基于可视化仿真的MC-CDMA系统若干关键技术研究
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摘要
近年来，无线通信特别是移动通信的高速发展，为个人通信的发展奠定了坚实的基础。多载波技术是一类设法在高速率数据传输中降低多径时延扩散值在信息码元中所占比率的一项有效措施。它是高速移动数据通信中的一项核心技术，也是未来无线宽带接入系统的基本实现技术之一，同时也可能成为下一代蜂窝移动通信网络的无线接入技术。本文以多载波CDMA技术为研究内容，结合通信系统的可视化仿真问题，对多载波CDMA系统及其相关的OFDM、DS-CDMA系统的可视化仿真问题，以及多载波CDMA系统的信道估计技术进行了深入研究。
本文第二章调研了CDMA技术和正交频分复用技术，在此基础上对多载波CDMA技术的原理进行了探讨。对多载波CDMA系统的多址方案进行了总结，分析了多载波CDMA系统和DS-CDMA系统的对偶性。第三章深入研究了通信系统的可视化仿真问题，给出了通信系统的可视化仿真方案，重点研究了直扩通信系统、正交频分复用系统和MC-CDMA系统的可视化仿真问题，建立了以上系统相应的仿真平台，并完成了相应的仿真实验。第四章对MC-CDMA系统的信道估计方法进行了深入研究，比较了不同的信道估计方法，提出了一种新的基于频域自适应滤波原理的信道估计方法。该方法将基于快速LMS算法的频域滤波器引入到MC-CDMA系统的信道估计器中，使得系统在不知道信号相关统计特性的情况下基于导频符号自适应地完成对信道的估计，采用该方法系统能够快速、有效、自适应地完成对信道冲激响应的估计。此外，本文还对二维导频符号辅助信道估计方法进行了研究。分析了时频二维信道估计方法和两个级联的一维信道估计方法，并对这两种方法加以实现，最后给出了相应的实验结果。
In recent years, wireless communication is rapidly developing, which gives a strong basis for personal communication. Multi-carrier technique is a effective method that decreases the ratio of delay spread to symbol duration in high speed data transmission, which is one of key techniques in wireless data communication and will probably be one of wireless access techniques in the next generation mobile communication network. In this paper we mainly research on multi-carrier technique, including principle of the system, visual simulation of the system and related systems (such as DS-CDMA, OFDM), channel estimation method of the system.
In chapter two the paper focuses on the principle of the MC-CDMA system, which combines the CDMA and OFDM, generalizes the system scheme, and analyzes the duality between MC-CDMA system and DS-CDMA system. In chapter three the paper researches on the visual simulation of communication systems. The paper makes main researches on visual simulation method of DS-CDMA, OFDM, and MC-CDMA system, sets up simulation platforms, and gives some useful simulation results. In chapter four the paper researches on the channel estimation method. The paper proposes a new channel estimation method, which is a frequency-domain adaptive filer and takes the fast LMS algorithm. This channel estimation method can rapidly, effectively and adaptively estimates the channel impulse response. And also the paper researches on the two-dimensional pilot-symbol-aided channel estimation, analyzes and realizes the methods that one is realized by the discrete shift-variant 2-D Wiener filter, and the other is realized by the two cascaded orthogonal 1-D Wiener filter.
本文第二章调研了CDMA技术和正交频分复用技术，在此基础上对多载波CDMA技术的原理进行了探讨。对多载波CDMA系统的多址方案进行了总结，分析了多载波CDMA系统和DS-CDMA系统的对偶性。第三章深入研究了通信系统的可视化仿真问题，给出了通信系统的可视化仿真方案，重点研究了直扩通信系统、正交频分复用系统和MC-CDMA系统的可视化仿真问题，建立了以上系统相应的仿真平台，并完成了相应的仿真实验。第四章对MC-CDMA系统的信道估计方法进行了深入研究，比较了不同的信道估计方法，提出了一种新的基于频域自适应滤波原理的信道估计方法。该方法将基于快速LMS算法的频域滤波器引入到MC-CDMA系统的信道估计器中，使得系统在不知道信号相关统计特性的情况下基于导频符号自适应地完成对信道的估计，采用该方法系统能够快速、有效、自适应地完成对信道冲激响应的估计。此外，本文还对二维导频符号辅助信道估计方法进行了研究。分析了时频二维信道估计方法和两个级联的一维信道估计方法，并对这两种方法加以实现，最后给出了相应的实验结果。
In recent years, wireless communication is rapidly developing, which gives a strong basis for personal communication. Multi-carrier technique is a effective method that decreases the ratio of delay spread to symbol duration in high speed data transmission, which is one of key techniques in wireless data communication and will probably be one of wireless access techniques in the next generation mobile communication network. In this paper we mainly research on multi-carrier technique, including principle of the system, visual simulation of the system and related systems (such as DS-CDMA, OFDM), channel estimation method of the system.
In chapter two the paper focuses on the principle of the MC-CDMA system, which combines the CDMA and OFDM, generalizes the system scheme, and analyzes the duality between MC-CDMA system and DS-CDMA system. In chapter three the paper researches on the visual simulation of communication systems. The paper makes main researches on visual simulation method of DS-CDMA, OFDM, and MC-CDMA system, sets up simulation platforms, and gives some useful simulation results. In chapter four the paper researches on the channel estimation method. The paper proposes a new channel estimation method, which is a frequency-domain adaptive filer and takes the fast LMS algorithm. This channel estimation method can rapidly, effectively and adaptively estimates the channel impulse response. And also the paper researches on the two-dimensional pilot-symbol-aided channel estimation, analyzes and realizes the methods that one is realized by the discrete shift-variant 2-D Wiener filter, and the other is realized by the two cascaded orthogonal 1-D Wiener filter.
引文
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2. J. E. Padgett, C.G. Gunther, T. Hattori. Overview of wireless personal communications.IEEE Communications Magazine. 1995,33:28-41
3. Skellern D.J.,Lam A.C.K.,Weste N.Issues in high-speed WLANS.ICASSP'OO.Proceedings.2000,6:3698-3701
4. Prasad A.R.,Prasad N.R.,Kamerman A.,Moelard H.,Eikelenboom A.Indoor wireless LANs deployment.VTC2000-Spring Tokyo.2000, 2:1562-1566
5. R.W.Chang,R.A.Gibbey.A theoretical study of performance of an orthogonal multiplexing data transmission scheme.IEEE Trans.Commun.Technol.1968,COM-16(8):529-540
6. S.B.Weinstein,P.M.Ebert.Data transmission by frequency division multiplexing using the discrete Fourier transform. IEEE Trans.Commun.Technol.1971,COM-19(10):628-634
7. Bingham John A.C.Multicarrier modulation for data transmission:an idea whose time has come.IEEE Commun.Mag.1990 (5):5-14
8．赵亚红，李伟华，吴伟陵．正交多载波调制(OFBM)技术及其应用．电讯技术．2001，1：92-95
9. J.F.Felard,B.Lefloch.Trellis coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing for digital video transmission.Proc.of IEEE GLOBECOM'91,1991:785-791
10．朱近康编著．扩展频谱通信及应用．安徽：中国科技大学出版社，1993：16-102
11. Choudly A.,Brajal A.,Jourdan S.Orthogonal multicarrier techniques applied to direct sequence spread spectrum CDMA systems.IEEE Globecom'93,1993:1723-1728
12. Hara,Shinsuke,Prasad,Ramjee.Overview of multicarrier CDMA. IEEE Communications Magazine.1997,35(12):126-133
13. Khaled Fazel.Performance of CDMA/OFDM for mobile communication system.IEEE International Conference on Universal Personal Communications.1993:975-979
14. Xu Weiping,Milstein Laurence B.Performance of multicarrier DS CDMA
systems in the presence of correlated fading. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. 1997, 3: 2050-2054
15． Kondo, Shiro, Milstein, Laurence B. Performance of multicarrier DS CDMA systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications. 1996, 44 (2) : 238-246
16． W. Y. Zou, Yiyan Wu. COFDM: An Overview. IEEE Trans. On Broadcasting. 1995,41(1) : 1-8
17． Yiyan Wu, W. Y. Zou. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing: A multi-carrier modulation scheme. IEEE Trans. On Consumer Electronics. 1995,41 (3) : 392-399
18． Vijaya Chandran Ramasami. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. www.ittc.ukans.edu
19． T. Keller, L. Hanzo. Adaptive multicarrier modulation: A convenient framework for time-frequency processing in wireless communications. IEEE PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE. 2000, 88 (5) : 611-640
20． A. Vahlin, N. Holte. Use of a guard interval in OFDM on multipath channels. IEEE Electronics Letters. 1994, 30 (24) : 2015-2016
21． Defeng Huang, Lin Yang, Hanqing Xing, etc. Multiplexing guard intervals and time domain pilots in OFDM system. IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics. 2001, Jun: 68-69
22． 吴伟陵编著，移动通信中的关键技术，北京：北京邮电大学出版社. 2000: 241-245
23． Lei Wan, V. K. Dubey. BER performance of OFDM system over frequency nonselective fast Ricean fading channels. IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS. 2001, 5 (1) : 19-21
24． Ana Garcia Armada. Understanding the effects of phase noise in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BROADCASTING. 2001, 47 (2) : 153-159
25． Z. Dlugaszewski, K. Wesolowski, M. Lobeira. Performance of several OFDM transceivers in the indoor radio channels in 17GHZ band. IEEE VTC'Ol. 2001: 825-829
26． 吴俊，赵建平，吴伟陵，多载波 CDMA 在第三代移动通信中的应用，移动通信， 1998, 2: 26-29
27． Yee Nathan, Linnartz Jean-Paul. BER of multi-carrier CDMA in an indoor Rician fading channel. IEEE Conference Record of the Asilomar Conference on Signals,
Systems & Computers.1993,1(1-3):426-430
28. Khaled Fazel.Performance of CDMA /OFDM for Mobile Communication System.IEEEICUPC'93. Oct.1993:975-979
29．吴俊．多载波CDMA中的关键技术研究．北京邮电大学博士论文．1999：16-23
30．周武旸，朱近康．Ricean衰落信道下一种正交多载波CDMA系统的性能．电子学报．2000，28(11A)：8-11
31. Kaiser, Stefan. MC-FDMA and MC-TDMA versus MC-CDMA and SS-MC-MA:Performance evaluation for fading channels.IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques & Applications.Sep.1998,1:200-204
32. Bogucka Hanna.Transmission and reception of the multicarrier CDMA signals in the 3rd generation mobile communication system. IEEE International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications.Feb. 1996:319-322
33. Kaiser Stefan.OFDM-CDMA versus DS-CDMA:performance evaluation for fading channels.IEEE International Conference on Communications.1995,Jun:1722-1726
34．吴重光主编．仿真技术．北京：化学工业出版社，2000：1-23
35．何江华编著．计算机仿真导论．北京：科学出版社，2001：3-51
36．王行仁．建模与仿真的回顾及展望．系统仿真学报．1999，11(5)：309-311
37．杨嘉樨．计算机仿真的进展．计算机仿真．1995，42(1)：1
38．郭汉伟，尹加贤，何建国等．通信系统的可视化仿真．数字通信．1999，3：41-42
39．石昭祥，王世明．现代通信系统仿真平台的开发．计算机仿真．2000，17(3)：49-51
40．李仲令，曹世文，葛造坤编著．现代通信系统仿真及应用．成都：电子科技大学出版社．1998：1-225
41．王小同，杜芳，潘永仁等．可视化仿真及其应用综述．计算机工程．1998，24(8)：20-22
42. Bell, Peter C., O'Keefe, Robert M. Visual interactive simulation-history, recent developments,and major issues. Simulation.1987,49(3):109-116
43．蒋朱成，张严，尤肖虎．WCDMA系统上行链路层MATLAB平台SIMULINK实现．电路与系统学报．2001，6(3)：90-93
44．张延华，段占云，沈兰荪等．Okumura-Hata传播预测模型的可视化仿真研究．电波科学学报．2001，16(1)：89-92
45．张延华，许阳明．基于图形建模的可视化群仿真技术研究．计算机工程与科学．2000，22(1)：67-69
46. MathWorks Inc. Using Matlab 6.O, 2000
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