TBC背景下企业高管团队战略决策过程研究
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摘要
人类进入21世纪，企业生存环境变得日趋复杂。公司不断优化资本运作，顾客需求越来越个性化，产品和服务的生命周期缩短，基于时间的竞争策略成为企业高管团队战略决策面临的重要议题。企业高层决策者们意识到：面对一个快速变化的市场格局，实行快速而科学的战略决策，才能对快速变化的环境做出快速的反应。但是，在现实中，快速决策往往不正确，正确的决策往往不快。因此，研究如何在新竞争环境下，快速而正确的战略决策具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本研究从企业高管团队战略决策过程的团队优化配置、团队领导及行为整合和战略决策机制等方面，系统地研究企业高管团队如何实现快速而正确的战略决策过程，得到如下主要创新成果。
首先，论文依据高阶梯队理论和战略决策理论，运用关键事件技术、行为事件访谈等方法构建了基于时间竞争(Time-based Competition，TBC)的企业高管团队战略决策过程的概念模型。在文献研究的基础上，依据西蒙的决策制定过程理论，建立战略决策研究的概念性框架。在此基础上进行问卷调查和对企业高管个案访谈，采用内容分析法对调研访谈资料进行编码分析，对战略决策各阶段的时间分布进行实证分析，揭示企业战略决策过程的时间阶段性特征，构建了基于时间竞争的企业高管团队战略决策过程的概念模型。
其次，实证研究了企业高管团队特征对战略决策速度的影响。揭示了影响企业高管团队战略决策速度的人口统计学及其异质性特征，构建了高管团队战略决策速度的评价指标体系，并运用多元回归分析，建立了基于战略决策速度的高管团队优化配置模型，为在动态竞争环境下的企业高管团队的优化配置提供了理论和实践指导。
然后，采用访谈、半结构化问卷获取原始数据，通过探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析，修订了Simsek(2005)等的团队行为整合量表。通过结构方程建模和多元回归分析，揭示了团队领导风格、高管团队行为整合与战略决策速度的作用机理。并运用团队信任、知识整合、社会资本和团队创造力等理论，构建了高管团队战略决策过程中的团队行为整合机制与决策速度的关系模型。
最后，在文献和实证研究的基础上，比较研究了四种不同决策机制的优缺点，提出了基于博弈论的企业高管团队战略决策的选择机制，分析了团队领导风格、决策顾问的参与、冲突的解决、团队成员决策权的大小以及战略决策情境等因素等对战略决策速度的影响，从而构建了企业高管团队战略决策机制的权变模型。
After entering the 21~(st) century, the surviving environments for the enterprises becomes gradually complex. The companies constantly optimize the capital operation, the customer demand become more and more personalized and the product and service life cycle is shortened, it become important issues facing by the top management team to apply the time-based competitive strategy in their strategic decision-makings. The enterprise top management decision-makers have realized that in the rapidly changing market domain, only the fast and scientific strategic decisions can enable the enterprises' rapid response to the fast changing environment. However, in reality, fast decisions are often incorrect, and the correct decisions are usually slow. Therefore, it has an important theoretic value and practical significance to research on how to achieve the fast and accurate strategic decision in the new competitive environment. This research take the perspectives from the aspects of the team optimize configuration, team leaders style, team behavioral integration and the strategic decision-making mechamsm in the enterprise top management team' strategic decision-making process, systematically studies the process of how business top management team realize the rapid and correct strategy decision, and mainly obtains the creative achievements as follows.
Firstly, the thesis constructs the conceptual model of the Time-based Competition (TBC) strategic decision-making process of the enterprise top management team, according to the upper echelons theory and the strategic decision-making theory, and applying the key events technique and behavioral event interview method. On the basis of the literature review, and by adopting Simon's theory of decision-making process, the conceptual framework of the strategic decision-making research is established. On this basis, the survey and cases interviews with executives are conduct, and the conceptual model of the Time-based Competition strategic decision-making process of the enterprise top management team is established by using content analysis method to process the interviews data, and empirically analyzing the time distribution at all stages of the corporate strategic decision-making to reveal the time phased characteristics of its decision-making process.
Secondly, the research on the enterprise top management team characteristics influence on the strategic. decision speed was conducted empirically. It reveals the demography and heterogeneity characteristics that influencing the enterprise top management team strategic decision-making speed, constructs the evaluation index system of executive team strategic decision-making speed, and establishes the configuration optimization model based on the strategic decision speed by adopting the multiple regression analysis method, which provides a theoretical and practical guidance for the optimized allocation of the corporate team in such a dynamic and competitive environment.
Thirdly, the research revises Simsek' (2005) team behavior integration scale through the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the original data collected by interviewing and semi-structured questionnaire. It also reveals the function mechanism among the top management team leadership style, top management team behavioral integration and speed of strategic decision-making, through the structural equation modeling and multiple regression analysis. And the model that illustrating the relationship between the team behavioral integration mechanism and the decision-making speed in the top management team strategic decision-making process is constructed by applying the theories of the team trust, knowledge integration, social capital and team creativity.
Finally, based on the literature and empirical study, four different kinds of the decision-making mechanisms are comparatively analyzed .And put forward the selection mechanism of the enterprise executive team strategic decision-making based on the game theory, and the influencing of such factors as the team leadership style, participation of the decision consultant, conflict resolution, the decision power of the team member and strategic decision situations etc. on the strategic decision speed is analyzed, thus it establishes the contingency model of the enterprise top management team strategic decision-making mechanism.
首先，论文依据高阶梯队理论和战略决策理论，运用关键事件技术、行为事件访谈等方法构建了基于时间竞争(Time-based Competition，TBC)的企业高管团队战略决策过程的概念模型。在文献研究的基础上，依据西蒙的决策制定过程理论，建立战略决策研究的概念性框架。在此基础上进行问卷调查和对企业高管个案访谈，采用内容分析法对调研访谈资料进行编码分析，对战略决策各阶段的时间分布进行实证分析，揭示企业战略决策过程的时间阶段性特征，构建了基于时间竞争的企业高管团队战略决策过程的概念模型。
其次，实证研究了企业高管团队特征对战略决策速度的影响。揭示了影响企业高管团队战略决策速度的人口统计学及其异质性特征，构建了高管团队战略决策速度的评价指标体系，并运用多元回归分析，建立了基于战略决策速度的高管团队优化配置模型，为在动态竞争环境下的企业高管团队的优化配置提供了理论和实践指导。
然后，采用访谈、半结构化问卷获取原始数据，通过探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析，修订了Simsek(2005)等的团队行为整合量表。通过结构方程建模和多元回归分析，揭示了团队领导风格、高管团队行为整合与战略决策速度的作用机理。并运用团队信任、知识整合、社会资本和团队创造力等理论，构建了高管团队战略决策过程中的团队行为整合机制与决策速度的关系模型。
最后，在文献和实证研究的基础上，比较研究了四种不同决策机制的优缺点，提出了基于博弈论的企业高管团队战略决策的选择机制，分析了团队领导风格、决策顾问的参与、冲突的解决、团队成员决策权的大小以及战略决策情境等因素等对战略决策速度的影响，从而构建了企业高管团队战略决策机制的权变模型。
After entering the 21~(st) century, the surviving environments for the enterprises becomes gradually complex. The companies constantly optimize the capital operation, the customer demand become more and more personalized and the product and service life cycle is shortened, it become important issues facing by the top management team to apply the time-based competitive strategy in their strategic decision-makings. The enterprise top management decision-makers have realized that in the rapidly changing market domain, only the fast and scientific strategic decisions can enable the enterprises' rapid response to the fast changing environment. However, in reality, fast decisions are often incorrect, and the correct decisions are usually slow. Therefore, it has an important theoretic value and practical significance to research on how to achieve the fast and accurate strategic decision in the new competitive environment. This research take the perspectives from the aspects of the team optimize configuration, team leaders style, team behavioral integration and the strategic decision-making mechamsm in the enterprise top management team' strategic decision-making process, systematically studies the process of how business top management team realize the rapid and correct strategy decision, and mainly obtains the creative achievements as follows.
Firstly, the thesis constructs the conceptual model of the Time-based Competition (TBC) strategic decision-making process of the enterprise top management team, according to the upper echelons theory and the strategic decision-making theory, and applying the key events technique and behavioral event interview method. On the basis of the literature review, and by adopting Simon's theory of decision-making process, the conceptual framework of the strategic decision-making research is established. On this basis, the survey and cases interviews with executives are conduct, and the conceptual model of the Time-based Competition strategic decision-making process of the enterprise top management team is established by using content analysis method to process the interviews data, and empirically analyzing the time distribution at all stages of the corporate strategic decision-making to reveal the time phased characteristics of its decision-making process.
Secondly, the research on the enterprise top management team characteristics influence on the strategic. decision speed was conducted empirically. It reveals the demography and heterogeneity characteristics that influencing the enterprise top management team strategic decision-making speed, constructs the evaluation index system of executive team strategic decision-making speed, and establishes the configuration optimization model based on the strategic decision speed by adopting the multiple regression analysis method, which provides a theoretical and practical guidance for the optimized allocation of the corporate team in such a dynamic and competitive environment.
Thirdly, the research revises Simsek' (2005) team behavior integration scale through the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the original data collected by interviewing and semi-structured questionnaire. It also reveals the function mechanism among the top management team leadership style, top management team behavioral integration and speed of strategic decision-making, through the structural equation modeling and multiple regression analysis. And the model that illustrating the relationship between the team behavioral integration mechanism and the decision-making speed in the top management team strategic decision-making process is constructed by applying the theories of the team trust, knowledge integration, social capital and team creativity.
Finally, based on the literature and empirical study, four different kinds of the decision-making mechanisms are comparatively analyzed .And put forward the selection mechanism of the enterprise executive team strategic decision-making based on the game theory, and the influencing of such factors as the team leadership style, participation of the decision consultant, conflict resolution, the decision power of the team member and strategic decision situations etc. on the strategic decision speed is analyzed, thus it establishes the contingency model of the enterprise top management team strategic decision-making mechanism.
引文
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