企业家自我效能、企业家社会资本与战略变革的关系研究
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摘要
企业家在经济活动中承担着重要的角色,特别是在企业内部,企业家作为企业的生产要素和经济资源,掌握着企业各类生产要素的组织和资源的配置,影响着企业的生存和发展。因此,企业家个人的心理、动机和行为等个人因素直接影响着企业的成败,特别是大量的研究和事实都表明,企业家心理以及企业家的心理能力对企业的成功起着很大的作用。企业家自我效能的研究正是从企业家心理能力出发研究企业家的动机和行为,以及对企业绩效、创业行为等的影响的。特别是在超竞争时代的21世纪,企业发展受到越来越多因素的影响,企业也越来越需要通过战略变革来适应环境的变化。因此,研究企业家自我效能这一心理能力对企业战略变革的影响对于企业的发展极具启发意义。
本研究在理论文献研究的基础上,阐述了企业家自我效能、企业家社会资本和战略变革三个构念的内涵,并论述了三者之间存在的关系,构建了以企业家社会资本为中介的企业家自我效能对战略变革的影响模型。在理论研究的基础上,提出了战略变革的两个构念——战略变革横向构念和战略变革纵向构念,并在此基础上运用一定的测量方式对战略进行测量以及选择合适的测量问卷对另外两个构念进行测量,并选取大量的企业家样本进行问卷调查,以获取数据,并使用SPSS19.0和Lisre18.70软件对数据进行回归模型和结构方程模型分析,最终来检验理论模型。本文最后得到的结论是：企业家自我效能与战略变革之间存在一定的显著正向影响关系；企业家自我效能与企业家社会资本之间存在显著的正向影响关系；企业家社会资本与战略变革直接总体上存在一定的显著正向影响关系；企业家自我效能通过企业家社会资本对战略变革产生显著的正向影响。最后,在研究结论的基础上,提出本研究对于企业战略变革的对策和建议。
Entrepreneurs plays an important role in economic activities. Especially in the enterprise, as factor of production and resource of economy, Entrepreneurs control to organize various elements and dispose various resources for enterprise, so they will affect the survival and development of the enterprise. Therefore, pesonal factors such as psychology, motivation and behavior of entrepreneurs can directly influence success or failure of one enterprise. Especially in some research and some real cases, entrepreneurial psychology and mental ability played a significant role in the success of enterprise. Studying entrepreneurial Self-efficacy is just a good perspective to research entrepreneurial motivation and behavior and how it will influence enterprise performance, entrepreneurial behavior and so on. In the 21st century, the environment is ultra-competitive, so the devolopment of enterprise is influenced by the increasing number of factors and enterprise needs more and more strategic-change to adapt to environmental changes. It is very inspired to research if and how entrepreneurial self-efficacy influence the strategic change of enterprise.
Based on theoretical literature, I expounded the connotation of the three constructs as Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy(ESE), Entrepreneurial Social Capital(ECC), and Strategic Change(SC), and discussed the relation among the three constructs, then I built a model how ESE impact the SC-ECC as an mediation. After theoretical study, I proposed two constructs for Strategic Change-SC horizontal construct and longitudinal construct, and measured the three constructs by some methods, and investigated a lot of entrepreneurs to get data, until I got enough data I did empirical analysis by using spssl9.0 and lisrel8.70 to test the theoretical model. The conclusions of this paper are as follow:ESE has significant positive impaction on SC; ESE has significant positive impaction on ECC; ECC has significant positive impaction on SC; ESE can significantly impact on SC through ECC. Finally, I put forward some countermeasures and suggestions for strategic Change in enterprise.
本研究在理论文献研究的基础上,阐述了企业家自我效能、企业家社会资本和战略变革三个构念的内涵,并论述了三者之间存在的关系,构建了以企业家社会资本为中介的企业家自我效能对战略变革的影响模型。在理论研究的基础上,提出了战略变革的两个构念——战略变革横向构念和战略变革纵向构念,并在此基础上运用一定的测量方式对战略进行测量以及选择合适的测量问卷对另外两个构念进行测量,并选取大量的企业家样本进行问卷调查,以获取数据,并使用SPSS19.0和Lisre18.70软件对数据进行回归模型和结构方程模型分析,最终来检验理论模型。本文最后得到的结论是：企业家自我效能与战略变革之间存在一定的显著正向影响关系；企业家自我效能与企业家社会资本之间存在显著的正向影响关系；企业家社会资本与战略变革直接总体上存在一定的显著正向影响关系；企业家自我效能通过企业家社会资本对战略变革产生显著的正向影响。最后,在研究结论的基础上,提出本研究对于企业战略变革的对策和建议。
Entrepreneurs plays an important role in economic activities. Especially in the enterprise, as factor of production and resource of economy, Entrepreneurs control to organize various elements and dispose various resources for enterprise, so they will affect the survival and development of the enterprise. Therefore, pesonal factors such as psychology, motivation and behavior of entrepreneurs can directly influence success or failure of one enterprise. Especially in some research and some real cases, entrepreneurial psychology and mental ability played a significant role in the success of enterprise. Studying entrepreneurial Self-efficacy is just a good perspective to research entrepreneurial motivation and behavior and how it will influence enterprise performance, entrepreneurial behavior and so on. In the 21st century, the environment is ultra-competitive, so the devolopment of enterprise is influenced by the increasing number of factors and enterprise needs more and more strategic-change to adapt to environmental changes. It is very inspired to research if and how entrepreneurial self-efficacy influence the strategic change of enterprise.
Based on theoretical literature, I expounded the connotation of the three constructs as Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy(ESE), Entrepreneurial Social Capital(ECC), and Strategic Change(SC), and discussed the relation among the three constructs, then I built a model how ESE impact the SC-ECC as an mediation. After theoretical study, I proposed two constructs for Strategic Change-SC horizontal construct and longitudinal construct, and measured the three constructs by some methods, and investigated a lot of entrepreneurs to get data, until I got enough data I did empirical analysis by using spssl9.0 and lisrel8.70 to test the theoretical model. The conclusions of this paper are as follow:ESE has significant positive impaction on SC; ESE has significant positive impaction on ECC; ECC has significant positive impaction on SC; ESE can significantly impact on SC through ECC. Finally, I put forward some countermeasures and suggestions for strategic Change in enterprise.
引文
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