近自然森林经营辅助设计系统的研发
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摘要
自从近自然的森林经营技术引入我国开展实践以来,越来越多的人投入到近自然林业的研究中去,并且加以重视。本文首先介绍了近自然森林经营在国内外的研究现状,阐述了近自然森林经营辅助设计系统研发的研究目的和意义,并且从理论和技术体系两方面,总结了近自然森林经营的相关知识。
另外,为了满足近自然林业生产建设和发展的需要,利用Visual Basic 6.0开发语言和Access数据库相结合,采用C/S(Client/Serve)系统架构为开发模式,开发了近自然森林经营辅助设计系统。该系统为一个可视化的辅助设计系统,能够实现数据管理、数据统计、分布图、动态生长、生长模型、作业设计等相关的功能,为数据库表建立统一的模板,提高整合性和利用率,满足森林经营的信息需求,实现了树木空间位置分布图,帮助确定抚育择伐的具体目标,动态分析则及时了解到经营活动对森林各项指标的影响情况,帮助制定和调整相应的作业计划,使得森林经营更科学化、自动化、规范化,为林业部门合理地进行近自然森林经营管理、实现森林资源的可持续发展、分类经营和做出正确的经营决策提供了可操作性。
最后,以北京刺槐林数据为实例,成功地应用了该系统所实现的功能。
Since the close-to-nature forest management technology introduced and practised in our country, more and more researchers have joined the study of close-to-nature forest, and paid attention to it. Firstly, the close-to-natural forest concepts and the present research status domestic and abroad are introduced in the paper, and then the research purpose and meaning of the close-to-natural forest management are also described. According to the two aspects of the theoretical and technical systems, the related close-to-natural forest knowledge is summarized.
In addition, to satisfy the requirements of the forest construction and development, the close-to-natural forest management aided design system is developed based on the visual basic 6.0 development language and Access database, and the C/S (Client/Server) architecture system is adopted as the development mode. The system is a visual assistant system, which can realize the functions, such as the data management, data statistic, distribution map, dynamic growth, growth model, and operational design etc. The system can set up unifeid template for the database table, improve the integration and utilization, satisfy the information requirement of forest management, realiza the space position distribution map of tree, and help to determine the goal of improvement-selection cutting. According to the dynamic analysis, the influences of the management actions to the forest indexes can be investigated in time, help to establish and adjust the working plan. The system can be maken forest management more scientific, automatic and standardized, and provide an assistant decision-making tool for the proper managing of the close-to-natural forest management, realizing the sustainable development and classification management of forest resource, and making suitable management decision.
Finally, taking the data of Beijing Locust Forest as example, the proposed system is applied in the Beijing Locust Forest, and the related functions are realized successfully.
另外,为了满足近自然林业生产建设和发展的需要,利用Visual Basic 6.0开发语言和Access数据库相结合,采用C/S(Client/Serve)系统架构为开发模式,开发了近自然森林经营辅助设计系统。该系统为一个可视化的辅助设计系统,能够实现数据管理、数据统计、分布图、动态生长、生长模型、作业设计等相关的功能,为数据库表建立统一的模板,提高整合性和利用率,满足森林经营的信息需求,实现了树木空间位置分布图,帮助确定抚育择伐的具体目标,动态分析则及时了解到经营活动对森林各项指标的影响情况,帮助制定和调整相应的作业计划,使得森林经营更科学化、自动化、规范化,为林业部门合理地进行近自然森林经营管理、实现森林资源的可持续发展、分类经营和做出正确的经营决策提供了可操作性。
最后,以北京刺槐林数据为实例,成功地应用了该系统所实现的功能。
Since the close-to-nature forest management technology introduced and practised in our country, more and more researchers have joined the study of close-to-nature forest, and paid attention to it. Firstly, the close-to-natural forest concepts and the present research status domestic and abroad are introduced in the paper, and then the research purpose and meaning of the close-to-natural forest management are also described. According to the two aspects of the theoretical and technical systems, the related close-to-natural forest knowledge is summarized.
In addition, to satisfy the requirements of the forest construction and development, the close-to-natural forest management aided design system is developed based on the visual basic 6.0 development language and Access database, and the C/S (Client/Server) architecture system is adopted as the development mode. The system is a visual assistant system, which can realize the functions, such as the data management, data statistic, distribution map, dynamic growth, growth model, and operational design etc. The system can set up unifeid template for the database table, improve the integration and utilization, satisfy the information requirement of forest management, realiza the space position distribution map of tree, and help to determine the goal of improvement-selection cutting. According to the dynamic analysis, the influences of the management actions to the forest indexes can be investigated in time, help to establish and adjust the working plan. The system can be maken forest management more scientific, automatic and standardized, and provide an assistant decision-making tool for the proper managing of the close-to-natural forest management, realizing the sustainable development and classification management of forest resource, and making suitable management decision.
Finally, taking the data of Beijing Locust Forest as example, the proposed system is applied in the Beijing Locust Forest, and the related functions are realized successfully.
引文
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2.杜金泽,史军海.把近自然森林经营理论技术应用到河北省林业建设中[J].河北林业科技,2005,5：24-27.
3.冯益明,李增禄,王雪峰等.PowerBulider与Visual C结合编制林分生长过程表探析[J].河北农业大学学报,1999,33(2)：134-137.
4.冯益明,李增元,张旭等.林业空间统计学软件设计[J].林业科学,2006,42(增刊1)：10-15.
5.郝云庆,王金锡,王启和等.崇州林场不同林分近自然度分析与经营对策研究[J].四川林业科技.2006,26(2)：20-26.
6.郝云庆,王金锡,王启和等.柳杉纯林改造后林分空间结构变化预测[J].林业科学,2006,42(8)：8-13.
7.何明月,高甲荣,张金瑞.低效、残次防护林的近自然林经营技术[J].林业调查规划,2008,33(3)：84-88.
8.洪玲霞,陆元昌,雷相东等.县级森林资源信息管理系统设计[J].林业科学研究,2005,18(3)：284-291.
9.黄清麟.浅谈德国的”近自然森林经营”[J].世界林业研究,2005,18(3)：73-77.
10.黄选瑞,张玉珍,周怀钧等.对中国林业可持续发展问题的基本认识[J].林业科学,2000,136(14)：85-91.
11.景彦勤,林文卫,邓鉴锋.德国近自然林业经营与管理模式——赴德国林业考察报告[J].广东林业科技,2006,22(3)：113-116.
12.陆元昌,Knut Sturm,甘敬.近自然森林经营的理论技术及在我国林业建设中的应用[M].北京：中国林业出版社.2005：106-120.
13.陆元昌,甘敬.21世纪森林经理发展动态[J].世界林业研究,2002,15(1)：1-11.
14.陆元昌,张守攻.中国天然林保护工程区目前急需解决的技术问题和对策[J].林业科学研究,2003,16(6)：731-738.
15.陆元昌.近自然森林经营的理论与实践[M].北京：科学出版社,2006.
16.陆元昌.森林健康状态监测技术体系综述[J].世界林业研究,2003,26(1)：20-25.
17.陆元昌,Knut Sturm,甘敬等.近自然森林经营的理论体系及在北京市中幼龄林抚育改造中的实践[J].中国造纸学报,2004,19(增刊)：285-289.
18.陆元昌,张守攻,雷相东等.人工林近自然化改造的理论基础和实施技术[J].世界林业研究,2009,22(1)：20-27.
19.陆元昌.以多功能生态林业为目标的近自然森林经理计划体系初步研究[J].首届中国林业学术大会交流论文,2005年11月.
20.孟黎黎,陆元昌,赵天忠等.近自然森林经营目标树作业体系辅助设计系统的研究与开发[J].世界科技研究与发展,2007,29(3)：66-70.
21.孟黎黎.近自然森林经营目标树林分作业辅助设计系统的研究与开发[D].北京：北京林业大学,2006：16-19.
22.宁金魁,陆元昌,赵浩彦等.北京西山地区油松人工林近自然化改造效果初评[J].东北林业大学学报,2009(7)：42-44.
23.彭舜磊,王得祥,赵辉等.我国人工林现状与近自然经营途径探讨[J].西北林学院学报,2008,23(2)：184-188.
24.赛奎春主编.Visual Basic信息系统开发实例精选[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006.
25.邵青还.对近自然林业理论的诠释和对我国林业建设的几项建议[J].世界林业研究,2003,16(6)：1-5.
26.沈烈英,韩玉洁.运用近自然林业经营思想构建上海城市森林体系[J].南京林业大学学报(人文社会科学版),2007,7(1)：93-97.
27.唐守正,冯益明,洪玲霞等.PowerBulider下天然林森林资源数据更新设计与实现[J].林业科学研究,2000,13(4)：439-442.
28.王慧,郭晋平.我国森林抚育间伐研究进展[J].山西林业科技,2008(2)：29-32.
29.王珊,萨师煊.数据库系统概述[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2006.
30.王小平,陆元昌,秦永胜.北京近自然森林经营技术指南[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2008.
31.吴文庆.如何在VB6.0中应用Windows API进行编程[J].广东水利电力职业技术学院学报,2005,3(4)：70-71.
32.许新桥.近自然林业理论概述[J].世界林业研究,2006,19(1)：10-13.
33.许新桥.近自然林业理论评价[J].林业经济,2006(2)：36-38.
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