高校体育教育专业排球普修课多媒体教学软件编制的研究
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摘要
在高校体育专业领域内，对传统的排球教学模式提出质疑，指出采用新的教学模式、新的教学手段和教学方法是适应当前教育改革的必然趋势。将现代教育技术一计算机多媒体技术应用于排球普修课的教学是行之有效的举措。文章先简述了计算机教学在教育改革中的作用，以及它的发展历程与现状。再进一步分析了在体育教育专业领域内，多媒体教学软件的开发还相当的薄弱，本研究就以开发高校体育教育专业的排球普修课的多媒体教学软件为例，提出了开发多媒体教学软件的思路以及研究目标，并对其制作的过程与结果进行了研究与分析。教学设计理论是灵魂，它贯穿于整个软件编制过程，从四个方面来体现：教学目标、教学资源、教学策略、教学评价。教学内容的确定是重点，根据教学目标来确定教学内容；素材的收集(教学资源)是难点，在钻研教材的基础上撰写脚本，根据脚本去收集素材；教学策略体现在信息形式的确定，以及如何使内容与形式协调一致，达到教学最优化的效果；而进行教学评价是本软件质量的保证，在软件的制作的初期，采用系统工程论的原型模型法，开发出实验性小课件，在征求专家的意见的基础上进一步修改、完善、确认软件系统的需求并到达一致的理解，在软件制作的后期，再请专家从软件的稳定性、可操作性、结构的合理性、内容的科学性等方面进行鉴定，最后将软件作实验性投入使用，再让实验对象填写教学反馈信息表。
In the field of PE in colleges and Universities ,with the present educational reform , it's an inexorable trend to question the traditional volleyball teaching mode and to point out the employment of new teaching mode ,new teaching means and new teaching method . It's an
effective measure to apply modern educational technology-
computer multimedia technique to volleyball course .The article first briefly states the importance of computer instruction in educational reform , it's developing history and present situation , then makes a further analysis that the development of multimedia teaching software is still slow in the field of PE . The research , taking the development of multimedia teaching software for volleyball public course of PE major in colleges and universities , for example ,puts forward the train of thought to develop the multimedia teaching software and the research target .The making process and result of the software are studied and analysed .The theory of teaching design is the soul ,which runs through the whole making process of the software . It's reflected in four aspects :teaching target , teaching resources ,teaching tactics and teaching assessment .The determination of teaching contents is the emphasis , and the teaching contents is determined by teaching target ;The collection of material (teaching resources) is the difficulty-compose a script after making a careful study of the
teaching material ,then collect the material according to the script ;Teaching tactics are embodied by the determination of information form and by the way in which the contents accord with the form so as to get the best result in teaching ; Making teaching assessment guarantees the quality of the software .In the early making period , the original model method of system engineering is adopted to produce small experimental courseware and a further revision and improvement are made in consultation with some experts .Also an agreement on the demand of the software system is reached .In the later making period ,the software is appraised by experts from its stability ,serviceability reasonableness of construction ,and the scientific nature of contents ,then it is put into use as an experiment .Finally those who use it are required to fill the teaching feedback table.
In the field of PE in colleges and Universities ,with the present educational reform , it's an inexorable trend to question the traditional volleyball teaching mode and to point out the employment of new teaching mode ,new teaching means and new teaching method . It's an
effective measure to apply modern educational technology-
computer multimedia technique to volleyball course .The article first briefly states the importance of computer instruction in educational reform , it's developing history and present situation , then makes a further analysis that the development of multimedia teaching software is still slow in the field of PE . The research , taking the development of multimedia teaching software for volleyball public course of PE major in colleges and universities , for example ,puts forward the train of thought to develop the multimedia teaching software and the research target .The making process and result of the software are studied and analysed .The theory of teaching design is the soul ,which runs through the whole making process of the software . It's reflected in four aspects :teaching target , teaching resources ,teaching tactics and teaching assessment .The determination of teaching contents is the emphasis , and the teaching contents is determined by teaching target ;The collection of material (teaching resources) is the difficulty-compose a script after making a careful study of the
teaching material ,then collect the material according to the script ;Teaching tactics are embodied by the determination of information form and by the way in which the contents accord with the form so as to get the best result in teaching ; Making teaching assessment guarantees the quality of the software .In the early making period , the original model method of system engineering is adopted to produce small experimental courseware and a further revision and improvement are made in consultation with some experts .Also an agreement on the demand of the software system is reached .In the later making period ,the software is appraised by experts from its stability ,serviceability reasonableness of construction ,and the scientific nature of contents ,then it is put into use as an experiment .Finally those who use it are required to fill the teaching feedback table.
引文
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[12]李永健、何克抗．认知工具—一种以多媒体计算机为基础的学习环境教学设计的新思路[J] 北京师范大学学报(社科版) 1997
[13]毛振明．体育教学改革的现状与展望-体育教学的思考之一 [J] 浙江体育科学 1993
[14]郭兰、张扬．体育教学中多媒体的课件设计与运用 [J] 四川体育科学 1998
[15]刘玫瑾．现代教育技术是体育院校教学改革的重要保证[J] 北京体育大学学报
[16]杨琬．对研制体操技术教学CAI课件的初探[J] 北京体育师范大学学报 1999
[17]杜少武．《田径运动教程》多媒体课件的研制与应用[J] 北京体育大学学报 2000．4
[18]葛春林．排球运动科学研究的现状与发展方向[J] 体育科学学科发展现状与未来 北京体育大学出版 2000
[19]吴中量、李安格．排球[M] 高等教育出版社 1997
[20]虞重干．排球运动[M] 北京：人民体育出版社 1999
[22]黄汉升．排球[M] 北京：人民体育出版社 2001
[23]周子琦．排球-裁判必读[M] 北京体育大学出版社 1998
[24]阿纳金．人物造型高手 poser4[M] 北京希望电子出版社 2000．4
[25]丁新豫、高宇辉．Authorware 5 Attain多媒体程序开发应用指南[M] 人民邮电出版社 1999
[26]宋一兵、孙建军、陈锐．Authorware5.1高级应用技巧[M] 人民邮电出版社．2001
[27]益嘉创作室．Photoshop5.0自学教程[M] 清华大学出版社
[28]崔非．Ulead Mediastudio Pro 5.0多媒体影视制作[M] 人民
邮电出版社 1999
[29]清源计算机工作室．3DS MAX设计宝典[M] 机械工业出版社 1999
[2]陆润民．多媒体设计与制作基础[M]北京：清华大学出版社 1996
[3]Prabhat K．hndleigh & Kiran Thakrar著 徐光佑、史元春译[M]多媒体系统设计 电子工业出版社 1998
[4]齐治昌．软件工程[M]高等教育出版社 1997
[5]尹俊华、庄榕霞．简评教育技术的定义[J] 中国电化教育 1997
[6]刘成新．教育技术的发展与教学过程的变革[J] 中国电化教育
[7]郑少艾．国外计算机辅助教学发展及趋势初探[J] 上海：外国教育资料 1996
[8]黄忠民．CAI教学研究与实践[J]现代教育技术 1998
[9]黎加厚．从课件到积件：我国学校课堂计算机辅助教学的新发展[J]电化教育研究 1997
[10]Collins. A, The Role for Computer Technology in Restrucuring Schools, Phi delta Kappen [J] 1991, pp. 28-36
[11]刘儒德．影响计算机辅助教学效果的因素[J] 中国电化教育
1997．3
[12]李永健、何克抗．认知工具—一种以多媒体计算机为基础的学习环境教学设计的新思路[J] 北京师范大学学报(社科版) 1997
[13]毛振明．体育教学改革的现状与展望-体育教学的思考之一 [J] 浙江体育科学 1993
[14]郭兰、张扬．体育教学中多媒体的课件设计与运用 [J] 四川体育科学 1998
[15]刘玫瑾．现代教育技术是体育院校教学改革的重要保证[J] 北京体育大学学报
[16]杨琬．对研制体操技术教学CAI课件的初探[J] 北京体育师范大学学报 1999
[17]杜少武．《田径运动教程》多媒体课件的研制与应用[J] 北京体育大学学报 2000．4
[18]葛春林．排球运动科学研究的现状与发展方向[J] 体育科学学科发展现状与未来 北京体育大学出版 2000
[19]吴中量、李安格．排球[M] 高等教育出版社 1997
[20]虞重干．排球运动[M] 北京：人民体育出版社 1999
[22]黄汉升．排球[M] 北京：人民体育出版社 2001
[23]周子琦．排球-裁判必读[M] 北京体育大学出版社 1998
[24]阿纳金．人物造型高手 poser4[M] 北京希望电子出版社 2000．4
[25]丁新豫、高宇辉．Authorware 5 Attain多媒体程序开发应用指南[M] 人民邮电出版社 1999
[26]宋一兵、孙建军、陈锐．Authorware5.1高级应用技巧[M] 人民邮电出版社．2001
[27]益嘉创作室．Photoshop5.0自学教程[M] 清华大学出版社
[28]崔非．Ulead Mediastudio Pro 5.0多媒体影视制作[M] 人民
邮电出版社 1999
[29]清源计算机工作室．3DS MAX设计宝典[M] 机械工业出版社 1999