六角孔网格絮凝设备处理不同浊度源水的研究
摘要
我国水资源面临严峻形势,人均淡水资源量低,淡水资源的时空分布不均衡,水资源利用效益差、浪费严重。在水污染治理工程技术发展过程中,新的环境问题不断出现。我国新实施的《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)中,水质监测指标由原来的35项增加到了107项,且浑浊度限定值由原来的3NTU降为1NTU,这就对水污染的治理提出了更高的要求。
针对目前源水水质恶化,水量变化大,提出了新型絮凝设备-六角孔网格絮凝设备的开发与应用。六角孔网格絮凝设备可以根据水质和水量的变化进行方便而有效的调整网片的数量,网眼的尺寸。本文介绍了六角孔网格絮凝设备的设计制作。利用六角孔网格絮凝设备对10NTU,20NTU,100NTU,500NTU的源水进行了反复实验,取得了很好的处理效果。当进水浊度10NTU、色度60PCU时,最佳出水浊度1.96NTU,色度6PCU；当进水浊度20NTU、色度90PCU时,最佳出水浊度2.27NTU,色度10PCU；当进水浊度100NTU、色度500PCU时,最佳出水浊度5.56NTU,色度10PCU；当进水浊度500NTU、色度1800PCU时,最佳出水浊度9.96NTU,色度60PCU。10NTU、20NTU、100NTU、500NTU水的絮体的分析维数分别是2.033,2.335,2.113,2.515,絮体强度分别为0.02136(N·m-2),0.02671 (N·m-2),0.02320 (N·m-2) 0.02980 (N·m-2)。
实验表明水流和絮凝剂通过六角孔网格后能够形成更强的涡旋,大大提高水流的紊乱度,使絮凝剂水解产物向极邻近地区扩散速率提高,达到良好的絮凝效果。同时增大水流的有效过水面积,减小水头损失,缩短絮凝时间,提高出水水质。六角孔网格絮凝设备具有絮凝效果好,絮凝时间短,药剂投加量小,占地少,成本低,抗冲击能力强的的优点。
Water resource in our country faces severe situation:per-person holding rate is very low; water resource can not balance from time and space; the rate of water-using is low. Even though, water pollution seriously happens in our country. In the development of the water processing technology, new environment problem appeared. In the new carried out standard drinking water hygienic standard (GB 5749-2006), the water quality monitoring standard added from 35 items to 107 and turbidity limit from 3NTU to 1NTU, water processing has much higher requirement.
To be directed against the worsen of the water pollution and water quantity change constantly, a new flocculating equipment named Six Kok Perforation Grid Flocculation was developing in this experiment in order to improve those situations. The number and siae of mesh can be changed according to the quality of raw water. In this thesis, the design and make of hexagonal-hole grid system was introduced. The hexagonal-hole grid system is very efficient to deal with 10NTU,20NTU,100NTU,500NTU raw water. The hexagonal-hole grid system is very efficient to deal with different turbidity water. The results show that when turbidity is 10NTU and color is 60PCU, turbidity decreased to 1.96NTU and color to 6.0PCU. When turbidity is 20NTU and color is 90PCU, turbidity decreased to 2.27NTU and color to 10PCU. When turbidity is 100NTU and color is 500PCU, turbidity decreased to 5.56NTU and color to 10PCU. When turbidity is 500NTU and color is 1800PCU, turbidity decreased to 9.96NTU and color to 60.0PCU. Fractal dimension is 2.033,2.335,2.113,2.515. The flocs strength is 0.02136 (N·m-2),0.02671 (N·m-2),0.02320 (N·m-2) 0.02980 (N·m-2)。
Experiments show that raw water and flocculation chemical can form stronger vortex in hexagonal-hole grid system. Turbulence is caused by continuous vortex motion. That can increase the probability of particle collision. So quality of flocculation is very well. Flow area is increased and head loss is decreased. Flocculation time is shorten and quality of effluent water is improved. Hexagonal-hole grid system have a lot of merit, such as good flocculation quality, short flocculation time, little flocculation chemical, little area, low cost, excellent adaptability.
针对目前源水水质恶化,水量变化大,提出了新型絮凝设备-六角孔网格絮凝设备的开发与应用。六角孔网格絮凝设备可以根据水质和水量的变化进行方便而有效的调整网片的数量,网眼的尺寸。本文介绍了六角孔网格絮凝设备的设计制作。利用六角孔网格絮凝设备对10NTU,20NTU,100NTU,500NTU的源水进行了反复实验,取得了很好的处理效果。当进水浊度10NTU、色度60PCU时,最佳出水浊度1.96NTU,色度6PCU；当进水浊度20NTU、色度90PCU时,最佳出水浊度2.27NTU,色度10PCU；当进水浊度100NTU、色度500PCU时,最佳出水浊度5.56NTU,色度10PCU；当进水浊度500NTU、色度1800PCU时,最佳出水浊度9.96NTU,色度60PCU。10NTU、20NTU、100NTU、500NTU水的絮体的分析维数分别是2.033,2.335,2.113,2.515,絮体强度分别为0.02136(N·m-2),0.02671 (N·m-2),0.02320 (N·m-2) 0.02980 (N·m-2)。
实验表明水流和絮凝剂通过六角孔网格后能够形成更强的涡旋,大大提高水流的紊乱度,使絮凝剂水解产物向极邻近地区扩散速率提高,达到良好的絮凝效果。同时增大水流的有效过水面积,减小水头损失,缩短絮凝时间,提高出水水质。六角孔网格絮凝设备具有絮凝效果好,絮凝时间短,药剂投加量小,占地少,成本低,抗冲击能力强的的优点。
Water resource in our country faces severe situation:per-person holding rate is very low; water resource can not balance from time and space; the rate of water-using is low. Even though, water pollution seriously happens in our country. In the development of the water processing technology, new environment problem appeared. In the new carried out standard drinking water hygienic standard (GB 5749-2006), the water quality monitoring standard added from 35 items to 107 and turbidity limit from 3NTU to 1NTU, water processing has much higher requirement.
To be directed against the worsen of the water pollution and water quantity change constantly, a new flocculating equipment named Six Kok Perforation Grid Flocculation was developing in this experiment in order to improve those situations. The number and siae of mesh can be changed according to the quality of raw water. In this thesis, the design and make of hexagonal-hole grid system was introduced. The hexagonal-hole grid system is very efficient to deal with 10NTU,20NTU,100NTU,500NTU raw water. The hexagonal-hole grid system is very efficient to deal with different turbidity water. The results show that when turbidity is 10NTU and color is 60PCU, turbidity decreased to 1.96NTU and color to 6.0PCU. When turbidity is 20NTU and color is 90PCU, turbidity decreased to 2.27NTU and color to 10PCU. When turbidity is 100NTU and color is 500PCU, turbidity decreased to 5.56NTU and color to 10PCU. When turbidity is 500NTU and color is 1800PCU, turbidity decreased to 9.96NTU and color to 60.0PCU. Fractal dimension is 2.033,2.335,2.113,2.515. The flocs strength is 0.02136 (N·m-2),0.02671 (N·m-2),0.02320 (N·m-2) 0.02980 (N·m-2)。
Experiments show that raw water and flocculation chemical can form stronger vortex in hexagonal-hole grid system. Turbulence is caused by continuous vortex motion. That can increase the probability of particle collision. So quality of flocculation is very well. Flow area is increased and head loss is decreased. Flocculation time is shorten and quality of effluent water is improved. Hexagonal-hole grid system have a lot of merit, such as good flocculation quality, short flocculation time, little flocculation chemical, little area, low cost, excellent adaptability.
引文
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[10]张海龙.复合铝铁代硫酸铝净化低温低浊水比较[J].低温建筑技术,2002,(3):69-70.
[11]张跃军,赵晓蕾,李潇潇等.处理低温、低浊宁波白溪水库水的混凝剂优化.[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(13)：52-55.
[12]BauerD, Killmann E, JaegerW. Flocculation and stabilization of colloidal silica by the adsorp tion of poly-dially-dimethyl-ammoniumchloride (PDADMAC) and of copolymers of DADMAC with N-methyl-Nvinyl-acetamide(NMVA) [J]. Colloid Polym Sci,1998,276 (8):698-708.
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[15]王兴戬,赵丽君.微絮凝过滤工艺预处理低浊度海水[J].中国给水排水,2004,20(3):47-49.
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[21]刘丽君,改进机械加速澄清池对提高水处理能力的作用[J].内蒙古科技与经济,2005,16,68-69.
[22]KEMPENEERS S, Van M F,GILLE L. A decade of large scale experience in dissolved air flotation [J]. Wat Sci Tech.,2001,43(8):27-34.
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[24]王永磊,贾瑞宝,张克峰.新型浮滤池净水装置处理引黄水库水试验研究[J].水处理技术.2009,35(6)：67-70.
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