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混合混沌优化算法的研究及其在水下电机的应用
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摘要
本课题研究了一种基于混沌动力学运动的混合智能优化算法,将其用于海洋机器人推进电机。推进电机是海洋机器人的关键部件,提高其性能将会拓宽探索海洋领域,是开发海洋资源的重要课题。本文主要内容为:
     一、研究了智能启发式Alopex优化算法。改进了现有Alopex算法数学模型,使仅能求解下单峰函数的Alopex算法具备了爬坡能力;在应用贝努利实验概型论证算法收敛性的基础上,对影响改进算法收敛性和收敛速度的重要参数,如自变量的初始值,自变量随机行走步长、有效参数温度和迭代终止判据等进行了探讨,提出了选取确定原则,并通过大量的实验模型进行了可行性验证。
     二、基于一维混沌映射混沌点集的概率测度分析,提出了一种适于解决多变量多峰值非线性约束问题的新的混沌优化算法——变区间混沌优化算法,并应用切比雪夫不等式论证了算法依概率收敛于全局最优解。首先对现有的混沌优化算法进行了改进,通过引入Ulam-von Neumann映射实现算法在当前优化解的两侧搜索,通过引入衰减系数改变初始调节系数实现区间调整,大大改善了算法的搜索效率。然后推导了Logistic映射的不动点,讨论了算法中一维混沌映射初值的选取方法以及混沌轨道序列点值、初始调节系数和衰减系数之间的关系。
     三、提出适于解决复杂工程实际优化问题的混合混沌优化算法。利用改进的Alopex算法和变区间混沌优化算法的各自优点,提出了混合优化算法。该算法分三个阶段:粗搜索阶段、下降搜索阶段和细搜索阶段。在粗搜索阶段,利用Logistic映射生成的候选解群体寻求最优解存在的领域和方向;在下降搜索阶段,利用Alopex算法快速收敛的特点进行搜索;在细搜索阶段,利用Ulam-von Neumann混沌映射在当前优化解邻域进行细致寻优。该算法在机制上克服了现有优化算法收敛缓慢易陷入局部极小的缺陷。
     四、将混合混沌优化算法、参数辨识、动态性能仿真、电磁场分析用于水下推进电机,并在实验中进行了验证。
A hybrid intelligent optimal method based on chaotic dynamic motion is studied and applied to the underwater thruster motor of oceanic robot. The key part of the ocean robot is the thruster motor, whose performance improved is helpful to broaden oceanic exploration. Therefore, improving the performance of the thruster motor is an important project to develop oceanic resource.
    First, an intelligent heuristic Alopex algorithm is examined. The mathematical model of the present Alopex algorithm is improved so that the original algorithm which only solved for the minimum of a single-modal of a single variable is able to ascend to find the global optimum. Based on the convergence proofed by aid of the probability model of Bernoulli test, some parameters with regards to the convergence of algorithm and convergent speed of iterative process are discussed in details to make the algorithm feasible and effective, such as determination of the initial value of every independent variable, a positive or negative small increment of step-size away from its current position on the path toward the global optimal solution during each iteration, an efficient parameter with characteristic of temperature, as well as a stop criterion of iteration computation. This proposed optimization technology has been demonstrated on considerable mathematical functions.
    Second, On the basis of analysis of density distribution of sequence points on the chaotic orbit of one-dimension chaotic mapping, a mutative interval chaotic optimization algorithm is presented in search for the solution optimums of the non-linear constrained problems with multi-variables and multi-peak values. With the objective function probability measurement approaching a limit 1, the convergence of the algorithm on the global optimal solution is proofed by aid of Chebyshev inequality. The present chaotic optimal algorithm is improved. The Ulam-von Neumann mapping is introduced into the chaotic algorithm to search for the better solutions on both sides of the present optimal solution, and an attenuation coefficient is also introduced to change the size of initial adjustable coefficient so that the search interval can be shrank. Thus, the search efficiency is enhanced obviously. Sequentially, the fixed points of Logistic mapping are derived. A way to choose the initial values of 1-dimension chaotic mappi
    ng and the relationship among the number of chaos sequence points, initial adjustable constant and attenuation coefficient are investigated and illustrated.
    Third, the purpose of studying a hybrid optimal algorithm is to solve actual and complicated engineering problems involving optimization. The algorithm takes advantage of characteristic of Alopex algorithm and the mutative interval chaotic
    
    
    
    
    optimization algorithm. The proposed algorithm consists of three processes, approximate search, descent search and subtle search. The first step of the algorithm is to define the existing domains and the direction of the optimal solutions in the population of the candidate solutions from the logistic mapping. The second step is to use Alopex algorithm to locate quickly the present optimal solutions. The third step is to employ Ulam-von Neumann chaotic mapping to search subtly in the neighboring domain of the present optimal solution. In principle, the hybrid optimal algorithm guarantees better convergence efficiency and overcomes shortage of trapping into the local minimum.
    Finally, the hybrid chaotic optimal algorithm, nonlinear weighted least square method for parameter identification, numerical simulation and electromagnetic field analysis are applied to the design of the underwater motor. The designed motor is tested.
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