学位论文].西安,西安科技大学,2008.
[34]任振平.矿井通风系统可靠性分析及应用：[硕士学位论文].唐山,河北理工大学,2008.
[35]曹震宇.矿井通风系统可靠性评价方法研究：[硕士学位论文].太原,太原理工大学,2006.
[36]张志国,曹洋,孙平.对数正态分布参数的精确估计及其应用[J].辽宁科技大学学报,2008,31(3-4)：269-272.
[37]顾益明.分组型数据的产品可靠性的近似极大似然估计[J].上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,30(2)：28-33.
[38]郑明,杨艺.基于分组数据的对数正态分布的参数估计[J].系统工程理论方法应用,2004,13(6)：553-556.
[39]金星,洪延姬.工程系统可靠性数值分析方法[M].国防工业出版社,2002.
[40]Tiwari R K, Verma M. An algbraic technique for reliability evaluation[J]. IEEE Trans Reliability,1980, R-29:311-313.
[41]Fong C C, Buzacott J A. An algorithm for symbolic reliability computayion with path-sets or cut-sets[J]. IEEE Trans Reliability,1987, R-36:34-37.
[42]Locks M O. A minizing Algrithms for sum of disjoint product[J].IEEE Trans Reliability,1987, R-36 (10):445-453.
[43]Hariri S. A symbolic reliability algorithm based on path and cut set methds[J]. IEEE Trans Computers,1987, C-36 (10):1224.
[44]武小悦,沙基昌.构造网络不交化最小路集的一种新算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,(1)：62-66.
[45]贺国光,周良生.基于可靠性单元的网络系统可靠性简化算法[J].机械设计,2008,25(7)：62-65.
[46]张俊生,赵美良.基于拓扑关系的矿井通风网络系统可靠性研究[J].山西煤炭,2009,29(4)：42-44.
[47]邓秋红,赵连昌,王东霞.计算不交和的一个新算法[J].科学技术与工程,2003,3(6)：518-520.
[48]胡聚石.网络可靠度一种新的不交和算法[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),1996,17(6)：676-679.
[49]许君臣.一种网络可靠度分析的不交和算法[J].辽宁工学院学报,1999,19(1)：44-49.
[50]周利华.矿井通风网络最小路集不交化可靠度的计算[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004,(3)：134-138.
[51]周利华.矿井通风网络最小割集不交和可靠度的计算[J].湘潭矿业学院学报,2003,18(1)：10-12.
[52]刘剑,徐瑞龙,李舒伶.风网特征图程序设计原理[J].阜新矿业学院学报(自然科学版),1993,12(3)：20-24.
[53]许升阳,刘剑,徐瑞龙.风网特征图确定通风系统极值流[J].山东矿业学院学报,1993,12(2)：117-120.
[54]徐瑞龙,刘剑,许升阳.矿井的压能图与风网特征图[J].江苏煤炭,1993,(4)： 41-43.
[55]浑宝炬,郭立稳.矿井通风与除尘[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2007.
[56]汪崇鲜,李绪国,谭波.矿井通风系统风量稳定性的影响因素[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(8)：931-935.
[57]黄光球,陆秋琴,郑彦全.通风系统风流稳定性分析的新方法[J].矿冶工程,2005,25(4)：8-11.
[58]崔宣存.吕家坨矿通风系统可靠性与稳定性分析：[硕士学位论文].阜新,辽宁工程技术大学,2007.
[59]李向东.吕家坨矿通风系统稳定性与可靠性研究：[硕士学位论文].阜新,辽宁工程技术大学,2006.
[60]陈长华.风网稳定性的定量分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003,22(3)：292-294.
[61]陈钊.基于灵敏度的通风系统稳定性分析[J].中国煤炭,2007,33(11)：46-47.
[62]贾进章,马恒,刘剑.基于灵敏度的通风系统稳定性分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,21(4)：428-429.
[63]张建华,陈长华.矿井通风网络可靠性定量分析[J].黑龙江科技学院学报,2006,16(1)：12-15.
[64]段东.矿井通风系统拓扑关系自动生成的研究及风网解算：[硕士学位论文].阜新,辽宁工程技术大学,2006.
[65]王雨.矿井通风系统实时模拟与异常风量分析研究：[硕士学位论文].西安,西安科技大学,2006.
[66]王从陆.复杂矿井通风网络解算及参数可调度研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙,中南大学,2003.
[67]朱玉贵,李成龙.用Hardy-Cross法计算机解井巷通风网络[J].金属矿山,2004,8(增刊)：205-207.
[68]陈立.可修冗余系统的可靠性模型研究：[硕士学位论文].兰州,兰州理工大学,2007.
[69]杨会崇,张宇.两部件冷备可修系统可靠性的马氏骨架方法[J].数学理论与应用,2006,26(3)：4-7.
[70]杨会崇.马尔可夫骨架过程在冷储备系统中的应用：[硕士学位论文].长沙,中南大学,2006.
[71]周正伐.可靠性工程基础[M].北京,中国宇航出版社,2009.
[72]王洪德,马云东.基于Markov过程理论的矿用通风机系统可靠性研究[J].安全与环境学报,2004,4(2)：57-59.
[73]王洪德,马云东.基于故障统计模型的可修通风系统可靠性研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(9)：11-15.
[74]王洪德,马云东.基于故障统计模型的可修通风系统可靠性指标体系研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(6)：617-621.
[75]王洪德,姬长发,马云东.基于冷储备可修模型的矿井主扇系统可靠性分析[J].西安科技学院学报,2003,23(3)：253-256.
[76]王洪德,马云东.基于冷储备可修模型的矿井主要通风机系统可靠性分析[J].煤矿安全,2003,34(6)：1-3.
[77]陶新利.矿井局部通风设备故障诊断信息系统研究：[硕士学位论文].西安,西安科技大学,2007.
[78]杨晓勇.矿井局部通风设备系统故障诊断规则获取研究：[硕士学位论文].西安,西安科技大学,2006.
[79]韩玉建,陈建宏,周智勇.基于心态指标的煤矿瓦斯爆炸区间数模糊评价[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(2)：83-88
[80]薛河,龚晓燕.矿井局部通风系统可靠性定额的确定[J].煤炭工程师,1996,(5)：25-28.
[81]于晓丹,温锦海,宛剑业.通风机可靠性分析[J].辽宁工学院学报,1998,18(2)：31-34.
[82]徐勇,侯朝桢,杨国胜.系统可靠性分配的神经网络模型[J].系统工程与电子技术,2001,23(1)：90-92.
[83]王洪德,马云东.基于单元特性的通风系统可靠性分配方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(9)：11-15.
[84]王洪德,马云东.基于网络模型的通风系统可靠性分配方法研究[J].煤,2003,12(3)：4-6.
[85]何学明,徐安廷,刘正东.提高矿井通风系统的安全和可靠性[J].煤炭技术,2003,22(1)：46-48.
[86]李希建.提高矿井通风系统可靠性的技术措施[J].煤,2008,17(8)：6-7.
[87]于勇FLUENT入门与进阶教程[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2008.
[88]温正,石良臣,任毅如FLUENT流体计算应用教程[M].北京：清华出版社,2009.
[89]Nyuk Hien Wong, Sani Heryanto. The Study of Active Stack Effect to Enhance Natural Ventilation using Wind Tunnel and Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulations[J]. Energy and Buildings,2004,36 (7):668-678.
[90]Gang Tan, Leon R Glicksman. Application of Integrating Multi-Zone Model with CFD Simulation to Natural Ventilation Prediction[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2005,37 (10):1049-1057.
[91]王从陆,吴超.基于移动参考框架的矿内运输工具活塞风数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(8)：838-841.
[92]王从陆,吴超,王卫军.活塞风数值模拟及在矿内运输巷道中的应用[J].安全与环境学报,2007,7(3)：120-123.
[93]李杰林.矿井自燃火灾烟气流动及热环境的数值模拟分析与评价：[硕士学位论文].长沙,中南大学,2007.
[94]施光燕,董加礼.最优化方法[M].北京,高等教育出版社.