高压直流输电系统控制保护特性对内过电压的影响
摘要
西电东送、区域联网是我国能源发展的重要战略,直流输电功率调节迅速灵活,输电距离不受同步运行的稳定性限制,是较理想的大功率远距离输电方式。建设直流输电系统时遇到的基本问题之一就是绝缘配合。绝缘配合的中心问题是确定绝缘水平,具体说来就是决定各种绝缘结构进行各种耐压试验时所取的电压水平,而解决绝缘配合问题必须充分掌握过电压的产生及其分布规律。直流输电系统也像其他所有电力系统一样,由于遭受雷击、操作、故障或其他原因而产生各种波形的过电压,过电压问题的研究一直是直流输电领域密切关注的对象。
直流输电系统必须在一定的自动控制下运行,以减小交流系统电压波动的影响,改善运行性能。妥善设计直流系统中的控制保护系统,是降低直流系统内过电压的有效方法之一,但是有关控制保护系统对内过电压的影响的研究还比较少,是以本文以国际大电网会议(CIGRE)提出的高压直流输电系统的标准模型为研究对象,采用电磁暂态仿真软件PSCAD/EMTDC,针对交流接地故障清除、逆变测失去交流源故障、全电压起动故障、甩负荷故障、投入换流变压器这五种产生内过电压的故障,对直流输电控制系统中低压限流环节(VDCOL)的电流整定值,以及整流侧投旁通对控制策略对内过电压的影响进行研究,设计了对比仿真实验,做了大量仿真,用Matlab处理仿真结果,并对结果作出一定的分析。仿真结果表明,VDCOL最小电流限制值取为0.55时,最利于减小系统的内过电压。整流侧旁通对的投入策略对内过电压值的影响比较复杂,需要针对具体问题具体要求采取不同的控制策略。本文的几组实验数据为旁通对的控制策略提供了一定参考。
综上所述,本文主要研究了直流输电系统控制保护特性对内过电压的影响,其结果对减少高压直流输电绝缘设计费用有一定帮助,对高压直流输电过电压分析提供了新思路。
West to east, the regional network is an important strategy for China's energy development. The adjustment of HVDC power is quick and flexible, the transmission distance is limitation from the stability of synchronous operation, so it is an ideal way of high-power long-distance transmission. Insulation coordination is one of the basic problems encountered in construction of HVDC system. The central problem of insulation coordination is to determine the insulation level, specifically, is to determine the voltage level of various insulation structure taken from various pressure test, and to solve the problem of insulation coordination, we must fully grasp the generation and the distribution of over-voltage. DC transmission system is also the same as all other power system, it produce a variety of over-voltage waveform since being struck by lightning, operation, failure or other reasons. The problem of over-voltage is always be concerned in HVDC field.
DC transmission system must be running under the automatic control, to reduce the influence of AC system voltage fluctuations, and to improve the operating performance. Properly designed the control and protection system in DC system, is one of the effective way to reduce the over-voltage in DC system. However, the internal research of over-voltage control and protection system is still relatively small, so the study of this article is based on the standard model of HVDC transmission system proposed by CIGRE, using electromagnetic transient simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC, aiming at five fault (AC earth fault cleared、inverter side AC source failure lost、full-voltage starting fault、failure load rejection、converter transformer input) which will cause over-voltage, researching the influence of over-voltage by VDCOL current setting and the bypass control strategy of rectifier side. The author designed a simulation experiment and done a lot of simulation, further more, the author use matlab to deal with the simulation results and make some analysis. The simulation results shows that the best value of VDCOL current setting for reducing over-voltage is 0.55.The influence of over-voltage by bypass strategy is complex, specific issues need to adopt different control strategies. In this paper several sets of experimental data for the bypass of the control strategy can be used a certain reference.
In summary, this paper studied the influence of over-voltage by HVDC control and protection features. The result will definitely help to reduce the cost of HVDC insulation design and provides a new approach of the High-voltage DC transmission voltage analysis.
直流输电系统必须在一定的自动控制下运行,以减小交流系统电压波动的影响,改善运行性能。妥善设计直流系统中的控制保护系统,是降低直流系统内过电压的有效方法之一,但是有关控制保护系统对内过电压的影响的研究还比较少,是以本文以国际大电网会议(CIGRE)提出的高压直流输电系统的标准模型为研究对象,采用电磁暂态仿真软件PSCAD/EMTDC,针对交流接地故障清除、逆变测失去交流源故障、全电压起动故障、甩负荷故障、投入换流变压器这五种产生内过电压的故障,对直流输电控制系统中低压限流环节(VDCOL)的电流整定值,以及整流侧投旁通对控制策略对内过电压的影响进行研究,设计了对比仿真实验,做了大量仿真,用Matlab处理仿真结果,并对结果作出一定的分析。仿真结果表明,VDCOL最小电流限制值取为0.55时,最利于减小系统的内过电压。整流侧旁通对的投入策略对内过电压值的影响比较复杂,需要针对具体问题具体要求采取不同的控制策略。本文的几组实验数据为旁通对的控制策略提供了一定参考。
综上所述,本文主要研究了直流输电系统控制保护特性对内过电压的影响,其结果对减少高压直流输电绝缘设计费用有一定帮助,对高压直流输电过电压分析提供了新思路。
West to east, the regional network is an important strategy for China's energy development. The adjustment of HVDC power is quick and flexible, the transmission distance is limitation from the stability of synchronous operation, so it is an ideal way of high-power long-distance transmission. Insulation coordination is one of the basic problems encountered in construction of HVDC system. The central problem of insulation coordination is to determine the insulation level, specifically, is to determine the voltage level of various insulation structure taken from various pressure test, and to solve the problem of insulation coordination, we must fully grasp the generation and the distribution of over-voltage. DC transmission system is also the same as all other power system, it produce a variety of over-voltage waveform since being struck by lightning, operation, failure or other reasons. The problem of over-voltage is always be concerned in HVDC field.
DC transmission system must be running under the automatic control, to reduce the influence of AC system voltage fluctuations, and to improve the operating performance. Properly designed the control and protection system in DC system, is one of the effective way to reduce the over-voltage in DC system. However, the internal research of over-voltage control and protection system is still relatively small, so the study of this article is based on the standard model of HVDC transmission system proposed by CIGRE, using electromagnetic transient simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC, aiming at five fault (AC earth fault cleared、inverter side AC source failure lost、full-voltage starting fault、failure load rejection、converter transformer input) which will cause over-voltage, researching the influence of over-voltage by VDCOL current setting and the bypass control strategy of rectifier side. The author designed a simulation experiment and done a lot of simulation, further more, the author use matlab to deal with the simulation results and make some analysis. The simulation results shows that the best value of VDCOL current setting for reducing over-voltage is 0.55.The influence of over-voltage by bypass strategy is complex, specific issues need to adopt different control strategies. In this paper several sets of experimental data for the bypass of the control strategy can be used a certain reference.
In summary, this paper studied the influence of over-voltage by HVDC control and protection features. The result will definitely help to reduce the cost of HVDC insulation design and provides a new approach of the High-voltage DC transmission voltage analysis.
引文
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[11]黄源辉.特高压直流输电系统过电压及其控制保护策略研究.华南理工大学硕士学位论文
[12]Zhao Jie; Wang Gang; Yin Kai; Li Haifeng. Study of overvoltages on/spl plusm /800kV UHVDC transmission system. AC and DC Power Transmission,2006. The 8th IEE International Conference.28-31 March 2006 Page(s):187-191
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[17]赵中原等,高压直流换流站技术现状与发展[J],2002，Vol.35,No.3：48-51.
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