印染加工对形状记忆面料的影响
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摘要
本文用红外光谱、扫描电镜、差示热分析以及X-射线衍射测试了SMPET织物和SMPTT织物两种记忆面料的基本结构,研究了碱减量工艺(时间、温度、碱浓度),高温染色工艺(温度和时间),载体染色工艺(温度、时间、载体浓度、载体种类)和热定型工艺(温度和时间)对形状记忆织物结构与性能的影响,用减量率衡量碱减量加工效果,上染百分率衡量染色性能,折皱回复角衡量形状记忆织物的形状记忆效果,并测试了印染加工对纤维结晶度的影响。
研究结果表明:SMPET纤维和SMPTT纤维都属于聚酯结构;SMPET的热性能与常规PET纤维类似,而SMPTT则较低;SMPET纤维对碱敏感,适合碱减量加工,而SMPTT不适合碱减量加工;SMPTT织物较SMPET织物易于染色;载体的加入会影响纤维的平衡上染百分率,但有利于形状记忆特征的保持;印染加工温度对形状记忆织物记忆性的影响最大,体现在折皱回复率的变化上,且对SMPET织物影响要比SMPTT织物大;印染加工不会影响SMPET纤维和SMPTT纤维的结晶结构,但会影响纤维的结晶度。
This paper studies the structure of SMPET and SMPTT fiber though FT-IR、SEM、TG-DTA and WAXD. The effect of dyeing and finishing processing on the structure and properties of the SMPET and SMPTT fiber were studied though alkali treatment (temperature、time and alkali concentration), high temperature and pressure dyeing (temperature and time), carrier dyeing (temperature, time and carrier concentration) and thermosetting (temperature and time). Alkali deweighting, dye uptake ratio, wrinkle recovery ratio and crystallinity were tested to value the effect of the treatment.
Our study shows that both SMPET and SMPTT fibers were belonged to Polyester; thermal property of SMPET was similar to ordinary PET fiber, while SMPTT fiber was lower; SMPET fiber was sensitive to alkali and alkali treatment was suitable for SMPET fiber, but not for SMPTT. SMPTT fabric was easy to dye compared to SMPET fabric; Carrier added in the dyeing bath affected the balance uptake ratio, but was benefited to the shape memory property remain; Temperature was the most affective factor to the shape memory property of the fabric, approved by the change of the wrinkle recovery ratio, and it affected the SMPET fabric greater than the SMPTT fabric. Crystalline structure of SMPET and SMPTT fiber unchanged after alkali and thermosetting treatments, while their crystallinity changed.
研究结果表明:SMPET纤维和SMPTT纤维都属于聚酯结构;SMPET的热性能与常规PET纤维类似,而SMPTT则较低;SMPET纤维对碱敏感,适合碱减量加工,而SMPTT不适合碱减量加工;SMPTT织物较SMPET织物易于染色;载体的加入会影响纤维的平衡上染百分率,但有利于形状记忆特征的保持;印染加工温度对形状记忆织物记忆性的影响最大,体现在折皱回复率的变化上,且对SMPET织物影响要比SMPTT织物大;印染加工不会影响SMPET纤维和SMPTT纤维的结晶结构,但会影响纤维的结晶度。
This paper studies the structure of SMPET and SMPTT fiber though FT-IR、SEM、TG-DTA and WAXD. The effect of dyeing and finishing processing on the structure and properties of the SMPET and SMPTT fiber were studied though alkali treatment (temperature、time and alkali concentration), high temperature and pressure dyeing (temperature and time), carrier dyeing (temperature, time and carrier concentration) and thermosetting (temperature and time). Alkali deweighting, dye uptake ratio, wrinkle recovery ratio and crystallinity were tested to value the effect of the treatment.
Our study shows that both SMPET and SMPTT fibers were belonged to Polyester; thermal property of SMPET was similar to ordinary PET fiber, while SMPTT fiber was lower; SMPET fiber was sensitive to alkali and alkali treatment was suitable for SMPET fiber, but not for SMPTT. SMPTT fabric was easy to dye compared to SMPET fabric; Carrier added in the dyeing bath affected the balance uptake ratio, but was benefited to the shape memory property remain; Temperature was the most affective factor to the shape memory property of the fabric, approved by the change of the wrinkle recovery ratio, and it affected the SMPET fabric greater than the SMPTT fabric. Crystalline structure of SMPET and SMPTT fiber unchanged after alkali and thermosetting treatments, while their crystallinity changed.
引文
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[2]韩永良.热致感应型形状记忆纤维与凝胶的制备及其性能研究[D].硕士学位论文.天津工业大学.2005.1.
[3]张福强.形状记忆高分子材料[J].高分子通报,1993,34(1):28-31.
[4]舟久保,熙康编,千东范译.形状记忆合金[M].机械工业出版社,1992,9.
[5][34]Andreas Lendlein,Steffen Kelch. Shape-Memory Polymers [J]. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed,2002,41:2034-2057.
[6]白越,刘徽,陈东生.功能纺织品用于防护服的探讨[J].纺织学报,2005,26(1):129-131.
[7]杨青,郑百林,武秀根,贺鹏飞.形状记忆高分子材料记忆行为机理的理论分析[J].材料工程,2006,增刊 1:492-294.
[8]曹一平.具有形状记忆性能的氢键聚合物网络复合物的研究[D].博士学位论文.中国科学院成都有机化学研究所,2003.6.
[9]G.Zhu,G.Liang,Q.Xu,Q.Yu.Shape-Memory Effects of Radiation Crosslinked Poly(ε-caprolactone)[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2003,Vol.90:1589–1595.
[10]Byoung Chul Chun,Sang Hyuk Cha,Yong-Chan Chung,Jae Whan Cho. Enhanced Dynamic Mechanical and Shape-Memory Properties of a Poly(ethylene terephthalate)-Poly(ethyleneglycol) Copolymer Crosslinked by Maleic Anhydride[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2002,Vol.83:27–37.
[11]Chu Park,Joon Yu Lee,Byoung Chu Chun,Yong-Chan Chung,Jae Whan Cho, Bong Gyoo Cho.Shape Memory Effect of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) and Poly(ethylene glycol) Copolymer Cross-linked with Glycerol and Sulfoisophthalate Group and Its Application to Impact-Absorbing Composite Material[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2004,Vol.94:308–316.
[12]张建春.高新技术在纺织工业中的应用和发展前景[J].毛纺科技,2001,3:3-8.
[13]王锦成,李光,杨胜林等.高分子材料的智能性及其应用[J].合成技术及应用,2007,4:17-21.
[14]赵桦萍,梁敏,李青山.智能高分子材料的开发与应用[J].化工时刊,1997,11(6):13-15.
[15]王诗任,徐修成,过梅丽等.EVA 形状记忆效应的综合评价和分析[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2000,Vol.16,No.5:78-80.
[16]张福强.PU系列弹性记忆材料的开发[J].合成树脂及塑料,1993,Vol.10:63-68.
[17]任金龙.防水透湿织物的发展与展望[J].丝绸,2004,8:42-44.
[18]赵明川.热致形状记忆多嵌段聚氨酯的研究[D].硕士学位论文.中国科学技术大学.1997.5.
[19]Byoung Chul Chun,Tae Keun Cho,Yong-Chan Chung.Blocking of Soft Segments with Different Chain Lengths and Its Impact on the Shape Memory Propertyof Polyurethane Copolymer[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2007,Vol.103:1435–1441.
[20]Bo Sun Lee,Byoung Chul Chun,Yong-Chan Chung,Kyung Sul,Jae Whan Cho.Structure and Thermomechanical Properties of Polyurethane Block Copolymers with Shape Memory Effect[J].Macromolecules,2001,Vol.34:6431-6437.
[21]张福强.反式聚异戊二稀形状记忆树脂[J].天津化工,1993,3:24-30.
[22]杜密宇,万振江.智能材料在纺织中的应用[J].北京纺织,2003,Vol.24,No.6:60-61.
[23]HU Jin-lian(胡金莲),DING Xue-mei(丁雪梅),TAO Xiao-ming(陶肖明),YU Jian-ming(于建明).Shape Memory Polymers and Their Applications to Smart Textile Products[J].Journal of Dong Hua University(Eng.E d.),2002,Vol.19,No.3:89-93.
[24]刘岩,胡金莲.形状记忆纺织品的制备及其发展前景[J].纺织科技进展,2005,5:7-9.
[25]于晓.不同拉伸比的形状记忆纤维的结构与性能研究[D].硕士学位论文.天津工业大学.2007.2.
[26]黄玲.棉织物抗皱整理剂进展(一)[J].印染,2003,No.08:47-50.
[27]张俊,赵建平,王祥荣.免烫树脂 FR-E 对大豆蛋白织物的抗皱整理[J].毛纺科技,2005,4:9-14.
[28]陈江丽,徐枫,李茂松,周文龙.热反应型聚氨酯对真丝的免烫整理性能初探[J].浙江理工大学学报,2006,Vol.23,No.1,13-16.
[29]冯家好,李俊,程春娇.丝素蛋白对棉织物整理[J].丝绸,2007,1:31-33.
[30]黄玲,吕艳萍,李临生.棉织物抗皱整理剂进展(二)[J].印染,2003,No.09:43-46.
[31]陈松.免烫整理的现状及展望[J].四川纺织科技,2000,3:1-3.
[32]王春梅,缪勤华.醚化 2D 树脂潮态交联工艺[J].印染,2007,No.3:31-33.
[33]王国伟,庄玲华.多元羧酸抗皱整理剂 DETA 的合成[J].印染助剂,2006,Vol.23,No.11:24-26.
[34]卢雨正,高卫东,王鸿.博织物抗皱性能的评价方法[J].丝绸,2005,11:22-723.
[35]张辉,朱华,张建春.织物弯曲、折皱和悬垂性能的比较研究[J].毛纺科技,2003,03:58-61.
[36]张宏伟,赵海梅,万雅波等.水解淀粉与乙二醛对棉织物的抗皱整理[J].纺织学报,2007,28(3):72-75.
[37]刘昭雪.棉织物抗皱整理工艺[J].印染,2007(13):26-28.
[38]米文权.形状记忆金属在服饰中的应用[J].金属世界,2003(2):15.
[39]纪桂生.聚酯纤维碱水解机理与工艺研究[J].纺织学报,1981,(5):63-67.
[40]白秀娥,管新海.碱处理对 PTT 纤维结构性能的影响[J].合成纤维,2006,No.11:12-14.
[41]郑今欢,殷瑛,关艳锋,邵建中.碱处理对 PTT 纤维形态结构和力学性能的影响[J].纺织学报,2006,Vol.27,No.12:44-47.
[42]金咸穰.染整工艺实验[M].中国纺织出版社,2000,5:193-195,233-240.
[43]胡韵,朱亚伟,陆佳英.PTT 和 PET 纤维碱减量的差异[J].四川丝绸,2005,(2):24-26.
[44]宋心远,沈煜如.新合纤染整[M].中国纺织出版社,1997,11.
[45]董召勤.PTT纤维的染色性能研究[D].硕士论文.苏州:苏州大学,2004.6.
[46]陈可权.染色对 PTT 纤维聚集态结构的影响[J].合成纤维工业,2005,(6).
[47]武绍学,曹书梅.分散染料涤纶常压染色新型载体的研究[J].山东纺织科技,1999,4:6-9.
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