中学班主任胜任特征研究
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摘要
中学班主任胜任特征是指在中学班主任工作岗位上,作为学生知识、能力、技能及人格、思想建构的合格引导者,所应该具备的任何可以客观评价的个人特点集合,包括知识、能力、技能、动机等方面的内容。该概念是在国内外胜任特征、国内外中学教师胜任特征、中学班主任教师素质及能力等研究基础上提出。
本研究借助人力资源管理中的胜任特征理论和研究方法,通过对比不同胜任水平的班主任教师,检验了已有关于班主任胜任特征的研究成果,稳定了结构化模型,同时,进行行动研究,通过个案追踪收集到资料进一步佐证中学班主任胜任特征模型的内容和测量指标。
已有研究提出中学班主任的胜任特征模型包含12个维度56个测量指标,本研究通过关键事件访谈、问卷测量数据对其进行验证,发现存在一定不合理之处,从而对其进行修改,修改后问卷的结构包括12个维度54个测量题目,整个问卷信度值为0.9115,各维度信度值在0.6539到0.8864之间,验证性因子分析指标为X~2/df=5.42,CFI=0.96,NNFI=1.000。以210名中学生为调查对象,修订后问卷为工具,30名银川市属中学班主任教师为样本,考察了目前城市中学教师的胜任特征水平,结果表明绩效水平高的班主任教师在胜任特征个测量维度上的表现的确显著地高于绩效水平低的班主任教师。
在以上基础上,挑选出胜任水平有明显差异的两位班主任教师对其进行一星期的追踪观察,全面收集反映其班主任工作内容的各项事件及带班成绩,结果表明胜任水平高的班主任工作绩效水平高,同时在知识、能力、技能、个性、动机等各方面都有突出表现。
The competence features of head teachers in secondary schools mean an assemblage of any personal features of the head teachers that could be objectively evaluated,including knowledge,capability,skills,motives,etc.,with the head teacher being a qualified guidance in the perspectives of students' knowledge,capability, skills and personality,thought structure.The concept is proposed on the research bases of international and national competence features,international and national competence features of secondary school teachers,and the quality and competence of secondary school head teachers.
The study has drawn support from the theory and research methods of human resource management,compared different competence levels of head teachers, verified the related research achievements of head teacher competence features, stabled the structure model,and at the meantime,has conducted action research. Through the data collected and tracked in the case study,the study has proved the model content and measure index of the head teacher competence features.
In the previous research,the competence feature models of secondary school head teachers include 12 factors and 56 measure indexes.With investigation of the interviews of key event interviews and questionnaire measure data,this study has discovered and adjusted some unreasonable aspects.The revised questionnaire structure comprises 12 factors and 54 measure items.The total credit degree of all the factors is 0.9115,with each between 0.6539 and 0.8864,and the analytical factor index of the verification is X~2/df=5.42,CFI=0.96,NNFI=1.000.
With 210 secondary school students as investigative subjects,the revised questionnaire as the research tool,and 30 head teachers from a secondary school in Yinchuan as research models,the study has investigated the present competence feature level of the city secondary school head teachers.The research result indicates that in the perspective of measuring factors of competence feature,the head teachers with higher achievement level have performed better than the head teachers with lower achievement level.
Based on the content mentioned above,two head teachers with apparent differences in the competence level have been chosen and observed for a week in order to collect events and class grades which can reflect the head teacher performance.The result is that the head teacher with higher competence level has higher performance level,and meanwhile displays more extraordinary presentation in the aspects of knowledge,capability,skill,personality,motive,etc.
本研究借助人力资源管理中的胜任特征理论和研究方法,通过对比不同胜任水平的班主任教师,检验了已有关于班主任胜任特征的研究成果,稳定了结构化模型,同时,进行行动研究,通过个案追踪收集到资料进一步佐证中学班主任胜任特征模型的内容和测量指标。
已有研究提出中学班主任的胜任特征模型包含12个维度56个测量指标,本研究通过关键事件访谈、问卷测量数据对其进行验证,发现存在一定不合理之处,从而对其进行修改,修改后问卷的结构包括12个维度54个测量题目,整个问卷信度值为0.9115,各维度信度值在0.6539到0.8864之间,验证性因子分析指标为X~2/df=5.42,CFI=0.96,NNFI=1.000。以210名中学生为调查对象,修订后问卷为工具,30名银川市属中学班主任教师为样本,考察了目前城市中学教师的胜任特征水平,结果表明绩效水平高的班主任教师在胜任特征个测量维度上的表现的确显著地高于绩效水平低的班主任教师。
在以上基础上,挑选出胜任水平有明显差异的两位班主任教师对其进行一星期的追踪观察,全面收集反映其班主任工作内容的各项事件及带班成绩,结果表明胜任水平高的班主任工作绩效水平高,同时在知识、能力、技能、个性、动机等各方面都有突出表现。
The competence features of head teachers in secondary schools mean an assemblage of any personal features of the head teachers that could be objectively evaluated,including knowledge,capability,skills,motives,etc.,with the head teacher being a qualified guidance in the perspectives of students' knowledge,capability, skills and personality,thought structure.The concept is proposed on the research bases of international and national competence features,international and national competence features of secondary school teachers,and the quality and competence of secondary school head teachers.
The study has drawn support from the theory and research methods of human resource management,compared different competence levels of head teachers, verified the related research achievements of head teacher competence features, stabled the structure model,and at the meantime,has conducted action research. Through the data collected and tracked in the case study,the study has proved the model content and measure index of the head teacher competence features.
In the previous research,the competence feature models of secondary school head teachers include 12 factors and 56 measure indexes.With investigation of the interviews of key event interviews and questionnaire measure data,this study has discovered and adjusted some unreasonable aspects.The revised questionnaire structure comprises 12 factors and 54 measure items.The total credit degree of all the factors is 0.9115,with each between 0.6539 and 0.8864,and the analytical factor index of the verification is X~2/df=5.42,CFI=0.96,NNFI=1.000.
With 210 secondary school students as investigative subjects,the revised questionnaire as the research tool,and 30 head teachers from a secondary school in Yinchuan as research models,the study has investigated the present competence feature level of the city secondary school head teachers.The research result indicates that in the perspective of measuring factors of competence feature,the head teachers with higher achievement level have performed better than the head teachers with lower achievement level.
Based on the content mentioned above,two head teachers with apparent differences in the competence level have been chosen and observed for a week in order to collect events and class grades which can reflect the head teacher performance.The result is that the head teacher with higher competence level has higher performance level,and meanwhile displays more extraordinary presentation in the aspects of knowledge,capability,skill,personality,motive,etc.
引文
[1]David C.McClelland.Testing for Competence Rather Than for "lntelligence"[J].American Psychologist.1973[P1-14]
[1]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究学位论文[D.太原:山西大学,2000
[2]Richard E.Boyatzis.The Competent Manager:A model for effective performance[M].Canada;John wiley &sons Inc,1982.
[3]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
[4]Ronald M Epstein,Edward M Hundert.Defining and assessing professional competence[J].JAMA.Chicago,2002.287(2):P226-236.
[5]陈云川,雷铁.胜任力研究与应用综述及发展趋向[J].科研管理,2004,25(6):141-144
[1]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究生学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
[2]Roemer,Linda.Hospital middle managers perceptions of their work and competence[J].Hospital & Health Services Administration,1996.41[2]:P210-237.
[1]陈淑娟.中学教师通用胜任特征模型建构.硕士研究生学位论文[D].西北师大.2006.
[2]时勘,王继承,李超平.企业高层管理者胜任特征评价的研究[J].心理学报,2002,34(3):
[3]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究生学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
[1]王重鸣.管理胜任力特征分析:结构方程模型检验[J].心理科学,2002.34(3):p306-311.
[2]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究生学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
[3]陈淑娟.中学教师通用胜任特征模型建构.硕士研究生学位论文[D].西北师大.2006.
[1]傅国亮.新世纪班主任必读.高等教育出版社.2005,10
[2]汪立丰.基础教育中创新精神的培养.《中国教育报》2003年8月9日第4版[8].
[3]彭兰芳.把班级的管理权交给学生《班主任工作》贵州教育(半月刊)4/2005[6]
[4]郑航.班主任:从管理者到指导者《中国教育报》2003年4月19日第4版
[1]班主任素质.班主任之友.http://www,wsbedu,com/index02,html.
[2]班主任素质.班主任之友.http://www.wsbedu,com/index02,html.
[1]班主任素质.班主任之友.http://www,wsbedu,com,index02,html.
[2]汪立丰.基础教育中创新精神的培养.《中国教育报》2003年8月9日第4版[8].
[1]赵长福,论新时期中学班主任素养的培养[D].西南师范大学经济政法学院,2002,4.
[1]班主任素质.班主任之友.http://www.wsbedu.com/index02,html
[2]班主任之友:《班主任工作中如何培养学生良好的行为习惯》,《班主任工作要有责任心》.http://www.wsbedu,tom,/index02,html.
[1]傅国亮.新世纪班主任必读.高等教育出版社.2005,10.
[2]《读与写》:敦育教学刊-2007(2)-73-74)
[1]李学农,陈震.初中班主任[M].南京:南京师范大学出版社,1997,12.
[2]李镇西.《爱心与教育》.
[3]韩云峰.如何塑造班主任的人格魅力.http:www.wsbedu.com/index02.html
[1]陈辉梅.论班主任是学校实施心理健康教育的主力军.硕士研究生学位论文[G44].华中帅范大学,2001.
1.蔡永红,黄天元.教师评价研究的缘起—问题及发展趋势[J].北京师范大学学报(社科版),2001,1:12-19
2.陈民科.基于胜任力的职务分析及其应用[J].人类工效学,2002,8(1):23-25
3.陈辉梅.论班主任是学校实施心理健康教育的主力军.硕士研究生学位论文[D].华中师范大学,2001
4.陈淑娟.中学教师通用胜任特征模型建构.硕士研究生学位论文[D].西北师大.2006.
5.陈云川,雷铁.胜任力研究与应用综述及发展趋向[J].科研管理,2004,25(6):141-144
6.冯明.对工作情景中人的胜任力研究[J].外国经济与管理,2001,23(8):22-31
7.傅国亮.新世纪班主任必读[M].高等教育出版社,2005
8.顾琴轩,朱牧.人力资源专业人员胜任力研究[J].中国人力资源开发,2002,9:4-8
9.韩云峰.如何塑造班主任的人格魅力.http://www.wsbedu.com/index02.html
10.韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究生学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
11.雷蒙德·A·诺伊,约翰·雷伦拜克(著),刘晰(译).人力资源管理:赢得竞争优势[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2001:134-173
12.理查德·里格,费利普·津巴多(著),王垒,王更(译):心理学与生活[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:267-280
13.李学农,陈震.初中班主任[M].南京:南京师范大学出版社,1997
14.林崇德.教育与发展[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002:189-371
15.申继亮,王凯荣.论教师的心理健康教育能力的构成[J].北京师范大学学报(社科版),2001,1:12-19.
16.时勘,王继承,李超平.企业高层管理者胜任特征评价的研究[J].心理学报,2002,34(3):306-311
17.陶祁,冯明.基于胜任力的培训设计研究[J].中国人力资源开发,2002,24(4):18-21
18.王重鸣.管理胜任力特征分析:结构方程模型检验[J].心理科学,2002,34(3):306-311.
19.汪立丰.基础教育中创新精神的培养[J].中国教育报,2003
20.俞文钊.管理心理学[M].甘肃人民出版社,1992,4
21.赵长福.论新时期中学班主任素养的培养.西南师范大学硕士学位论文[D],2002,4.
22.朱智贤.心理学大字典[M].北京;北京师范大学出版社,1989
23.班主任素质.http://www.wsbedu.com/index02.html.
24.读与写.教育学刊.2007,(2):73-74
25.David C McClelland.Testing for Competence Rather Than for "Intelligence"[J].American Psychologist,1973:1-14
26.Kevin Ford.Competencies in the Real World:Performance Management for the Relationally Healthy Organization[J].Compensation and Benefits Review.2001,8(7):1-15
27.Nordhaug O.Competence Specificities in Organizations[J].Int Studies of Mgtfiorg,1998,20(28):8-29.
28.Richard E.Boyatzis.The Competent Manager:A Model for Effective Performance [M].Canada;John Wiley & Sons Inc,1982.
29.Roemer.Linda.Hospital Middle Managers Perceptions of their Work and Competence[J].Hospital & Health Services Administration,1996,41[2]:210-237
30.Ronald M Epstein,Edward M Hundert.Defining and Assessing Professional Competence[J].JAMA.Chicago,2002,287(2):226-236
[1]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究学位论文[D.太原:山西大学,2000
[2]Richard E.Boyatzis.The Competent Manager:A model for effective performance[M].Canada;John wiley &sons Inc,1982.
[3]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
[4]Ronald M Epstein,Edward M Hundert.Defining and assessing professional competence[J].JAMA.Chicago,2002.287(2):P226-236.
[5]陈云川,雷铁.胜任力研究与应用综述及发展趋向[J].科研管理,2004,25(6):141-144
[1]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究生学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
[2]Roemer,Linda.Hospital middle managers perceptions of their work and competence[J].Hospital & Health Services Administration,1996.41[2]:P210-237.
[1]陈淑娟.中学教师通用胜任特征模型建构.硕士研究生学位论文[D].西北师大.2006.
[2]时勘,王继承,李超平.企业高层管理者胜任特征评价的研究[J].心理学报,2002,34(3):
[3]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究生学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
[1]王重鸣.管理胜任力特征分析:结构方程模型检验[J].心理科学,2002.34(3):p306-311.
[2]韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究生学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
[3]陈淑娟.中学教师通用胜任特征模型建构.硕士研究生学位论文[D].西北师大.2006.
[1]傅国亮.新世纪班主任必读.高等教育出版社.2005,10
[2]汪立丰.基础教育中创新精神的培养.《中国教育报》2003年8月9日第4版[8].
[3]彭兰芳.把班级的管理权交给学生《班主任工作》贵州教育(半月刊)4/2005[6]
[4]郑航.班主任:从管理者到指导者《中国教育报》2003年4月19日第4版
[1]班主任素质.班主任之友.http://www,wsbedu,com/index02,html.
[2]班主任素质.班主任之友.http://www.wsbedu,com/index02,html.
[1]班主任素质.班主任之友.http://www,wsbedu,com,index02,html.
[2]汪立丰.基础教育中创新精神的培养.《中国教育报》2003年8月9日第4版[8].
[1]赵长福,论新时期中学班主任素养的培养[D].西南师范大学经济政法学院,2002,4.
[1]班主任素质.班主任之友.http://www.wsbedu.com/index02,html
[2]班主任之友:《班主任工作中如何培养学生良好的行为习惯》,《班主任工作要有责任心》.http://www.wsbedu,tom,/index02,html.
[1]傅国亮.新世纪班主任必读.高等教育出版社.2005,10.
[2]《读与写》:敦育教学刊-2007(2)-73-74)
[1]李学农,陈震.初中班主任[M].南京:南京师范大学出版社,1997,12.
[2]李镇西.《爱心与教育》.
[3]韩云峰.如何塑造班主任的人格魅力.http:www.wsbedu.com/index02.html
[1]陈辉梅.论班主任是学校实施心理健康教育的主力军.硕士研究生学位论文[G44].华中帅范大学,2001.
1.蔡永红,黄天元.教师评价研究的缘起—问题及发展趋势[J].北京师范大学学报(社科版),2001,1:12-19
2.陈民科.基于胜任力的职务分析及其应用[J].人类工效学,2002,8(1):23-25
3.陈辉梅.论班主任是学校实施心理健康教育的主力军.硕士研究生学位论文[D].华中师范大学,2001
4.陈淑娟.中学教师通用胜任特征模型建构.硕士研究生学位论文[D].西北师大.2006.
5.陈云川,雷铁.胜任力研究与应用综述及发展趋向[J].科研管理,2004,25(6):141-144
6.冯明.对工作情景中人的胜任力研究[J].外国经济与管理,2001,23(8):22-31
7.傅国亮.新世纪班主任必读[M].高等教育出版社,2005
8.顾琴轩,朱牧.人力资源专业人员胜任力研究[J].中国人力资源开发,2002,9:4-8
9.韩云峰.如何塑造班主任的人格魅力.http://www.wsbedu.com/index02.html
10.韩曼茹.中学班主任胜任力研究.硕士研究生学位论文[D].太原:山西大学,2000
11.雷蒙德·A·诺伊,约翰·雷伦拜克(著),刘晰(译).人力资源管理:赢得竞争优势[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2001:134-173
12.理查德·里格,费利普·津巴多(著),王垒,王更(译):心理学与生活[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:267-280
13.李学农,陈震.初中班主任[M].南京:南京师范大学出版社,1997
14.林崇德.教育与发展[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002:189-371
15.申继亮,王凯荣.论教师的心理健康教育能力的构成[J].北京师范大学学报(社科版),2001,1:12-19.
16.时勘,王继承,李超平.企业高层管理者胜任特征评价的研究[J].心理学报,2002,34(3):306-311
17.陶祁,冯明.基于胜任力的培训设计研究[J].中国人力资源开发,2002,24(4):18-21
18.王重鸣.管理胜任力特征分析:结构方程模型检验[J].心理科学,2002,34(3):306-311.
19.汪立丰.基础教育中创新精神的培养[J].中国教育报,2003
20.俞文钊.管理心理学[M].甘肃人民出版社,1992,4
21.赵长福.论新时期中学班主任素养的培养.西南师范大学硕士学位论文[D],2002,4.
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