桥梁伸缩装置与支座全寿命研究
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摘要
二十世纪九十年代后期,欧美等发达国家在第二次世界大战结束后修建的大量基础设施逐渐进入了养护维修高峰期。由此引发的经济损失、舆论压力等多种问题引起了桥梁工程界的重视,相关研究工作全面展开,寿命周期分析方法在国际上逐步发展起来。受到国际上有关全寿命研究的启发,桥梁工程全寿命的概念迅速在国内工程界得到重视。2009年,由中交公路规划设计院、同济大学、长安大学、北京工业大学联合承担的交通部西部交通科技项目“桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究”正式通过交通部专家组鉴定验收,并被评为中交股份科技进步特等奖。
本文作为西部交通建设科技项目“桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究”的一个组成部分,以河南省四条国道省道桥梁调查统计资料为基础,其主要研究内容如下：
1.以板式橡胶伸缩装置为例建立有限元模型,应用疲劳累积损伤理论对其进行疲劳破坏分析正常使用的寿命估算,给出板式橡胶伸缩装置使用寿命的建议值。
2.以橡胶支座和钢支座为例,分别应用橡胶老化理论和疲劳试验对其进行正常使用的寿命估算。通过橡胶老化理论给出橡胶支座理论寿命,通过疲劳试验给出了钢支座的疲劳寿命。
3.从全寿命的角度出发,研究讨论了伸缩装置与支座的耐久性、可修性、可换性设计,给出了伸缩装置与支座的施工工艺和养护注意事项。
通过以上研究得出：应从规划、设计、施工、管养、拆除等五个阶段,全面分析研究桥梁构件的全寿命历程。嵌固对接式伸缩装置耐久性明显优于其它类型伸缩装置,是因为其设计相对比较合理。板式橡胶伸缩装置的正常设计使用寿命受限于锚固区混凝土的疲劳寿命,大约为13年。橡胶支座的设计使用寿命建议值为50年。钢支座的疲劳寿命——不疲劳(即能达到其设计年限)。
On later stage of 1990s, a large amount of infrastructure built after the developed country is in World WarⅡwas finished in America and Europe entered the peak period of maintaining gradually. Therefore many kinds of questions such as economic losses, pressure of public opinion initiated have caused the attention of bridge engineering world, relevant research work launch in an all-round way, the analytical method of life cycle is developed progressively in the world.In the world about the whole life-span inspiration that study, bridge engineering world pay attention to the whole concept of life-span in domestic project circle rapidly. In 2009, the scientific and technological project "the design theory of the whole life-span of science of bridge building and method research" of western traffic, undertaken by the China Highway Planning and Design Institute, Tongji University, Chang'an University, Beijing University, obtained the official identification of acceptance by the Ministry of Communications Expert Group, and got the scientific and technological progress special grand prize.of China Communications Construction Co., Ltd.
This text is regarded as the western scientific and technological project of traffic construction "The design theory of the whole life-span of science of bridge building and method research "One piece component. Investigate the statistical data as the foundation with four bridges of provincial highway of national road of Henan Province, The main contents are as follows:
1.Take rubbery expansion joint as an example and set up the finite element model, employ and accumulate the theory of damaging to destroy and analyze the life-span used to their tiredly normally to estimate tiredly, provide the suggestion value of service life of rubbery expansion joint.
2.Take rubber bearing and steel bearing as example, employ rubbery aging theory and tired to test, estimate to life-span used. Provide rubber bearing the theory life-span of seats through the rubbery aging theory, has tapped to the fatigue life of the steel bearing through the tired test.
3.Proceed from angle of the whole life-span, discussed durability, can building, can changing design of expansion joint and bearing, provide its construction craft and maintain attentive matters.
Can work out through the above research:Should be from planning, design, construction, maintenance, dismantlement for five stages, analyse and research the whole life-span course of the component of the bridge in an all-round way. It is more rational of retractor device of built-in butted bridge, durability is obviously superior to the expansion joint of other types. Normal design service life of rubbery expansion joint limited to fatigue life of concrete, it was probably 13. The proposing value of service life of design was 50 of rubber bearing. The fatigue life of steel bearing is non-tired (Can reach its service life of design).
本文作为西部交通建设科技项目“桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究”的一个组成部分,以河南省四条国道省道桥梁调查统计资料为基础,其主要研究内容如下：
1.以板式橡胶伸缩装置为例建立有限元模型,应用疲劳累积损伤理论对其进行疲劳破坏分析正常使用的寿命估算,给出板式橡胶伸缩装置使用寿命的建议值。
2.以橡胶支座和钢支座为例,分别应用橡胶老化理论和疲劳试验对其进行正常使用的寿命估算。通过橡胶老化理论给出橡胶支座理论寿命,通过疲劳试验给出了钢支座的疲劳寿命。
3.从全寿命的角度出发,研究讨论了伸缩装置与支座的耐久性、可修性、可换性设计,给出了伸缩装置与支座的施工工艺和养护注意事项。
通过以上研究得出：应从规划、设计、施工、管养、拆除等五个阶段,全面分析研究桥梁构件的全寿命历程。嵌固对接式伸缩装置耐久性明显优于其它类型伸缩装置,是因为其设计相对比较合理。板式橡胶伸缩装置的正常设计使用寿命受限于锚固区混凝土的疲劳寿命,大约为13年。橡胶支座的设计使用寿命建议值为50年。钢支座的疲劳寿命——不疲劳(即能达到其设计年限)。
On later stage of 1990s, a large amount of infrastructure built after the developed country is in World WarⅡwas finished in America and Europe entered the peak period of maintaining gradually. Therefore many kinds of questions such as economic losses, pressure of public opinion initiated have caused the attention of bridge engineering world, relevant research work launch in an all-round way, the analytical method of life cycle is developed progressively in the world.In the world about the whole life-span inspiration that study, bridge engineering world pay attention to the whole concept of life-span in domestic project circle rapidly. In 2009, the scientific and technological project "the design theory of the whole life-span of science of bridge building and method research" of western traffic, undertaken by the China Highway Planning and Design Institute, Tongji University, Chang'an University, Beijing University, obtained the official identification of acceptance by the Ministry of Communications Expert Group, and got the scientific and technological progress special grand prize.of China Communications Construction Co., Ltd.
This text is regarded as the western scientific and technological project of traffic construction "The design theory of the whole life-span of science of bridge building and method research "One piece component. Investigate the statistical data as the foundation with four bridges of provincial highway of national road of Henan Province, The main contents are as follows:
1.Take rubbery expansion joint as an example and set up the finite element model, employ and accumulate the theory of damaging to destroy and analyze the life-span used to their tiredly normally to estimate tiredly, provide the suggestion value of service life of rubbery expansion joint.
2.Take rubber bearing and steel bearing as example, employ rubbery aging theory and tired to test, estimate to life-span used. Provide rubber bearing the theory life-span of seats through the rubbery aging theory, has tapped to the fatigue life of the steel bearing through the tired test.
3.Proceed from angle of the whole life-span, discussed durability, can building, can changing design of expansion joint and bearing, provide its construction craft and maintain attentive matters.
Can work out through the above research:Should be from planning, design, construction, maintenance, dismantlement for five stages, analyse and research the whole life-span course of the component of the bridge in an all-round way. It is more rational of retractor device of built-in butted bridge, durability is obviously superior to the expansion joint of other types. Normal design service life of rubbery expansion joint limited to fatigue life of concrete, it was probably 13. The proposing value of service life of design was 50 of rubber bearing. The fatigue life of steel bearing is non-tired (Can reach its service life of design).
引文
[1]长安大学.西安桥梁调查资料汇总报告[R].西安：长安大学,2005
[2]长安大学.国内典型桥梁调查报告[R].西安：长安大学,2005
[3]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁全寿命设计现状综述[R],2005
[4]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究研究大纲[R],2005
[5]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究专题研究之十桥梁寿命周期设计指南研究报告[R],2008
[6]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究总研究报告第八章桥梁附属设施全寿命设计导则研究[R],2008
[7]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究总研究报告专题研究报告之八桥梁附属设施全寿命设计导则[R],2008
[8]金吉寅,冯郁芬,郭临义.桥梁附属构造与支座[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1991
[9]张志清,刘国,张鹏.桥梁橡胶伸缩缝设计方法的探讨[J].东北林业大学学报,1998(02)
[10]王岚岚.大跨度桥梁伸缩装置的研究[D].西安：长安大学,2006
[11]张玉恒.适合中小桥梁伸缩缝单缝伸缩装置[P].中国专利：CN2268723,1997-11-26
[12]张玉恒.钢板组合式桥梁伸缩缝装置[P].中国专利：CN2320657,1999-05-26
[13]周小龙.浅谈桥面伸缩缝装置的维修养护[J].山西交通科技,2005.02
[14]李文孝.桥面伸缩缝施工[J].东北公路,2001.03
[15]王小荣.桥梁毛勒伸缩缝施工[J].中国新技术新产品,2010,(02)：62
[16]刘凤辉,蒋勇,唐喜平,等.一般桥梁伸缩装置设计的计算分析[J].北方交通,2010,(02)：82-83
[17]王晓霞.桥梁设计中的结构耐久性问题研究[J].山西建筑,2010,(07)：280-281
[18]康建强.桥梁设计施工常见缺陷[J].交通世界(建养.机械),2010,(01)：137-138
[19]许茂海,褚福军.试论桥梁伸缩装置的设计与计算[J].呼伦贝尔学院学报,2007,(06)
[20]王念力,张宏生.一种高精度几何非线性递推凝聚梁单元[J].中国工程机械学报, 2008(01)
[21]薛伟强.桥梁伸缩装置的选型与安装[J].工程与建设,2006,(03)
[22]于晓晴,张海涛.桥梁伸缩装置病害分析及对策研究[J].公路交通技术,2007,(02)
[23]阴存欣.铁路桥梁纵向附加力的静动力非红性分析与仿真研究[D].铁道部科学研究院,2000
[24]吴彬.铅芯橡胶支座力学性能及其在桥梁工程中减、隔震应用的研究[D].铁道部科学研究院,2003
[25]邢艳,谭永朝,俞菊虎.钱江四桥大吨位抗震球形支座技术研究[J].桥梁建设,2003,(05)
[26]常丽蕙.青藏铁路拉萨河特大桥铰轴滑板钢支座设计[J].铁道标准设计,2004,(12)
[27]李淑文.复杂隔震结构地震反应分析与橡胶垫布置优化[D].北京工业大学,2007
[28]张大鹏.桥梁支座滑板／聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯摩擦磨损行为的试验研究[D]西南交通大学,2008
[29]李军.超大吨位球型支座的结构设计[D].重庆大学,2006
[30]王元清,李吉勤,陈慧婷,等.大吨位拉压支座及其连接的实验研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2008,(03)
[31]曾德民.橡胶隔震支座的刚度特征与隔震建筑的性能试验研究[D].中国建筑科学研究院,2007
[32]周明华.橡胶支座的应用前景与质量忧患[J].桥梁建设,2003,(04)
[33]刘俊,高静青,徐升桥,等.球形钢支座构造间隙与钢轨支点横向相对位移关系的研究[J].铁道标准设计,2009,(07)
[34]王宏谋.桥梁盆式橡胶支座的研究与应用[D].西南交通大学,2008
[35]田勇.网架、橡胶支座与支承框架动力相互作用的研究[D].西安理工大学,2007
[2]长安大学.国内典型桥梁调查报告[R].西安：长安大学,2005
[3]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁全寿命设计现状综述[R],2005
[4]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究研究大纲[R],2005
[5]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究专题研究之十桥梁寿命周期设计指南研究报告[R],2008
[6]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究总研究报告第八章桥梁附属设施全寿命设计导则研究[R],2008
[7]中交公路规划设计院,同济大学,长安大学,北京工业大学.桥梁工程全寿命设计理论与方法研究总研究报告专题研究报告之八桥梁附属设施全寿命设计导则[R],2008
[8]金吉寅,冯郁芬,郭临义.桥梁附属构造与支座[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1991
[9]张志清,刘国,张鹏.桥梁橡胶伸缩缝设计方法的探讨[J].东北林业大学学报,1998(02)
[10]王岚岚.大跨度桥梁伸缩装置的研究[D].西安：长安大学,2006
[11]张玉恒.适合中小桥梁伸缩缝单缝伸缩装置[P].中国专利：CN2268723,1997-11-26
[12]张玉恒.钢板组合式桥梁伸缩缝装置[P].中国专利：CN2320657,1999-05-26
[13]周小龙.浅谈桥面伸缩缝装置的维修养护[J].山西交通科技,2005.02
[14]李文孝.桥面伸缩缝施工[J].东北公路,2001.03
[15]王小荣.桥梁毛勒伸缩缝施工[J].中国新技术新产品,2010,(02)：62
[16]刘凤辉,蒋勇,唐喜平,等.一般桥梁伸缩装置设计的计算分析[J].北方交通,2010,(02)：82-83
[17]王晓霞.桥梁设计中的结构耐久性问题研究[J].山西建筑,2010,(07)：280-281
[18]康建强.桥梁设计施工常见缺陷[J].交通世界(建养.机械),2010,(01)：137-138
[19]许茂海,褚福军.试论桥梁伸缩装置的设计与计算[J].呼伦贝尔学院学报,2007,(06)
[20]王念力,张宏生.一种高精度几何非线性递推凝聚梁单元[J].中国工程机械学报, 2008(01)
[21]薛伟强.桥梁伸缩装置的选型与安装[J].工程与建设,2006,(03)
[22]于晓晴,张海涛.桥梁伸缩装置病害分析及对策研究[J].公路交通技术,2007,(02)
[23]阴存欣.铁路桥梁纵向附加力的静动力非红性分析与仿真研究[D].铁道部科学研究院,2000
[24]吴彬.铅芯橡胶支座力学性能及其在桥梁工程中减、隔震应用的研究[D].铁道部科学研究院,2003
[25]邢艳,谭永朝,俞菊虎.钱江四桥大吨位抗震球形支座技术研究[J].桥梁建设,2003,(05)
[26]常丽蕙.青藏铁路拉萨河特大桥铰轴滑板钢支座设计[J].铁道标准设计,2004,(12)
[27]李淑文.复杂隔震结构地震反应分析与橡胶垫布置优化[D].北京工业大学,2007
[28]张大鹏.桥梁支座滑板／聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯摩擦磨损行为的试验研究[D]西南交通大学,2008
[29]李军.超大吨位球型支座的结构设计[D].重庆大学,2006
[30]王元清,李吉勤,陈慧婷,等.大吨位拉压支座及其连接的实验研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2008,(03)
[31]曾德民.橡胶隔震支座的刚度特征与隔震建筑的性能试验研究[D].中国建筑科学研究院,2007
[32]周明华.橡胶支座的应用前景与质量忧患[J].桥梁建设,2003,(04)
[33]刘俊,高静青,徐升桥,等.球形钢支座构造间隙与钢轨支点横向相对位移关系的研究[J].铁道标准设计,2009,(07)
[34]王宏谋.桥梁盆式橡胶支座的研究与应用[D].西南交通大学,2008
[35]田勇.网架、橡胶支座与支承框架动力相互作用的研究[D].西安理工大学,2007